Computer Organisation and Architecture

Title
Contents
1. Introduction to Computer Architecture
	1.1 What is a Computer?
		1.1 A Basic Computer
	1.2 Structure of a Typical Desktop Computer
		1.3 Computers are Dumb Machines
		1.4 The Language of Instructions
		1.5 Instruction Set Design
		1.6 How to Ensure that an ISA is Complete?
		1.7 Design of Practical Machines
		1.8 The Road Ahead
		Summary
		Further Reading
		Exercises
PART I ARCHITECTURE: SOFTWARE INTERFACE
	2. The Language of Bits
		2.1 Logical Operations
		2.2 Positive Integers
		2.3 Negative Integers
		2.4 Floating-Point Numbers
		2.5 Strings
			Summary
			Further Reading
			Exercises
	3. Assembly Language
		3.1 Why Assembly Language
		3.2 The Basics of Assembly Language
		3.3 SimpleRisc
			Summary
			Further Reading
			Exercises
	4. ARM® Assembly Language
		4.1 The Arm® Machine Model
		4.2 Basic Assembly Instructions
		4.3 Advanced Features
		4.4 Encoding The Instruction Set
			Summary
			Further Reading
			Exercises
	5. x86 Assembly Language
		5.1 Overview of the x86 Family of Assembly Languages
		5.2 x86 Machine Model
		5.3 Integer Instructions
		5.4 Floating-Point Instructions
		5.5 Encoding The x86 ISA
			Summary
			Further Reading
			Exercises
PART II ORGANISATION: PROCESSOR DESIGN
	6. Logic Gates, Registers, and Memories
		6.1 Silicon-Based Transistors
		6.2 Combinational Logic
		6.3 Sequential Logic
		6.4 Memories
			Summary
			Further Reading
			Exercises
	7. Computer Arithmetic
		7.1 Addition
		7.2 Multiplication
		7.3 Division
		7.4 Floating-Point Addition and Subtraction
		7.5 Multiplication of Floating-Point Numbers
		7.6 Division of Floating-Point Numbers
			Summary
			Further Reading
			Exercises
	8. Processor Design
		8.1 Design of a Basic Processor
		8.2 Units in a Processor
		8.3 The Control Unit
		8.4 Microprogram-Based Processor
		8.5 Microprogrammed Data Path
		8.6 Microassembly Language
		8.7 Shared Bus and Control Signals
		8.8 The Microcontrol Unit
		Summary
		Further Reading
		Exercises
	9. Principles of Pipelining
		9.1 A Pipelined Processor
		9.2 Design of a Simple Pipeline
		9.3 Pipeline Stages
		9.4 Pipeline Hazards
		9.5 Solutions in Software
		9.6 Pipeline with Interlocks
		9.7 Pipeline with Forwarding
		9.8 Support for Interrupts/Exceptions*
		9.9 Performance Metrics
		9.10 Power and Temperature Issues
		9.11 Advanced Techniques*
		Summary
			Further Reading
			Exercises
PART III ORGANISATION: SYSTEM DESIGN
	10. The Memory System
		10.1 Overview
		10.2 Caches
		10.3 The Memory System
		10.4 Virtual Memory
		Summary
			Further Reading
			Exercises
	11. Multiprocessor Systems
		11.1 Background
		11.2 Software for Multiprocessor Systems
		11.3 Design Space of Multiprocessors
		11.4 MIMD Multiprocessors
		11.5 SIMD Multiprocessors
		11.6 Interconnection Networks
		Summary
			Further Reading
			Exercises
	12. I/O and Storage Devices
		12.1 I/O System—Overview
		12.2 Physical Layer—Transmission Sublayer
		12.3 Physical Layer—Synchronisation Sublayer
		12.4 Data Link Layer
		12.5 Network Layer
		12.6 Protocol Layer
		12.7 Case Studies—I/O Protocols
		12.8 Storage
		Summary
			Further Reading
			Exercises
PART IV APPENDIX
	Appendix A Case Studies of Real Processors
		A.1 ARM® Processors
		A.2 AMD® Processors
		A.3 Intel® Processors
	Appendix B Graphics Processors
		B.1 Overview
		B.2 NVIDIA® Tesla® Architecture
		B.3 Streaming Multiprocessor (Sm)
		B.4 Computation on a GPU
		B.5 CUDA Programs
Index