Climate Change and Health Hazards: Addressing Hazards to Human and Environmental Health from a Changing Climate

Preface
Contents
Editors and Contributors
Part I Theoretical Approaches to Climate Change Impacts on Human and Environmental Health
1 Thinking Beyond Borders: How Can Humanities and Social Sciences Help to Deal with Climate Change Health Hazards in the Twenty-First Century? Outputs of the Transdisciplinary Network “Composing Worlds: Humanities, Well-being and Health in the 21st century”
	Introduction
	Theoretical Framework
	Methodology
	Results and Discussion
	Final Remarks
	References
2 Climate Change and Health: Essay on the Limits of Naturalism
	Introduction
	Naturalism, Climate Change, and Health
		Naturalism and Climate Change
		Naturalism and Health
	The Limits of Naturalism
	Conclusions
	References
3 Mental Health, Well-Being and Climate Change: Scope and Challenges
	Introduction
	Impact of Climate Change on Mental Health and Well-Being
	Climate Change, Inequality and Violence
	Responding to the Impact of CC: Opportunities Addressing Mental Health and Well-Being
	Conclusions
	References
4 Climate Change Impact on Mental Health: Is Nature Fighting Us Back?
	Psychosocial Reactions to Environmental Disasters
	“Invisible” Psychosocial Reactions to Climate Change
		Increasing Temperatures and Extreme Heat Events
		Droughts
		Air Pollution
		Deforestation
	Climate Change and Media
	Conclusion
	References
Part II Climate Change Impacts on Human and Environmental Health
5 Industrial Waste Management in Ghana: Environmental Challenges and Climate Change Impacts on Human Health
	Introduction
	Material and Methods
		Study Area
		Study Design
		Survey
		Sampling Technique
		Ethical Issues
	Results
		Demographic Characteristics
		Waste Management Experts’ Open-Ended Responses
		Waste Management Professionals’ Responses to the Opened-Ended Questions
		Field Trip Observation
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	Limitations and Future Research
	References
6 Climate Change and Transmissible Diseases
	Climate Change Influence on Life
	The Importance of Reducing GHG Emissions
	Transmission and Infection Routes Influenced by Climate and Environmental Changes
	Climate Sensitivities of Infectious Diseases
	Recommendations and Conclusions
	References
7 What Will Be the Most Critical Driver of Population Dynamics: Climate Change, the COVID-19 Pandemic, or Both?
	Introduction
	Climate Change and COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Issue
	Climate Change and Population Dynamics
		Impact on Mortality
		Impact on Migration
		Impact on Fertility
	COVID-19 Pandemic and Population Dynamics
		Impact on Mortality
		Impact on Migration
		Impact on Fertility
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
8 The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Wellbeing in the Municipality of Porto—An Analysis Based on Remote Sensing
	Introduction
	Addressing the Risk of Extreme Heat Alongside Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Cities
	Methods and Data
		Study Area
		Developing Risk Indicators in an Adaptation Context to Climate Change
	Results
	Lessons Learned and Conclusions
		Main Conclusions
		The Use of HRI in Land Policy and Planning
		Limitations and Future Directions
	Appendix
	References
9 The Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources and Human Health—Examples from Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina
	Introduction
	Case Studies
		Vrana Lake, Cres Island, HR—Reduced Lake Levels and Increasing Salinity of Drinking Water
	Sources of Drinking Water of the City of Rijeka, Croatia—Water Turbidity
	Šibenik, Croatia—Coastal Water Quality
	Municipality of Maglaj, Bosnia and Herzegovina—Water Supply During Flood
	Conclusions
	References
10 Unawareness About Vector-Borne Diseases Among Citizens as a Health Risk Consequence of Climate Change—A Case Study on Leishmaniosis in Northwest Portugal
	Introduction
	Material and Methods
	Results
	Discussion
	Conclusions
	References
11 Climate Change and the Increase in Disasters Related to Hydrometeorological and Climatic Events in Mexico: Main Impacts on the Population
	Introduction
	Climate Trends of Mexico
	Emergencies, Disasters and Contingencies Related to Hydrometeorological and Climate Events in Mexico
	Main Impacts of Disasters in Mexico
	Significance of Governance in Disaster Risk and Climate Change Issues in Mexico
	Conclusions
	Future Prospects
	References
12 Climate Change and Mental Health in Bangladesh: A Cultural Variability Perspective
	Introduction
		Research Approach
		Physical Geography of Bangladesh
		Natural Hazards and Climate Change
		Mental Health and Well-Being
	Social Fabric of Bangladesh
		Ethno-Linguistic Landscape
		Religion
		Gender
	Cultural Strengths and Vulnerability in Bangladesh
		Research on Mental Health and Climate Change
		COVID-19 in Bangladesh
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
13 Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture and Food Security in Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean
	Introduction
	Climate Change Patterns and Tendencies in Africa and Latin America, and the Caribbean
		Latin America and the Caribbean
		Africa
	Climate Change Trends on Food Production in Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean
		Latin America and the Caribbean
		Africa
	Measuring the Impacts of Climate Change on Food Security in Africa and Latin America
	Conclusions
		Future Prospects
	References
14 Gender Gaps in Food Security in Mexico, in the Context of a Changing Environment
	Introduction
	Geographic and Gender Differences in Food Security
	Measuring Food Insecurity in Mexico
	Conclusions and Future Prospects
	References
15 Assessing the Climate Change-Related Health Hazards in Africa
	Introduction
	Extreme High Temperature and Health in Africa
	Drought-Water Scarcity and Health Challenges in Africa
		Food Insecurity
	Floods-Cyclones and Health in Africa
	Vector-Borne Disease and Health in Africa
	Air Pollution, Climate Change and Health in Africa
	Future Trends
	Policy Recommendations
	Conclusion
	References
Part III Climate Resilience and Adaptation to Climate Change
16 Do the Resilience and Adaptive Capacity to Climate-Related Disasters Help Explain Human Health and Well-Being?
	Introduction
	‘Health in All Policies’
	Climate Change, Society, and Health
	The Targets of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 13
	Methodology
	Case Study
		Variables
		Sample
		Application Details
	Results and Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
17 EU Funding to Promote Climate Change Adaptation and Risk Prevention and Management in Portugal: Potential Effects on Mitigating Health Hazards
	Introduction
	Health Hazards and Climate Change: A Literature Review
	Potential Climate Change Effects in Health Hazards in Portugal
	Contribution of the PO SEUR to Mitigate Health Hazards in Portugal: 2014–2020
	Conclusion
	References
18 Increasing Healthcare Facilities Resilience to Hazards Resulting from Climate Change
	Climate Change and Human Health
		Adaptation to Climate Change Enhancing Healthcare Provision
		The SMART Project
		The Aims of This Chapter
		The Smart Hospitals Project Utilises Other Tools
	The Hospital Safety Index Tool
		Components of the HSI
		Other Tools Measuring Parameters Similar to the HSI
	Success of Retrofitting Works Based on the Findings of the HSI
		Retrofitting Works Impacted Structural Safety
		Retrofitting Works Impacted Non-Structural Safety
		Specialised Training Impacted Functional Safety
	How Greening Addressed Hazards to Environmental Health Due to a Changing Climate
		Challenges Associated with Improvements to Environmental Health
	Limitations of the Methodology
	Conclusion
	References
19 Climate Change and Health Hazards: Mitigation Roles of Public Sectors (Ministry, Department and Agencies)
	Introduction
	Synopsis of Ministries, Department and Agencies (MDAs)
	Overview of Climate Change and Health Hazards
	Roles of Ministries Departments and Agencies (MDAs) in Climate Change Mitigation
	Corrupt Practices Discouragement
	Climate Change Risk Assessment Prediction
	Climate Change Mitigation Monitoring
	Food Security
	Carbon Taxes
	Insurance Coverage
	Provision of Mitigation Infrastructure
	Allocation of Building Code and Standard
	Health Promotion
	Surveillance
	Coping with Extreme Heat
	Partnerships
	Private Sector
	Civil Society Organizations
	Environmental Sustainability Role of the Public Sector
	Climate Change and Health Hazards Mitigation Measures
	Challenges Confronting Climate Change Roles by the MDAs
	Way Forward
	Conclusions
	References
20 Changing Fertility, Child Mortality and Contraceptive Prevalence Rates in Bangladesh: Effects of Disaster Risk Reduction and Family Planning Programs
	Introduction
	Regional Variations in Fertility, Child Mortality and Contraceptive Prevalence Rates in Bangladesh
	Methodology
		Study Areas
		Data Sources and Methods
	Results
		Demographic, Economic and Social Differences in the Study Villages
		Fertility, Child Mortality, and Contraceptive Use in the Study Areas
		Disaster Risk Reduction and Family Planning Programs in Study Areas: Experts’ Views
		Health Facilities in the Study Areas
		Family Planning Facilities and Access
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
21 Climate Change and Humanitarian Responses: A Proposal of Education for Health Hazards Preparedness
	Introduction
	The Vision of International Agencies
	Case Study on Bangladesh
		Cyclones
		Drought
		Floods
	Case Study on French Guiana
	Case Study on Metropolitan France
	Conclusions
	References
22 Effectiveness of Public Policy in the Face of Climate Change: The Case of Coffee Growing in the State of Chiapas: Mexico
	Introduction
	Methodological Procedures
	Results and Discussion
		Quantitative Analysis
		Qualitative Analysis
	Conclusions
	References
23 The Role of Education and Research in Human and Planetary Health
	Introduction
	The Role of Education and Research in Human and Planetary Health
	Climate Change in Health Sciences and Public Health Higher Education in Germany
	Insights Into KlimaGESUND
	Transfer into Practice
	Conclusions
	References