Clinical Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, and Neuroanatomy - An Integrated Textbook (Nov 30, 2022)_(1626234116)_(Thieme Medical Publishers).pdf

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Clinical Anatomy, Histology, Em - Jamie C. Wikenheiser
	Front Matter
	Introductory Concepts and Imaging Techniques
		Introductory Concepts and Imaging Techniques
	1 Back
		1 Back
			1.1 Overview of the Back
			1.2 Surface Anatomy
			1.3 Vertebral Column
			1.4 Structure of the Vertebrae
			1.5 Region Specifics of the Vertebrae
				1.5.1 Cervical Vertebrae
				1.5.2 Thoracic Vertebrae
				1.5.3 Lumbar Vertebrae
				1.5.4 Sacrum
				1.5.5 Coccyx
			1.6 Ligaments of the Vertebral Column
			1.7 Joints of the Vertebral Column
				1.7.1 Intervertebral (IV) Joints
				1.7.2 Zygapophyseal (Facet) Joints
				1.7.3 Atlanto-occipital Joints
				1.7.4 Atlanto-axial Joints
				1.7.5 Uncovertebral Joints (of Luschka)
			1.8 Mobility of the Vertebral Column
			1.9 Neurovasculature of the Vertebral Column
			1.10 Spinal Cord and Meninges
				1.10.1 Spinal Cord
				1.10.2 Spinal Meninges
			1.11 Muscles of the Back
				1.11.1 Extrinsic Back Muscles
				1.11.2 Intrinsic Back Muscles
				1.11.3 Suboccipital Triangle
			1.12 Development of the Vertebral Column and Back Region
	2 Thorax
		2 Thorax
			2.1 Thoracic Wall
			2.2 Surface Anatomy of the Thoracic Wall
			2.3 Skeleton of the Thoracic Wall
				2.3.1 Sternum
				2.3.2 Ribs and Costal Cartilage
				2.3.3 Thoracic Vertebrae
			2.4 Development of the Ribs and Sternum
			2.5 Apertures of the Thorax
			2.6 Thoracic Wall Joints
			2.7 Thoracic Wall Fascia
			2.8 Thoracic Wall Muscles
			2.9 Thoracic Wall Movements
			2.10 Thoracic Wall Neurovasculature
				2.10.1 Branches of a Typical Intercostal Nerve
				2.10.2 Characteristics of Atypical Intercostal Nerves
			2.11 Thoracic Wall Blood Supply
			2.12 Thoracic Wall Venous Drainage
			2.13 Breasts
				2.13.1 Structure of the Breast
				2.13.2 Neurovasculature of the Breasts
				2.13.3 Lymphatic Drainage of the Breasts
			2.14 Overview of the Mediastinum
				2.14.1 Superior Mediastinum
				2.14.2 Anterior Mediastinum
				2.14.3 Middle Mediastinum
			2.15 Development of the Heart
				2.15.1 Primary vs. Secondary Heart Fields
				2.15.2 Primary Heart Tube Formation
				2.15.3 Cardiac Looping
				2.15.4 Chamber Formation and Septation
				2.15.5 Atrioventricular Valves
				2.15.6 Semilunar Valves
				2.15.7 Conducting System
			2.16 Prenatal and Postnatal Circulation
			2.17 Posterior Mediastinum
			2.18 Pulmonary Cavities
			2.19 Pleurae
			2.20 Lungs
				2.20.1 Tracheobronchial Tree
				2.20.2 Histology of the Alveoli
				2.20.3 Blood Supply and Venous Drainage of the Lungs
				2.20.4 Lymphatic Drainage of the Lungs
				2.20.5 Innervation of the Pleura and Lungs
			2.21 Development of the Lungs
			2.22 Auscultatory Areas of the Heart and Lungs
			2.23 Radiology of the Thorax
				2.23.1 Conventional Radiograph (CR) of the Chest
				2.23.2 CT and MRI of the Thorax
				2.23.3 Additional Radiology of the Thorax
	3 Abdomen
		3 Abdomen
			3.1 Abdominal Planes, Quadrants, and Regions
			3.2 Anterolateral Abdominal Wall
				3.2.1 Muscles of the Anterolateral Wall
				3.2.2 Rectus Sheath
				3.2.3 Neurovasculature of the Anterolateral Abdominal Wall
			3.3 Inguinal Region
			3.4 Spermatic Cord and Scrotum
				3.4.1 Neurovasculature of the Scrotum
			3.5 Testes
				3.5.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Testes
				3.5.2 Histology of the Testes
			3.6 Epididymis
			3.7 Spermatogenesis and Spermiogenesis
			3.8 Development of the Inguinal Canal
			3.9 Internal Surface of the Anterolateral Abdominal Wall
			3.10 Peritoneal Cavity
			3.11 Viscera of the Abdomen
			3.12 Segmentation versus Peristalsis
			3.13 Overview of GI Tract Histology
			3.14 Esophagus
				3.14.1 Neurovasculature of the Esophagus
				3.14.1 Neurovasculature of the Esophagus
				3.14.2 Histology of the Esophagus
			3.15 Stomach
				3.15.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Stomach
				3.15.2 Histology of the Stomach
			3.16 Duodenum (First and Second Parts)
				3.16.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Duodenum (Foregut Portion)
			3.17 Liver
				3.17.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Liver
				3.17.2 Histology of the Liver
			3.18 Gallbladder
				3.18.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Gallbladder
				3.18.2 Histology of the Gallbladder
			3.19 Biliary System
			3.20 Pancreas
				3.20.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Pancreas
				3.20.2 Histology of the Pancreas
			3.21 Spleen
				3.21.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Spleen
				3.21.2 Histology of the Spleen
			3.22 Duodenum (Third and Fourth Part)
				3.22.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Duodenum (Midgut Portion)
			3.23 Jejunum and Ileum
				3.23.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Small Intestine
				3.23.2 Histology of the Small Intestine
			3.24 Large Intestine
			3.25 Cecum
			3.26 Appendix
				3.26.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Cecum and Appendix
			3.27 Ascending Colon
				3.27.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Ascending Colon
			3.28 Transverse Colon
				3.28.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Transverse Colon
			3.29 Descending Colon
				3.29.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Descending Colon
			3.30 Sigmoid Colon
				3.30.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Sigmoid Colon
			3.31 Rectum
				3.31.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Rectum
			3.32 Anal Canal
				3.32.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Anal Canal
			3.33 Histology of the Large Intestine
			3.34 Portal-Systematic Anastomoses
			3.35 Development of the GI Tract
				3.35.1 Foregut Development
				3.35.2 Midgut Development
				3.35.3 Hindgut Development
				3.35.4 The Mesenteries
			3.36 Posterior Abdominal Wall
			3.37 Diaphragm
				3.37.1 Neurovasculature of the Diaphragm
				3.37.2 Development of the Diaphragm
			3.38 Muscles of the Posterior Abdominal Wall
			3.39 Fascia of the Posterior Abdominal Wall
			3.40 Suprarenal (Adrenal) Glands
				3.40.1 Vasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Suprarenal Glands
				3.40.2 Histology of the Suprarenal Glands
			3.41 Kidneys
				3.41.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Kidneys
				3.41.2 Histology of the Kidneys
			3.42 Ureter
				3.42.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Ureters
				3.42.2 Histology of the Ureter
			3.43 Development of the Suprarenal Glands, Kidney, and Ureter
				3.43.1 Suprarenal Gland Development
				3.43.2 Kidney Development
				3.43.3 Collecting System
				3.43.4 Nephron/Excretory System
			3.44 Lumbar Plexus and Vasculature of the Posterior Abdominal Wall
			3.45 Autonomic Innervation of the GI Tract and Posterior Abdominal Wall
				3.45.1 Aortic Nerve Plexus
				3.45.2 Sympathetic Pathway to GI Tract and Posterior Abdominal Wall Viscera
				3.45.3 Sympathetic Pathway to the Medulla of the Suprarenal Gland
				3.45.4 Parasympathetic Autonomic Innervation
			3.46 Enteric Nervous System
			3.47 Visceral Sensory Innervation
			3.48 Referred Pain
			3.49 Radiology of the Abdomen
	4 Pelvis and Perineum
		4 Pelvis and Perineum
			4.1 Pelvis
			4.2 Pelvic Girdle
			4.3 Ilium
			4.4 Ischium
			4.5 Pubis
			4.6 Sacrum
			4.7 Joints and Ligaments of the Pelvic Girdle
				4.7.1 Sacroiliac Joints
				4.7.2 Pubic Symphysis
				4.7.3 Lumbosacral Joints
				4.7.4 Sacrococcygeal Joint
			4.8 Peritoneum and Peritoneal Cavity of the Pelvis
			4.9 Pelvic Cavity Walls and Floor
			4.10 Muscles of the Pelvic Walls and Floor
			4.11 Pelvic Fascia
			4.12 Pelvic Somatic Nerves
			4.13 Pelvic Autonomic Nerves
			4.14 Pelvic Blood Supply and Venous Drainage
			4.15 Lymph Nodes of the Pelvis
			4.16 Ureters
				4.16.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Ureters
				4.16.2 Histology of the Ureter
			4.17 Urinary Bladder
				4.17.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Urinary Bladder
				4.17.2 Histology of the Urinary Bladder
			4.18 Female Urethra
				4.18.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Female Urethra
				4.18.2 Histology of the Female Urethra
			4.19 Male Urethra
				4.19.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Male Urethra
				4.19.2 Histology of the Male Urethra
			4.20 Urinary Bladder and Urethra Development
			4.21 Ductus Deferens
				4.21.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Ductus Deferens
				4.21.2 Histology of the Ductus Deferens
			4.22 Seminal Glands
				4.22.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Seminal Glands
				4.22.2 Histology of the Seminal Glands
			4.23 Ejaculatory Ducts
				4.23.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Ejaculatory Ducts
			4.24 Prostate Gland
				4.24.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Prostate
				4.24.2 Histology of the Prostate
			4.25 Bulbourethral Glands
				4.25.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Bulbourethral Glands
			4.26 Genital Duct Developmentof the Male
			4.27 Ovaries
				4.27.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Ovaries
				4.27.2 Histology of the Ovaries
				4.27.3 Folliculogenesis
				4.27.4 Ovulation
				4.27.5 Corpus Luteum
			4.28 Gonad Development
			4.29 Uterine Tubes
				4.29.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Uterine Tubes
				4.29.2 Histology of the Uterine Tubes
			4.30 Uterus
				4.30.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Uterus
				4.30.2 Histology of the Uterus
				4.30.3 Menstrual Cycle
				4.30.4 Implantation
				4.30.5 Maternal Placenta
				4.30.6 Uterine Cervix
			4.31 Vagina
				4.31.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Vagina
				4.31.2 Histology of the Vagina
			4.32 Genital Duct Developmentof the Female
			4.33 Perineum
				4.33.1 Muscles of the Perineum
				4.33.2 Perineal Fasciae
				4.33.3 Perineal Pouches
			4.34 Male Perineum
				4.34.1 Penis
				4.34.2 Neurovasculature of the Penis
			4.35 Scrotum
				4.35.1 Neurovasculature of the Scrotum
			4.36 Female Perineum
				4.36.1 Neurovasculature of the Female Perineum
			4.37 External Genitalia Development
			4.38 Anal Triangle
				4.38.1 Pudendal Canal
			4.39 Anal Canal
				4.39.1 Neurovasculature and Lymphatic Drainage of the Anal Canal
			4.40 Radiology of the Pelvis
	5 Lower Extremities
		5 Lower Extremities
			5.1 Lower Extremity Overview
				5.1.1 Hip Bones
				5.1.2 Ilium
				5.1.3 Ischium
				5.1.4 Pubis
			5.2 Femur
			5.3 Patella
			5.4 Tibia
			5.5 Fibula
			5.6 Tarsus, Metatarsus, and Phalanges of the Foot
				5.6.1 Tarsus
				5.6.2 Metatarsus
				5.6.3 Phalanges
			5.7 Surface Anatomy of the Lower Extremity
			5.8 Fascia of the Lower Extremity
			5.9 Neurovasculature of the Lower Extremity
				5.9.1 Nerves of the Lower Extremity
				5.9.2 Cutaneous Nerve Innervation of the Lower Extremity
				5.9.3 Dermatomes and Myotomes of the Lower Extremity
				5.9.4 Blood Supply of Lower Extremity
				5.9.5 Venous Drainage of Lower Extremity
				5.9.6 Lymphatic Drainage of the Lower Extremity
			5.10 Lower Extremity Region Specifics
			5.11 Gluteal Region
				5.11.1 Gluteal Muscles
				5.11.2 Gluteal Region Bursae
				5.11.3 Neurovasculature of the Gluteal Region
			5.12 Hip Joint
				5.12.1 Acetabulum and Articulating Surfaces
				5.12.2 Joint Capsule
				5.12.3 Neurovasculature of the Hip Joint
			5.13 Posterior Thigh and Popliteal Fossa Regions
				5.13.1 Posterior Thigh Muscles
				5.13.2 Neurovasculature of the Posterior Thigh and Popliteal Fossa Regions
			5.14 Anterior Thigh Region
				5.14.1 Anterior Thigh Muscles
				5.14.2 Neurovasculature of the Anterior Thigh Region
			5.15 Medial Thigh Region
				5.15.1 Medial Thigh Muscles
				5.15.2 Neurovasculature of the Medial Thigh Region
			5.16 Knee Joint
				5.16.1 Articulating Surfaces
				5.16.2 Joint Capsule
				5.16.3 Extracapsular Ligaments of the Joint Capsule
				5.16.4 Intra-articular Ligaments and Menisci
				5.16.5 Bursa of the Knee Joint
				5.16.6 Neurovasculature of the Knee Joint
			5.17 Anterior Leg Compartment
				5.17.1 Anterior Leg Muscles
				5.17.2 Neurovasculature of the Anterior Leg Compartment
			5.18 Lateral Leg Compartment
				5.18.1 Lateral Leg Muscles
				5.18.2 Neurovasculature of the Lateral Leg Compartment
			5.19 Posterior Leg Compartment
				5.19.1 Superficial Muscle Group of Posterior Leg
				5.19.2 Deep Muscle Group of Posterior Leg
				5.19.3 Neurovasculature of the Posterior Leg Compartment
			5.20 Tarsal Tunnel
			5.21 Tibiofibular Articulations
				5.21.1 Neurovasculature of the Tibiofibular Joints
			5.22 Ankle Joint
				5.22.1 Articulating Surfaces
				5.22.2 Joint Capsule
				5.22.3 Lateral Ligaments of the Ankle Joint
				5.22.4 Medial (Deltoid) Ligaments of the Ankle Joint
				5.22.5 Neurovasculature of the Ankle Joint
			5.23 Foot
				5.23.1 Neurovasculature of the Foot
				5.23.2 Cutaneous Innervation of the Foot Originates from Multiple Nerves
				5.23.3 Joints of the Foot
				5.23.4 Additional Joints of the Foot
				5.23.5 Neurovasculature of Foot Joints
				5.23.6 Major Ligaments of the Plantar Foot
				5.23.7 Arches of the Foot
			5.24 Gait Cycle
			5.25 Development of the Lower Extremity
	6 Upper Extremities
		6 Upper Extremities
			6.1 Upper Extremity Overview and Bones
				6.1.1 Clavicle
				6.1.2 Scapula
				6.1.3 Humerus
				6.1.4 Ulna
				6.1.5 Radius
				6.1.6 Carpals, Metacarpals, and Phalanges of the Hand
			6.2 Surface Anatomy of the Upper Extremity
			6.3 Fascia of the Upper Extremity
			6.4 Neurovasculature of the Upper Extremity
				6.4.1 Nerves of the Upper Extremity
				6.4.2 Cutaneous Nerve Innervation of the Upper Extremity
				6.4.3 Dermatomes and Myotomes of the Upper Extremity
				6.4.4 Blood Supply of the Upper Extremity
				6.4.5 Venous Drainage of the Upper Extremity
				6.4.6 Lymphatic Drainage of the Upper Extremity
			6.5 Upper Extremity Region Specifics
			6.6 Pectoral Region
				6.6.1 Pectoral Region Muscles
				6.6.2 Neurovasculature of the Pectoral Region
			6.7 Shoulder Region
				6.7.1 Shoulder Region Muscles
				6.7.2 Shoulder Region Bursae
				6.7.3 Neurovasculature of the Shoulder Region
				6.7.4 Spaces of the Shoulder Region
				6.7.5 Shoulder Region Joints
				6.7.6 Additional Ligaments of the Shoulder Region
			6.8 Axilla
				6.8.1 Brachial Plexus
				6.8.2 Axillary Artery and Vein
				6.8.3 Axillary Lymph Nodes
			6.9 Arm
				6.9.1 Arm Region Muscles
				6.9.2 Neurovasculature of the Arm Region
			6.10 Cubital Fossa
			6.11 Elbow Joint
				6.11.1 Joint Capsule
				6.11.2 Neurovasculature of the Elbow Joint
				6.11.3 Elbow Joint Bursae
			6.12 Proximal Radioulnar Joint
				6.12.1 Neurovasculature of the Proximal Radioulnar Joint
			6.13 Distal Radioulnar Joint
				6.13.1 Neurovasculature of the Distal Radioulnar Joint
			6.14 Anterior Forearm
				6.14.1 Neurovasculature of the Anterior Forearm
			6.15 Posterior Forearm
				6.15.1 Extensor Tendon Sheaths
				6.15.2 Neurovasculature of the Posterior Forearm
			6.16 Hand
				6.16.1 Flexor Tendon Sheaths
				6.16.2 Neurovasculature of the Hand
			6.17 Wrist Joint
				6.17.1 Neurovasculature of the Wrist Joint
			6.18 Hand Joints
				6.18.1 Intercarpal Joints
				6.18.2 Carpometacarpal and Intermetacarpal Joints
				6.18.3 Metacarpophalangeal and Interphalangeal Joints
			6.19 Development of the Upper Extremity
	7 Head and Neck
		7 Head and Neck
			7.1 Cranium
				7.1.1 Anterior (Facial) Surface Features of the Cranium
				7.1.2 Superior (Calvaria) Surface Features of the Cranium
				7.1.3 Posterior (Occiput) Surface Features of the Cranium
				7.1.4 Lateral Surface Features of the Cranium
				7.1.5 External Surface Features of the Cranial Base
				7.1.6 Internal Surface Features of the Cranium
				7.1.7 Anterior Cranial Fossa
				7.1.8 Middle Cranial Fossa
				7.1.9 Posterior Cranial Fossa
			7.2 Cranial Meninges
				7.2.1 Meningeal Spaces
			7.3 Development of the Skull
			7.4 Scalp and Superficial Face
				7.4.1 Muscles of the Scalp, Face, Ear, and Neck
				7.4.2 Neurovasculature of the Scalp and Superficial Face
				7.4.3 Lymphatic Drainage of the Scalp, Superficial Face, and Neck
				7.4.4 Parotid Gland
				7.4.5 Neurovasculature of the Parotid Gland
			7.5 Temporal and Infratemporal Fossae
				7.5.1 Temporal Fossa
				7.5.2 Infratemporal Fossa
				7.5.3 Muscles of Mastication
				7.5.4 Temporomandibular Joint
				7.5.5 Neurovasculature of the Infratemporal Fossa
			7.6 Oral Cavity
				7.6.1 Lips and Cheeks
				7.6.2 Gingivae, Types of Teeth, and Dental Arches
				7.6.3 Tongue
				7.6.4 Salivary Glands
				7.6.5 Palate
				7.6.6 Hard Palate
				7.6.7 Soft Palate
			7.7 Pterygopalatine Fossa and Ganglion
			7.8 Nose and Nasal Cavities
				7.8.1 External Nose
				7.8.2 Nasal Cavity
				7.8.3 Paranasal Sinuses
				7.8.4 Development of the Face, Palate, and Nasal Cavities
			7.9 Orbit and Eye
				7.9.1 Osteology of the Orbit
				7.9.2 Eyelids
				7.9.3 Lacrimal Apparatus
				7.9.4 Muscles of the Eyeball
				7.9.5 Neurovasculature of the Orbit and Eyeball
				7.9.6 Ciliary Ganglion
				7.9.7 Internal Eyeball
				7.9.8 Histology of the Retina
				7.9.9 Compartments and Refractive Media of the Eyeball
				7.9.10 Fascia of the Eyeball
				7.9.11 Development of the Eye
			7.10 Ear
				7.10.1 Neurovasculature of the External Ear, External Acoustic Meatus, and Tympanic Membrane
				7.10.2 Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)
				7.10.3 Auditory Ossicles
				7.10.4 Muscles of the Middle Ear
				7.10.5 Pharyngotympanic Tube
				7.10.6 Internal Ear
				7.10.7 Semicircular Canals
				7.10.8 Vestibule
				7.10.9 Cochlea
				7.10.10 Semicircular Ducts
				7.10.11 Utricle and Saccule
				7.10.12 Cochlear Duct
				7.10.13 Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII)
				7.10.14 Histology of the Ear
				7.10.15 Development of the Ear
			7.11 The Neck
			7.12 Anterior Triangle of the Neck
				7.12.1 Thyroid Gland
				7.12.2 Parathyroid Gland
				7.12.3 Neurovasculature of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands
				7.12.4 Histology of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands
				7.12.5 Development of the Thyroid Gland
			7.13 Posterior (Lateral Cervical) Triangle of the Neck
			7.14 Prevertebral Region and Root of the Neck
				7.14.1 Nerves of the Root
				7.14.2 Arteries of the Root
				7.14.3 Veins of the Root
			7.15 Larynx and Trachea
				7.15.1 Laryngeal Skeleton
				7.15.2 Laryngeal Muscles
				7.15.3 Neurovasculature of the Larynx
				7.15.4 Histology of the Larynx
				7.15.5 Histology of the Trachea
			7.16 Pharynx and the Cervical Region of the Esophagus
				7.16.1 Muscles of the Pharynx
				7.16.2 Neurovasculature of Pharynx
				7.16.3 Histology of the Pharynx
				7.16.4 Cervical Region of the Esophagus
				7.16.5 Neurovasculature of the Cervical Esophagus
			7.17 The Process of Deglutition (Swallowing)
			7.18 Venous Drainage of the Neck
			7.19 Lymphatic Drainage of the Neck
			7.20 Neck and Remaining Viscera Development
	8 Introductory Concepts of the Nervous System
		8 Introductory Concepts of the Nervous System
			8.1 Neurons
				8.1.1 Classifying Neurons Based on the Number of Neurites
				8.1.2 Classifying Neurons Based on Axonal Length
				8.1.3 Classifying Neurons Based on Function
			8.2 Nerve Cell Body and Action Potentials
			8.3 Nerve Fibers
			8.4 Synapses
				8.4.1 Types of Synapses
			8.5 Neuroglia
	9 Central Nervous System
		9 Central Nervous System
			9.1 Structure of the Central Nervous System
			9.2 Meninges of the Brain and Spinal Cord
			9.3 The Ventricular System
				9.3.1 Tela Choroidea and the Choroid Plexus
			9.4 Spinal Cord
				9.4.1 Gray Matter
				9.4.2 White Matter
			9.5 Brainstem
				9.5.1 Gross Anatomy of the Brainstem
				9.5.2 Reticular Formation
				9.5.3 Medulla
				9.5.4 Pons
				9.5.5 Midbrain
				9.5.6 Brainstem Lemnisci Summary
			9.6 Cerebellum
				9.6.1 Cerebellar Peduncles
				9.6.2 Cerebellum Histology
				9.6.3 Cerebellar Nuclei
			9.7 Cerebrum
			9.8 Thalamus
				9.8.1 Blood Supply to the Thalamus
			9.9 Hypothalamus
				9.9.1 Afferent and Efferent Connections of the Hypothalamus
			9.10 Pituitary Gland
				9.10.1 Histology of Pituitary Gland
				9.10.2 Hypophyseal Portal Circulation
			9.11 Subthalamus
			9.12 Epithalamus
			9.13 Basal Ganglia
				9.13.1 Basal Ganglia Connections
				9.13.2 Striatum (Caudate and Putamen) Projections (Direct vs Indirect)
				9.13.3 Additional Basal Ganglia Circuitry
				9.13.4 Additional Fiber Bundles
			9.14 Limbic System
				9.14.1 Cingulate and Parahippocampal Gyrus
				9.14.2 Hippocampal Formation
				9.14.3 Afferent Connections to the Hippocampus
				9.14.4 Efferent Connections to the Hippocampus (via the Fornix)
				9.14.5 Amygdala
				9.14.6 Septal Area
				9.14.7 Nucleus Accumbens
				9.14.8 Substantia Innominata
				9.14.9 Papez Circuit
				9.14.10 Additional Pathways of the Limbic System
				9.14.11 Pathology of the Limbic System
			9.15 Internal Capsule
			9.16 Cerebral Hemispheres and Cortex
				9.16.1 Frontal Lobe
				9.16.2 Parietal Lobe
				9.16.3 Temporal Lobe
				9.16.4 Occipital Lobe
				9.16.5 Limbic Lobe
				9.16.6 Cortical Homunculus
				9.16.7 Histology of the Cerebral Cortex
				9.16.8 White Matter of the Cerebral Hemispheres
				9.16.9 Cerebral Dominance
				9.16.10 Blood Supply of the Cerebral Hemispheres
			9.17 Ascending Sensory Pathways
			9.18 Posterior Column-Medial Lemniscus Pathway
			9.19 Anterolateral System
				9.19.1 Direct Pathways
				9.19.2 Indirect Pathways
			9.20 Cerebellar Tracts
			9.21 Descending Motor Pathways
				9.21.1 Upper Motor Neuron versus Lower Motor Neuron Lesions
			9.22 Corticospinal Tract
			9.23 Corticobulbar Tract
			9.24 Rubrospinal Tract
			9.25 Tectospinal Tract
			9.26 Vestibulospinal Tract
			9.27 Recticulospinal Tract
			9.28 Olivospinal Tract
			9.29 Spinal Reflexes
			9.30 The Olfactory System
			9.31 The Visual System
				9.31.1 Pupillary Light Reflex
				9.31.2 Convergence and Accommodation
				9.31.3 Coordination of Eye Movements
				9.31.4 Saccades
				9.31.5 Vestibulo-ocular Reflex
				9.31.6 Optokinetic Eye Movements
			9.32 The Auditory System
			9.33 The Vestibular System
			9.34 The Gustatory System
			9.35 Blood Supply and Venous Drainage of the Brain and Spinal Cord
				9.35.1 Blood Supply to the Brain
				9.35.2 Internal Carotid Artery
				9.35.3 Vertebral Artery
				9.35.4 Basilar Artery
				9.35.5 Circle of Willis
				9.35.6 Venous Drainage of the Brain
				9.35.7 Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord
				9.35.8 Venous Drainage of the Spinal Cord
			9.36 Development of the Nervous System
				9.36.1 Spinal Cord Development
				9.36.2 Myelencephalon Development
				9.36.3 Metencephalon Development
				9.36.4 Mesencephalon Development
				9.36.5 Diencephalon Development
				9.36.6 Telencephalon Development
				9.36.7 Peripheral Nervous System Development
				9.36.8 Autonomic Nervous System Development
	10 Peripheral Nervous System
		10 Peripheral Nervous System
			10.1 Structure of the Peripheral Nervous System
			10.2 Sensory Receptors
				10.2.1 Sensory Receptors Based on Location
				10.2.2 Sensory Receptors Based on Stimulus Detected
				10.2.3 Sensory Receptors Based on Anatomical Structure
			10.3 Motor Endings
			10.4 Dermatomes
			10.5 Myotomes
			10.6 Peripheral Nerve Plexuses
				10.6.1 Cervical Plexus
				10.6.2 Brachial Plexus
				10.6.3 Lumbar and Sacral Plexuses
				10.6.4 Coccygeal Plexus
	11 Autonomic Nervous System
		11 Autonomic Nervous System
			11.1 Parasympathetic Division
				11.1.1 Parasympathetic Division Pathways
			11.2 Sympathetic Division
				11.2.1 Sympathetic Division Pathways
			11.3 Visceral Sensory
			11.4 Preganglionic Neurotransmitters
			11.5 Postganglionic  Neurotransmitters
			11.6 Central Nervous System Control over the ANS
	12 Cranial Nerves
		12 Cranial Nerves
			12.1 Olfactory Nerve
			12.2 Optic Nerve
			12.3 Oculomotor Nerve
			12.4 Trochlear Nerve
			12.5 Trigeminal Nerve
				12.5.1 Trigeminal Tracts
			12.6 Abducent Nerve
			12.7 Facial Nerve
			12.8 Vestibulocochlear Nerve
			12.9 Glossopharyngeal Nerve
			12.10 Vagus Nerve
			12.11 Spinal Accessory Nerve
			12.12 Hypoglossal Nerve
	Index
		Index