Comprehensive Hard Materials volume 1 Hardmetals

Front Cover
......Page 1
COMPREHENSIVE HARD MATERIALS......Page 4
Copyright
......Page 5
Contents
......Page 6
Preface
......Page 10
Editor-in-Chief
......Page 12
Volume Editors
......Page 14
List of Contributors
......Page 16
Section 1 - INTRODUCTION TO
HARDMETALS
......Page 22
1.01.1 Introduction to Hardmetals—Definitions and Classification......Page 24
1.01.2 History of Hardmetals......Page 25
1.01.3 Alloyed WC-Hardmetals and Patent Controversies......Page 40
1.01.4 The Coating of Hardmetals......Page 41
1.01.5 Cermets......Page 43
1.01.6 Cutting Tool Materials, Ceramic and Ultrahard......Page 44
1.01.7 A Short Survey of the Literature of Hardmetals and Hard Materials......Page 45
1.01.8 Conclusion......Page 46
References......Page 47
1.02.1 Introduction......Page 50
1.02.2 Metallurgy of Hardmetals......Page 53
References......Page 0
1.02.4 Functional Gradient Hardmetals......Page 63
Acknowledgments......Page 109
Website Resources......Page 110
1.13.1 Introduction......Page 406
1.06.2 Other Refractory Carbide Species......Page 112
1.06.3 Titanium Carbonitride......Page 228
1.10.4 Strength and Critical Defects......Page 348
Section 2
- CLASSES OF MATERIALS......Page 142
1.04.1 Introduction......Page 144
1.04.2 Processing of Cemented WC......Page 145
1.04.3 Mechanical Properties and the Role of Microstructure in Cemented WC......Page 148
1.04.4 Industrial Applications......Page 155
Section 3 - SYNTHESIS AND
PROCESSING
......Page 204
1.06.1 Tungsten Carbide......Page 206
1.06.4 Cobalt......Page 229
References......Page 230
1.07.2 Hardmetal Compositions......Page 235
1.07.3 Tungsten Carbide Powder......Page 238
1.07.4 Powder Selection......Page 240
1.07.6 Production of Dried Powder......Page 243
1.07.7 Green Shaping......Page 247
1.07.8 Environmental, Health and Safety......Page 255
1.09.3 Hardness......Page 295
1.08.4 Microstructures and Microstructure Development......Page 263
1.08.5 Solution-Reprecipitation......Page 274
1.08.8 Practical Consolidation Cycles......Page 281
1.08.9 Computer Simulation......Page 282
1.08.10 Summary......Page 283
References......Page 284
Section 4 - MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
......Page 286
1.09 - Hardness and Deformation of Hardmetals at Room Temperature......Page 288
1.09.4 Elastic Moduli and Deformation Behavior......Page 310
References......Page 316
1.10 - Fracture and Strength of Hardmetals at Room Temperature......Page 322
1.10.1 Introduction......Page 324
References......Page 360
1.18.1 Overview of Laser Processes for Surface Modifications Using Feedstock Materials......Page 366
1.11.2 Strength Degradation under Cyclic Loads......Page 367
1.11.3 Fatigue Crack Growth......Page 371
1.11.5 Final Remarks......Page 379
Acknowledgments......Page 380
1.12.1 Introduction......Page 384
1.12.2 Main Types of Wear......Page 385
1.13.3 Bulk Thermal Residual Microstresses......Page 414
1.14.5 Deformation of Cemented Carbides: General Discussion......Page 433
1.14.6 Model of the Life of Carbide Tools......Page 393
1.12.7 Scratch Experiments as Models of Single-Point Abrasion......Page 394
1.12.8 Wear of Cermets and Surface-Modified WC/CO Carbides......Page 396
1.13.4 Interaction with External Loads......Page 417
References......Page 424
1.14 - Mechanical Behavior of Hardmetals at High Temperature......Page 426
1.14.4 Evolution of Mechanical Properties with Temperature......Page 428
References......Page 441
Section 5 - Applications
......Page 444
1.15.2 Special Features of Applications of WC–Co Cemented Carbides in Mining, Construction and as Wear Parts......Page 447
1.18.3 Historical Development of Laser Cladding......Page 534
1.15.4 Basic Industrial Cemented Carbides for Wear Parts......Page 461
References......Page 469
List of Relevant Websites......Page 472
1.16.3 PVD Hard Coatings......Page 478
1.16.4 Posttreatment......Page 485
1.17 - Coatings by Thermal Spray......Page 492
1.17.4 Hardmetal Compositions for Thermal Spray Coatings......Page 500
1.17.6 Processes during Spraying and Coating Formation......Page 505
1.17.7 Coating Characterization Methods......Page 510
1.17.8 Coating Microstructures and Properties......Page 514
1.17.9 Applications......Page 522
References......Page 523
1.18.5 Materials and Interactions......Page 537
1.18.6 Methods of Coating Characterization......Page 539
1.18.7 Hard Phase Feedstock Materials......Page 540
References......Page 544
1.19.1 Introduction......Page 548
1.19.2 Joining Processes......Page 550