Composites

Volume 21, Composites......Page 1
Publication Information and Contributors......Page 2
Introduction to Composites......Page 39
Introduction to Constituent Materials......Page 67
Introduction to Reinforcing Fibers......Page 70
Glass Fibers......Page 77
Carbon Fibers......Page 92
Aramid Fibers......Page 107
Ceramic Fibers......Page 119
Discontinuous Reinforcements for Metal-Matrix Composites......Page 130
Continuous Fiber Reinforcements for Metal-Matrix Composites......Page 138
Fabrics and Preforms......Page 146
Braiding......Page 171
Epoxy Resins......Page 195
Polyester Resins......Page 223
Bismaleimide Resins......Page 244
Polyimide Resins......Page 263
Phenolic Resins......Page 309
Cyanate Ester Resins......Page 324
Thermoplastic Resins......Page 339
Molding Compounds......Page 361
Metallic Matrices......Page 380
Ceramic Matrices......Page 406
Carbon Matrices......Page 416
Interfaces and Interphases......Page 424
Lightweight Structural Cores......Page 450
Bio-Based Resins and Natural Fibers......Page 459
Introduction to Engineering Mechanics, Analysis, and Design......Page 484
Micromechanics......Page 486
Macromechanics Analysis of Laminate Properties......Page 507
Characterizing Strength from a Structural Design Perspective......Page 565
Fracture Mechanics of Composite Delamination......Page 589
Hygrothermal Behavior......Page 604
Fatigue and Life Prediction......Page 616
Damping Properties......Page 632
Bolted and Bonded Joints......Page 663
Instability Considerations......Page 710
Damage Tolerance......Page 723
Out-of-Plane Analysis......Page 737
Analysis of Sandwich Structures......Page 749
Finite Element Analysis......Page 780
Computer Programs......Page 814
Testing and Analysis Correlation......Page 835
Design Criteria......Page 856
Design Allowables......Page 871
Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing......Page 883
Design, Tooling, and Manufacturing Interaction......Page 900
Cost Analysis......Page 912
Rapid Prototyping......Page 921
Design Guidelines......Page 934
Engineering Mechanics and Analysis of Metal-Matrix Composites......Page 952
Fracture Analysis of Fiber-Reinforced Ceramic-Matrix Composites......Page 980
Introduction to Manufacturing of Polymer-Matrix Composites......Page 1010
Process Modeling......Page 1013
Composite Tooling......Page 1040
Electroformed Nickel Tooling......Page 1057
Elastomeric Tooling......Page 1066
Open Molding: Hand Lay-Up and Spray-Up......Page 1075
Custom Sailing Yacht Design and Manufacture......Page 1091
Prepreg and Ply Cutting......Page 1110
Manual Prepreg Lay-Up......Page 1120
Fiber Placement......Page 1135
Automated Tape Laying......Page 1140
Curing......Page 1152
Resin Transfer Molding and Structural Reaction Injection Molding......Page 1163
Vacuum Infusion......Page 1184
Compression Molding......Page 1221
Filament Winding......Page 1266
Pultrusion......Page 1300
Tube Rolling......Page 1331
Thermoplastic Composites Manufacturing......Page 1343
Processing of Metal-Matrix Composites......Page 1359
Processing of Ceramic-Matrix Composites......Page 1385
Processing of Carbon-Carbon Composites......Page 1411
Introduction to Post-Processing and Assembly......Page 1443
Machining, Trimming, and Routing of Polymer-Matrix Composites......Page 1444
Secondary Adhesive Bonding of Polymer-Matrix Composites......Page 1451
Processing and Joining of Thermoplastic Composites......Page 1481
Hole Drilling in Polymer-Matrix Composites......Page 1508
Mechanical Fastener Selection......Page 1518
Environmental Protection and Sealing......Page 1538
Extrusion of Particle-Reinforced Aluminum Composites......Page 1553
Post-Processing and Assembly of Ceramic-Matrix Composites......Page 1557
Introduction to Quality Assurance......Page 1576
Resin Properties Analysis......Page 1579
Tooling and Assembly Quality Control......Page 1584
Reinforcing Material Lay-Up Quality Control......Page 1590
Cure Monitoring and Control......Page 1604
Nondestructive Testing......Page 1621
Quality Assurance of Metal-Matrix Composites......Page 1687
Introduction to Testing and Certification......Page 1699
Overview of Testing and Certification......Page 1700
Test Program Planning......Page 1713
Constituent Materials Testing......Page 1731
Lamina and Laminate Nonmechanical Testing......Page 1751
Lamina and Laminate Mechanical Testing......Page 1765
Element and Subcomponent Testing......Page 1794
Full-Scale Structural Testing......Page 1828
Properties and Performance of Polymer-Matrix Composites......Page 1841
Properties of Metal-Matrix Composites......Page 1946
Properties and Performance of Ceramic-Matrix and Carbon-Carbon Composites......Page 1995
Introduction to Product Reliability, Maintainability, and Repair......Page 2016
Designing for Repairability......Page 2017
Repair Engineering and Design Considerations......Page 2045
Repair Applications, Quality Control, and Inspection......Page 2062
Ship Structure Repairs......Page 2073
Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Structures Using Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites......Page 2088
Maintainability Issues......Page 2110
Bonded Repair of Metal Structures Using Composites......Page 2128
Worldwide Repair Standardization......Page 2148
Product Reliability, In-Service Experience, and Lessons Learned......Page 2153
Introduction to Failure Analysis......Page 2182
Failure Causes......Page 2185
Failure Analysis Procedures......Page 2188
Visual Analysis, Nondestructive Testing, and Destructive Testing......Page 2200
Microscopy......Page 2214
Thermal Analysis......Page 2235
Fractography......Page 2242
Case Histories......Page 2265
Fatigue Properties and Quantitative Fractography of Metal-Matrix Composites......Page 2278
Failure Analysis of Ceramic-Matrix Composites......Page 2290
Recycling and Disposal of Polymer-Matrix Composites......Page 2297
Recycling and Disposal of Metal-Matrix Composites......Page 2313
Introduction to Applications......Page 2321
Automotive Applications......Page 2322
Automotive Applications of Metal-Matrix Composites......Page 2341
Space Applications......Page 2350
Aeronautical Applications of Metal-Matrix Composites......Page 2375
High-Temperature Applications......Page 2388
Aircraft Applications......Page 2407
Applications of Carbon-Carbon Composites......Page 2427
Sports and Recreation Equipment Applications......Page 2434
Thermal Management and Electronic Packaging Applications......Page 2449
Marine Applications......Page 2465
Civil Infrastructure Applications......Page 2482
Applications of Ceramic-Matrix Composites......Page 2503
Glossary of Terms......Page 2525
Abbreviations, Symbols, and Tradenames......Page 2588