Clinician’s Handbook of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Title Page......Page 2
Copyright Page......Page 3
Table of Contents......Page 5
Dedication......Page 7
Preface......Page 8
Contributors......Page 9
History......Page 14
Physical Examination......Page 18
Assessment and Plan......Page 30
Organization of Hospitals......Page 31
Attending Staff and Clinical Privileges......Page 33
Medical Records......Page 34
Admitting Note......Page 35
Admitting Orders......Page 36
Preoperative Note......Page 38
Preoperative Orders......Page 40
Operative Note......Page 41
Postoperative Orders......Page 42
Postoperative Note......Page 44
Progress Notes......Page 45
Discharge Summary......Page 47
Discharge Orders......Page 49
Hematology......Page 51
Blood Chemistry Tests......Page 59
Coagulation......Page 66
Urinalysis......Page 67
Microbiology......Page 70
Special Tests......Page 73
Blood Gases......Page 75
Plain Film Studies......Page 78
Nuclear Scans......Page 85
Ultrasound......Page 87
Computed Tomography (CT) Scans......Page 88
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)......Page 89
Imaging of the Head and Neck......Page 90
Electrical Pathway......Page 94
Normal ECG Wave (Fig 5-2)......Page 95
Lead Placement......Page 96
ECG Abnormalities......Page 99
Basic Considerations......Page 125
Fluids......Page 127
Electrolyte Abnormalities......Page 134
Postoperative Fluid and Electrolyte Management......Page 147
Transfusion Guidelines......Page 148
Nutrients......Page 152
Nutritional Assessment......Page 154
Normal Daily Requirements......Page 157
Guidelines for Hospital Nutrition......Page 162
Feeding Methods......Page 165
Selection of Donors......Page 173
Autologous Transfusions......Page 174
Changes During Storage of Whole Blood......Page 175
Complications Associated with Blood Transfusions......Page 176
Transfusion of Blood and Blood Components......Page 179
Coagulation Disorders......Page 182
Evaluation of Blood Coagulation......Page 184
Hemophilia A......Page 188
von Willebrand Disease......Page 189
Peripheral Venous Cannulation......Page 191
Venous Cutdown......Page 192
Central Venous Cannulation (Subclavian Vein)......Page 193
Intraosseous Vascular Access......Page 195
Arterial Line (A-Line) Placement......Page 196
Nasogastric Tube Placement......Page 197
Chest Tube Placement......Page 198
Urinary Catheterization......Page 200
Lumbar Puncture......Page 202
Tracheotomy......Page 203
Control of Epistaxis......Page 205
Cardiovascular Disease......Page 207
Respiratory Disease......Page 213
Renal Disease......Page 219
Liver Disease......Page 222
Blood Disorders......Page 223
Endocrine Diseases......Page 233
Immunocompromised Patients......Page 239
Neurologic Disease......Page 241
Basic Cardiac Life Support (BCLS)......Page 244
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)......Page 247
Other Medical Emergencies......Page 262
Fever......Page 281
Hemorrhage......Page 290
Cardiac Complications......Page 291
Renal Complications......Page 295
Nausea and Vomiting (see also page 219)......Page 298
Wound Care......Page 299
Pain......Page 300
Complications Associated with Local Anesthesia......Page 301
Complications of Dentoalveolar Surgery......Page 308
Patient Evaluation......Page 319
Sedative/Anesthetic Complications......Page 324
Reversal Agents......Page 335
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting......Page 336
Recovery/Discharge......Page 337
Establishing a Differential Diagnosis......Page 338
Intraoperative and Postoperative Management of Cysts......Page 349
Intraoperative and Postoperative Management of Tumors......Page 350
Complications and Their Management......Page 351
Initial Evaluation......Page 353
Specific Management Considerations......Page 354
Soft Tissue Injuries......Page 362
Management of Specialized Structures......Page 366
Fractures of the Facial Skeleton......Page 370
Initial Evaluation (Quick Survey)......Page 392
Diagnostic Workup......Page 394
Laboratory Studies......Page 396
Culture and Antibiotic Sensitivity Testing......Page 399
Principles of Infection Management......Page 401
Infectious Clinical Syndromes......Page 410
Special Orofacial Infections......Page 417
Considerations in the Pregnant or Lactating Patient with Infections......Page 422
Indications for Bisphosphonate Use......Page 423
Clinical Presentation of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw......Page 424
Risk Factors for BRONJ......Page 426
Management and Treatment of BRONJ......Page 427
Dentofacial Deformities......Page 432
Facial Clefting......Page 440
Craniofacial Abnormalities......Page 442
Clinical History......Page 450
Physical Examination......Page 451
Preoperative Workup......Page 452
Salivary Gland Diseases......Page 456
Rarities......Page 465
Pathologic Conditions Involving the TMJ......Page 471
Pathologic Conditions Involving the Muscles of Mastication......Page 481
Mechanisms of Injury......Page 482
Classification......Page 483
Diagnosis of Nerve Injuries......Page 484
Treatment of Nerve Injuries......Page 490
Specific Clinical Situations......Page 496
The Diagnostic Maxims......Page 500
Differential Diagnosis of White Oral Lesions......Page 501
Differential Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Ulcers......Page 511
Vesiculoulcerative, Erosive, and Desquamative Conditions......Page 517
Oral Mucosal Masses or Nodules......Page 534
The Significance of Specific Radiographic Findings......Page 541
Relationship of Radiographic Finding to Adjacent Structures......Page 551
History......Page 564
Vital Signs......Page 569
Diagnostic Imaging Studies......Page 572
Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy......Page 574
Treatment......Page 575
Appendix......Page 578
Index......Page 584