Compendium of Meteorology: Prepared under the Direction of the Committee on the Compendium of Meteorology

Front Matter....Pages i-ix
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
The Composition of Atmospheric Air....Pages 3-10
Front Matter....Pages 11-11
Solar Radiant Energy and its Modification by the Earth and its Atmosphere....Pages 13-33
Long-Wave Radiation....Pages 34-49
Actinometric Measurements....Pages 50-57
Front Matter....Pages 59-59
General Meteorological Optics....Pages 61-78
Polarization of Skylight....Pages 79-90
Visibility in Meteorology....Pages 91-97
Front Matter....Pages 99-99
Universal Aspects of Atmospheric Electricity....Pages 101-119
Ions in the Atmosphere....Pages 120-127
Precipitation Electricity....Pages 128-135
The Lightning Discharge....Pages 136-143
Instruments and Methods for the Measurement of Atmospheric Electricity....Pages 144-154
Radioactivity of the Atmosphere....Pages 155-161
Front Matter....Pages 163-163
On the Physics of Clouds and Precipitation....Pages 165-181
Nuclei of Atmospheric Condensation....Pages 182-191
The Physics of Ice Clouds and Mixed Clouds....Pages 192-198
Thermodynamics of Clouds....Pages 199-206
The Formation of Ice Crystals....Pages 207-220
Snow and its Relationship to Experimental Meteorology....Pages 221-234
Relation of Artificial Cloud-Modification to the Production of Precipitation....Pages 235-241
Front Matter....Pages 243-243
General Aspects of Upper Atmospheric Physics....Pages 245-261
Photochemical Processes in the Upper Atmosphere and Resultant Composition....Pages 262-274
Ozone in the Atmosphere....Pages 275-291
Radiative Temperature Changes in the Ozone Layer....Pages 292-302
Temperatures and Pressures in the Upper Atmosphere....Pages 303-310
Water Vapour in the Upper Air....Pages 311-319
Diffusion in the Upper Atmosphere....Pages 320-333
The Ionosphere....Pages 334-340
Night-Sky Radiations from the Upper Atmosphere....Pages 341-346
Aurorae and Magnetic Storms....Pages 347-355
Meteors as Probes of the Upper Atmosphere....Pages 356-365
Sound Propagation in the Atmosphere....Pages 366-375
Front Matter....Pages 377-377
Solar Energy Variations as a Possible Cause of Anomalous Weather Changes....Pages 379-390
The Atmospheres of the Other Planets....Pages 391-398
Front Matter....Pages 399-399
The Perturbation Equations in Meteorology....Pages 401-420
The Solution of Nonlinear Meteorological Problems by the Method of Characteristics....Pages 421-433
Hydrodynamic Instability....Pages 434-453
Stability Properties of Large-Scale Atmospheric Disturbances....Pages 454-463
The Quantitative Theory of Cyclone Development....Pages 464-469
Dynamic Forecasting by Numerical Process....Pages 470-482
Front Matter....Pages 399-399
Energy Equations....Pages 483-491
Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion....Pages 492-509
Atmospheric Tides and Oscillations....Pages 510-530
Application of the Thermodynamics of Open Systems to Meteorology....Pages 531-538
Front Matter....Pages 539-539
The Physical Basis for the General Circulation....Pages 541-550
Observational Studies of General Circulation Patterns....Pages 551-567
Applications of Energy Principles to the General Circulation....Pages 568-574
Front Matter....Pages 575-575
Extratropical Cyclones....Pages 577-598
The Aerology of Extratropical Disturbances....Pages 599-620
Anticyclones....Pages 621-629
Mechanism of Pressure Change....Pages 630-638
Large-Scale Vertical Velocity and Divergence....Pages 639-646
The Instability Line....Pages 647-652
Front Matter....Pages 653-653
Local Winds....Pages 655-672
Tornadoes and Related Phenomena....Pages 673-680
Thunderstorms....Pages 681-693
Cumulus Convection and Entrainment....Pages 694-701
Front Matter....Pages 703-703
World Weather Network....Pages 705-710
Models and Techniques of Synoptic Representation....Pages 711-714
Meteorological Analysis in the Middle Latitudes....Pages 715-727
Front Matter....Pages 729-729
The Forecast Problem....Pages 731-746
Short-Range Weather Forecasting....Pages 747-765
A Procedure of Short-Range Weather Forecasting....Pages 766-795
Objective Weather Forecasting....Pages 796-801
General Aspects of Extended-Range Forecasting....Pages 802-813
Extended-Range Weather Forecasting....Pages 814-833
Extended-Range Forecasting by Weather Types....Pages 834-840
Verification of Weather Forecasts....Pages 841-848
Application of Statistical Methods to Weather Forecasting....Pages 849-855
Front Matter....Pages 857-857
Tropical Meteorology....Pages 859-880
Equatorial Meteorology....Pages 881-886
Tropical Cyclones....Pages 887-901
Aerology of Tropical Storms....Pages 902-913
Front Matter....Pages 915-915
Antarctic Atmospheric Circulation....Pages 917-941
Arctic Meteorology....Pages 942-951
Some Climatological Problems of the Arctic and Sub-Arctic....Pages 952-964
Front Matter....Pages 965-965
Climate—The Synthesis of Weather....Pages 967-975
Applied Climatology....Pages 976-992
Microclimatology....Pages 993-1003
Geological and Historical Aspects of Climatic Change....Pages 1004-1018
Front Matter....Pages 965-965
Climatic Implications of Glacier Research....Pages 1019-1023
Tree-Ring Indices of Rainfall, Temperature, and River Flow....Pages 1024-1029
Front Matter....Pages 1031-1031
Hydrometeorology in the United States....Pages 1033-1047
The Hydrologic Cycle and Its Relation to Meteorology—River Forecasting....Pages 1048-1054
Front Matter....Pages 1055-1055
Large-Scale Aspects of Energy Transformation over the Oceans....Pages 1057-1070
Evaporation from the Oceans....Pages 1071-1081
Forecasting Ocean Waves....Pages 1082-1089
Ocean Waves as a Meteorological Tool....Pages 1090-1100
Front Matter....Pages 1101-1101
Aerobiology....Pages 1103-1111
Physical Aspects of Human Bioclimatology....Pages 1112-1125
Some Problems of Atmospheric Chemistry....Pages 1126-1136
Front Matter....Pages 1137-1137
Atmospheric Pollution....Pages 1139-1157
Front Matter....Pages 1159-1159
The Classification of Cloud Forms....Pages 1161-1166
The Use of Clouds in Forecasting....Pages 1167-1178
Fog....Pages 1179-1189
Physical and Operational Aspects of Aircraft Icing....Pages 1190-1196
Meteorological Aspects of Aircraft Icing....Pages 1197-1203
Front Matter....Pages 1205-1205
Instruments and Techniques for Meteorological Measurements....Pages 1207-1222
Aircraft Meteorological Instruments....Pages 1223-1231
Front Matter....Pages 1233-1233
Experimental Analogies to Atmospheric Motions....Pages 1235-1248
Front Matter....Pages 1233-1233
Model Techniques in Meteorological Research....Pages 1249-1254
Experimental Cloud Formation....Pages 1255-1262
Front Matter....Pages 1263-1263
Radar Storm Observation....Pages 1265-1282
Theory and Observation of Radar Storm Detection....Pages 1283-1289
Meteorological Aspects of Propagation Problems....Pages 1290-1296
Sferics....Pages 1297-1300
Front Matter....Pages 1301-1301
Observations and Theory of Microseisms....Pages 1303-1311
Practical Application of Microseisms to Forecasting....Pages 1312-1315
Back Matter....Pages 1317-1334