Constructing Postdigital Research: Method and Emancipation (Postdigital Science and Education)

Series Editor’s Preface
	References
Foreword
References
Introduction
	Why This Book?
	What’s in the Book?
		Part I: Postdigital Positionality
		Part II: Constructing Postdigital Research
		Part III: Postdigital Data and Algorithms
		Part IV: Exclusions and Inclusions
		Part V: Method and Emancipation
	How to Use This Book?
		No Gods, No Masters
		Towards a Critical Postdigital Research Praxis
	References
Acknowledgements
Contents
About the Editors
About the Authors
Part I: Postdigital Positionality
	Positionality in Postdigital Research: The Power to Effect Change
		1 Introduction
		2 Postdigital Positionality as Statement or a Process
		3 My Own Postdigital Positionality
			3.1 What Position Is Assumed?
			3.2 What Proposition Is Contributed?
			3.3 How Does This Sit in Opposition to Other Theories or Methods?
			3.4 What Form of Composition Will the Writing of This Chapter Become?
			3.5 Will There Be a Need to Reposition These Arguments?
		4 Being Postdigital
			4.1 Postdigital Discourse
			4.2 Postdigital Equivalence
			4.3 Postdigital-Biodigital
		5 Postdigital Political Economy
			5.1 Postdigital Publishing
			5.2 Postdigital Collective Writing
			5.3 Postdigital Poverty
			5.4 Postdigital Decoloniality
		6 Enacting Postdigital Positionality
		7 Postdigital Esteem
		References
	Beyond A ‘Noticing Stance’: Reflecting to Expand Postdigital Positionalities
		1 Introduction
		2 What Is Positionality?
		3 Intellectual Positionalities
			3.1 Reflection
		4 Social Positionalities
			4.1 Reflection
		5 More-Than-Human Positionalities
			5.1 Reflection
		6 Non-Human Positionalities
			6.1 Reflection
		7 Positionality as Part of a Global Postdigital Community
			7.1 Reflection
		8 Conclusion
		References
	Mapping (Metaphorical) Journeys in and Against the Academy
		1 Introduction
		2 Knowledge, Empire, and Terrain
		3 Maps as Texts
		4 Maps in Use (Maps as Method)
		5 Metaphorical Journeys Against the Spirit of the Academy
		6 Conclusion
		References
Part II: Constructing Postdigital Research
	Constructing Design Knowledge for Postdigital Science and Education
		1 Introduction
		2 Design Knowledge and Situated Action
		3 Activity-Centred Analysis and Design (ACAD)
		4 Illustrations from Our Field Studies
			4.1 Theoretical Framing
			4.2 Methodological Framing
			4.3 About the Centres
			4.4 Analysis
		5 Concluding Comments
		References
	Cyber-Social Research: Emerging Paradigms for Interventionist Education Research in the Postdigital Era
		1 Introduction
		2 Changing Paradigms for Software Development: Lessons for Education Research
		3 Agile and Design-Based Research
		4 A Cyber-Social Research Study
		5 Research Insights
			5.1 First Cohort
				5.1.1 User Interface Changes
				5.1.2 Functionality Changes
				5.1.3 Customization Options
				5.1.4 Feature Requests
			5.2 Tackling the Key Challenges
			5.3 Second Cohort
				5.3.1 User Interface Changes
				5.3.2 Functionality Changes
				5.3.3 Customization Options
				5.3.4 Feature Requests
			5.4 Future Action
		6 Towards Cyber-Social Research for Learning
		References
	Sociomateriality, Postdigital Thinking, and Learning Spaces Research
		1 Introduction
		2 Taking a Position on ‘The Postdigital’
			2.1 The Digital Within Our Everyday Surroundings and Practices
			2.2 The Digital Reconfiguration of University Space
			2.3 Exploring the Postdigital Learning Spaces of Higher Education
		3 Sociomateriality and Education Research
		4 Conceptual Common Ground
			4.1 The More-Than-Human Learning Spaces of Higher Education
			4.2 Working with Mess in Our Educational World
			4.3 Reckoning with the Complex Relations Between Education, Space and the Digital
		5 Beyond Sociomateriality
		6 Conclusion: A Postdigital Research Sensibility
		References
	Researching Interactional and Volumetric Scenographies – Immersive Qualitative Digital Research
		1 Introduction
		2 From Algorithms and Data Visualization to Interactional and Volumetric Scenographies
		3 A Brief History of Video-Based Research
		4 Immersive Everyday Realities: 360° Video, Volume, and Scene
		5 Immersive Qualitative Digital Research Environments
			5.1 AVA360VR
			5.2 CAVA360VR
			5.3 SQUIVE
		6 Researching Postdigital Science and Education
		References
Part III: Postdigital Data and Algorithms
	Postdigital Student Bodies – Mapping the Flesh-Electric
		1 Prologue
		2 Introduction
		3 Postdigital Learning Analytics
		4 Making Sense of the Changing Datascape in Higher Education
		5 The Oral, Analog, and Non-Digitized Student Data in Learning Analytics
			5.1 Learning Analytics: A Short Early History
		6 Postdigital Data
		7 On the Contours of Postdigital Learning Analytics
		8 What Are the Contours of Postdigital Learning Analytics?
		9 (In)Conclusions
		10 Epilogue
		References
	Algorithmic Systems Claim Education and The (Re)Production of Education
		1 Introduction
		2 Theoretical Background
		3 Postdigital Education – Algorithmic Systems’ Promise for Pedagogy and Futures
		4 Necessary Governmental Scrutiny of the New Pedagogic Powers in a Postdigital Education
			4.1 The Present State of Governing EdTech
			4.2 Framework for Governing EdTech: Ethical Benchmarking
			4.3 Governing EdTech for Their Pedagogical and Socio-Structural Value
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Negotiating Mnemotechnic Re-presentation
		1 Introduction
		2 Re-presenting Knowledge
			2.1 Re-presencing the Knowledge Trace
			2.2 Exteriorizing the Memory of Knowledge
			2.3 (Automatic) Knowledge That (Dis)sociates
			2.4 Mnemotechnics as Anthropological Device
		3 Narrative-Code Shift
		4 Mnemotechnic Entropy
		5 Anthropological Difference
		6 Conclusion
		References
Part IV: Exclusions and Inclusions
	Postdigital Validity: Peer Reviews on the Edges of Modernity
		1 Introduction
		2 Validity and Modernity/Coloniality
		3 Inventive Methodologies
		4 Peer Reviews
			4.1 Essaying
			4.2 Creating Pointillist and Pixel Art
			4.3 Drawing Inferences
		5 Concluding Thoughts
		References
	Don’t Leave Artificial Intelligence Alone: It Could Hurt Human Rights
		1 Introduction
		2 Artificial Intelligence
		3 Protection of International Human Rights in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
		4 A Step Forward
			4.1 Legal Personality of Artificial Intelligence in International Law
			4.2 Soft Law Instruments on Artificial Intelligence
			4.3 The Need for Hard Legal Instruments on Artificial Intelligence
			4.4 State Sovereignty and Artificial Intelligence
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Understanding Children’s Participation Rights Through a Postdigital Epistemology of Silence
		1 Introduction
		2 Social Epistemology and an Epistemology of Silence
		3 Children’s Participation Rights
		4 A Rights-Based Postdigital Epistemology of Silence
			4.1 Testimony in Bad Faith
			4.2 Omission and Concealment
			4.3 Bullshitting and Gaslighting
			4.4 Revelatory Silence
		5 Children’s Rights and Postdigital Research
		6 Conclusion
		References
Part V: Method and Emancipation
	A Feminist Postdigital Analysis of Misogyny, Patriarchy and Violence Against Women and Girls Online
		1 Introduction
		2 The Scale of Gender-Based Violence Online
		3 A Feminist Conceptual, Descriptive, and Analytical Definition of Misogyny
			3.1 Patriarchal Enforcement Mechanisms
			3.2 Explaining the Systemic Nature of Misogyny: An Epistemic Analysis
		4 Keeping Patriarchy in Check by Digital Acts and Legislative Means
		5 The Code of Practice
			5.1 Responsibility, Risk Assessment and Remediation
			5.2 Safety by Design
		6 Conclusion
		References
	Images of Incoming: A Critical Account of a (Mostly) Postdigital Photovoice Project with Rural Migrant Women in Northern Ireland and Canada
		1 Prologue
		2 Background
		3 Theoretical Frameworks
			3.1 Postdigital Democratic Research
			3.2 Critical Pedagogy
			3.3 Arts-Based Approaches
		4 Methodology
			4.1 Research Paradigm
			4.2 Data Analysis
		5 Findings
			5.1 Participants’ Commentaries
			5.2 Meta-analysis
				5.2.1 Delivering the Project: Critical Pedagogy and Co-research
				5.2.2 Postdigital Teaching and Research: Challenges and Opportunities
				5.2.3 Postdigital Partnership Working
				5.2.4 Future Directions
		6 Concluding Reflections
		References
	Future Workshops as Postdigital Research Method
		1 World Gone Mad
		2 Towards Imaginative Methodologies
		3 Future Workshop, or ‘Turning the Affected into the Involved’
		4 The Method of Future Workshop
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Understanding Digital Inequality: A Theoretical Kaleidoscope
		1 Introduction
			1.1 Why Does Digital Inequality Matter?
			1.2 Why Different Theories to Understand Digital Inequalities?
		2 A Theoretical Kaleidoscope
			2.1 Why a Collaborative Piece?
			2.2 A Brief Overview of the Theories Presented to Craft the Kaleidoscope
		3 The Kaleidoscope of Theories to Study Digital Inequality
			3.1 Human Development and Capability Theory (Su-Ming Khoo)
				3.1.1 Some Useful Examples
			3.2 Theory of Practice (Laura Czerniewicz)
				3.2.1 Some Useful Examples
			3.3 Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) (Warren Lilley)
				3.3.1 Some Useful Examples
			3.4 Affective Inequality and Affective Injustice (Aisling Crean)
				3.4.1 Some Useful Examples
			3.5 Resources Appropriation Theory (Swati Bute)
				3.5.1 Some Useful Examples
			3.6 Critical Pedagogy and Digital Liberation: A Freirean Approach (Sandra Abegglen, Tom Burns, and Sandra Sinfield)
				3.6.1 Some Useful Examples
				3.6.2 Tripartite Justice (Caroline Kuhn)
				3.6.3 Some Useful Examples
				3.6.4 Critical Realism and Realist Social Theory (Caroline Kuhn)
				3.6.5 Some Useful Examples
		4 Discussion
		5 Conclusion
		6 Open Review 1: The Glitter and Gloom of Kaleidoscope Research (Petar Jandrić)
		7 Open Review 2: David Brewster’s Kaleidoscope: Precision and ‘Supercomplexity’ (Jeremy Knox)
		8 Open Review 3: Not the Observation of ‘Beautiful’ Forms, But How to Undertake a Theoretical Kaleidoscope of Inequality (Alison MacKenzie)
		References
Afterword: A Study of Growth
	Introduction
	Taking a Position
	Expanding the Focus
		Postdigital Positionality: Multiple Theories, Extending and Combining
		Constructing Postdigital Research: Multidisciplinarity, Complexity, Expansion, and Immersion
		Postdigital Data and Algorithms: What’s Missing and What Might Be Lost in the Mass of Data?
		Exclusions and Inclusions: Triggering Needs for More Theory, Legislation, and Teaching
		Method and Emancipation: Survival Skills, Imagination, and a Kaleidoscope of Methodologies
	Repositioning
		Learning When Metaphors Break Down
		Speculating When Exponential Growth Will Break Down
References
Index