Climate Variability and Extremes during the Past 100 years (Advances in Global Change Research)

Front Matter....Pages i-xv
A Focus on Climate During the Past 100 Years....Pages 1-25
From the Bottom to the Stratosphere Arctic Climate Features as Seen from the First International Polar Year (1882–1883) Until the End of World War II....Pages 29-45
Arctic Sea Ice Data Sets in the Context of Climate Change During the 20th Century....Pages 47-63
The Evolving SST Record from ICOADS....Pages 65-83
Upper-air Temperature Trends: Current Problems and Some Recent Results....Pages 85-101
Atmospheric Reanalyses and Climate Variations....Pages 103-117
Constructing Climate Quality Atmospheric Temperatures from Satellite Microwave Measurements....Pages 119-128
Total Ozone Observations During the Past 80 Years....Pages 129-140
Arctic Sea Ice Variability During the Last Half Century....Pages 143-154
Decadal Changes in Surface Radiative Fluxes and Their Role in Global Climate Change....Pages 155-167
Observed Interdecadal Changes in Cloudiness: Real or Spurious?....Pages 169-178
The Role of Land-Atmosphere Interactions for Climate Variability in Europe....Pages 179-193
Aerosol Effects on Precipitation Locally and Globally....Pages 195-206
Human Activity and Climate Change in Africa....Pages 209-220
Impacts of Climate Variability, Trends and NAO on 20th Century European Plant Phenology....Pages 221-233
Summer Heat Waves in Western Europe, Their Past Change and Future Projections....Pages 235-250
Distribution Changes of Seasonal Mean Temperature in Observations and Climate Change Scenarios....Pages 251-267
Long-term Tropospheric Ozone Trends: A Critical Review....Pages 271-282
Simulation of Long-term Evolution of Stratospheric Dynamics and Chemistry: Role of Natural and Anthropogenic Forcings....Pages 283-291
Dynamical Changes in the Arctic and Antarctic Stratosphere During Spring....Pages 293-301
Creating Knowledge from the Confrontation of Observations and Models: The Case of Stratospheric Ozone....Pages 303-316
Response of the Earth’s Atmosphere to the Solar Irradiance Variability....Pages 317-331
Stratospheric Ozone Variations Caused by Solar Proton Events Between 1963 and 2005....Pages 333-345
Sunspots, the QBO, and the Stratosphere in the North Polar Region: An Update....Pages 347-357
Back Matter....Pages 359-361