Cognitive Computing and Cyber Physical Systems: Third EAI International Conference, IC4S 2022, Virtual Event, November 26-27, 2022, Proceedings

Preface
Organization
Contents
Machine Learning and Its Applications
SQL Injection and Its Detection Using Machine Learning Algorithms and BERT
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Types of SQL Injection attacks
		1.2 Fighting SQLi Attacks
		1.3 Organization of the Paper
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Data Acquisition
		3.2 Data Preprocessing
		3.3 Machine Learning Algorithms
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Solar Energy Prediction using Machine Learning with Support Vector Regression Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Linear Regression
		2.2 Lasso Regression
		2.3 Ridge Regression
		2.4 Support Vector Regression
		2.5 Purpose
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Price Estimation of Used Cars Using Machine Learning Algorithms
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Dataset Description and Sample Data
	4 Methodology
	5 Result and Discussion
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Machine Learning Framework for Identification of Abnormal EEG Signal
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Data Collection
		3.2 Data Preprocessing
		3.3 Multilevel Wavelet Decomposition
		3.4 Feature Extraction
		3.5 Classification of Abnormal EEG
		3.6 Performance Parameters
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	References
Alzheimer’s Disease Detection Using Ensemble of Classifiers
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods for Detection of Alzheimer’s
	3 Proposed Method Using Ensemble Classifier
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Cyber Security and Networking
Publishing Data Objects in Data Aware Networking
	1 Introduction to Data Aware Networking
	2 Major Components in DAN System
	3 Header of a Named Data Object
	4 Building a Named Data Object
	5 Publishing a Named Data Object
	6 Conclusion
	References
YouTube Comment Analysis Using Lexicon Based Techniques
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Content Creation
		1.2 YouTube Revolution
		1.3 Contributions
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Machine Learning Models
		2.2 NLP Based Algorithms
	3 Data Collection
		3.1 YouTube API
		3.2 Web Scrapping
		3.3 YouTube API
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Extraction of Comments
		4.2 Classification
		4.3 Summarization
		4.4 Dashboard
		4.5 Extensions
		4.6 Rank
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Information Theoretic Heuristics to Find the Minimal SOP Expression Considering Don’t Care Using Binary Decision Diagrams
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Entropy
		1.2 Information
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Quine-Mccluskey
		2.2 Binary Decision Diagram (BDD)
	3 Methodology
	4 Algorithm
		4.1 Creating BDD
		4.2 Reduction of BDD
		4.3 Variable Ordering Using Entropy
		4.4 Binate Select
		4.5 Merging
	5 Example Considered for Study
	6 Simulation Results
		6.1 Boolean Expression with the DC
		6.2 Expressions Considered for 3 and 4 Variables (with & Without DC)
		6.3 Graphical Representation of Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
Image Processing
Single Image Dehazing Through Feed Forward Artificial Neural Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Atmospheric Light Estimation
		3.2 Transmission Map Estimation
		3.3 Transmission Map Refinement
	4 Simulation Results
		4.1 Subjective Analysis
		4.2 Objective Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Performance Evaluation of Multiwavelet Transform for Single Image Dehazing
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Image Model
		3.2 Sub-band Image Model
	4 Simulation Results
		4.1 Subjective Analysis
		4.2 Objective Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Performance Evaluation of Fast DCP Algorithm for Single Image Dehazing
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Down-Sampling Based Computation
		3.2 Assessment Dark Channel Image Through Element-Wise
		3.3 Estimation of Robust Ambient Light
	4 Simulation Analysis
		4.1 Subjective Analysis
		4.2 Objective Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Non Destructive Analysis of Crack Using Image Processing, Ultrasonic and IRT: A Critical Review and Analysis
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Scanning Electron Microscopy
		1.2 Infrared Thermography
		1.3 Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
		1.4 3Dimensional Terrestrial Laser Scanners
		1.5 Image Processing
	2 Related Work
	3 Method
		3.1 Image Based Crack Detection
		3.2 Accuracy Based Analysis
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
IoT Applications
IoT Enabled Driver Compatible Cost-Effective System for Drowsiness Detection with Optimized Response Time
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Image Acquisition
		2.2 Dividing into Frames
		2.3 Face Detection
		2.4 Computing the Euclidean Distances and Expression for Ear He Facial Landmarks Predictor
		2.5 Set Unique Threshold Value
		2.6 Set Image Region of Interest
		2.7 Visualization of Eye Regions on a Frame et Image Region of Interest
		2.8 Drowsiness Alert Based on Eye Aspect Ratio
	3 Implementation
	4 Result and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Voice Based Objects Detection for Visually Challenged Using Active RFID Technology
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Propose Methodology
		3.1 Testing Method
	4 Implementation and Results
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Depth Estimation and Navigation Route Planning for Mobile Robots Based on Stereo Camera
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Stereo Calibration
		2.2 Stereo Rectification
		2.3 Stereo Synchronization
		2.4 Disparity
		2.5 Disparity Map
		2.6 Stereo Correspondence
		2.7 Total Absolute Differences
		2.8 Distance Evolution
		2.9 Physical Mapping and Navigation Route Planning
	3 Result and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Water Level Forecasting in Reservoirs Using Time Series Analysis – Auto ARIMA Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Chennai City's Reservoirs Data
	3 Time Series Analysis
	4 ARIMA
		4.1 Auto Regression (AR)
		4.2 Integrated (I)
		4.3 Moving Averages (MA)
	5 Data Preparation
		5.1 Ad-Fuller Test
	6 Training Arima Model
		6.1 Experiments
	7 Auto ARIMA
	8 Evaluation
	9 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Water Quality Monitoring Using Remote Control Boat
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Working
	4 Results
	5 Discussions
	6 Conclusions
	References
Smart City Eco-System and Communications
Study of Smart City Compatible Monolithic Quantum Well Photodetector
	1 Introduction
	2 Design of MQWIP
	3 Performance Evaluation
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusion
	References
Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for 5G Applications at n77 and n78 Bands
	1 Introduction
	2 Frequency Reconfigurable 5G Antenna Design
		2.1 5G Antenna Design
	3 Parametric Study
		3.1 W1, W2, W4, L3 and L4 Dimensions Parametric Study
	4 Results and Discussions
		4.1 Reflection Coefficient Comparison for OFF and ON Conditions
		4.2 VSWR Comparison for OFF and ON Conditions
		4.3 2D and 3D Radiation Patterns Comparison for OFF and ON Conditions
		4.4 Surface Current Distribution Comparison for OFF and ON Conditions
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Acoustic Channel Model Characteristics in Deep-Sea Water
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Channel Model
		3.1 Sound Velocity
		3.2 Propagation Loss of Sound
		3.3 Absorption Coefficient
		3.4 Absorption Loss
		3.5 Transmission Loss
	4 Implementation Parameters
	5 Simulation Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Comprehensive Review on Channel Estimation Methods for Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems
	1 Introduction and Background
	2 Characteristics of mmWave Communications
	3 Massive MIMO for Millimeter Wave Systems
	4 Techniques for Estimating Channels in Hybrid Architecture Systems
	5 Conclusion
	References
Comparison of Acoustic Channel Characteristics in Shallow and Deep-Sea Water
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Sound Velocity
		3.2 Propagation Loss of Sound
		3.3 Absorption Coefficient
		3.4 Absorption Loss
		3.5 Transmission Loss
	4 Implementation Parameters
	5 Simulation Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Author Index