Cities And Structural Adjustment

Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
Foreword......Page 9
Preface......Page 10
Notes on contributors......Page 11
Inauguration of the symposium......Page 14
Introduction......Page 19
Macroeconomic reforms and cities......Page 23
City reactions......Page 26
Endnote......Page 29
References......Page 30
Introduction......Page 31
Cities, rich and poor......Page 34
Rates of population growth......Page 35
Urban bias in public expenditure......Page 36
The context of the world economy......Page 37
New roles for cities in MDCs......Page 39
New roles for cities in LDCs......Page 41
Emerging urban geographies......Page 43
Economic and environmental sustainability......Page 44
References......Page 46
The discussion......Page 47
Rapporteur summary......Page 50
I The entrepreneurial city: promotion and development......Page 53
The results......Page 56
The discussion......Page 58
II Failures and successes: the balance sheet......Page 61
The discussion......Page 66
Rapporteur summary......Page 69
I Financing city development......Page 73
Rapporteur summary......Page 89
Financing of cities......Page 90
Impact of frozen prices......Page 91
Confidence and trust......Page 92
City governance......Page 93
Shared civic responsibility......Page 94
Shifting alliances......Page 95
City business plan......Page 96
II New forms of governance......Page 82
The discussion......Page 88
The discussion......Page 80
Bombay First......Page 97
Planning the city......Page 99
Governance in Bombay......Page 101
Bombay’s economy......Page 102
Lessons for Bombay?......Page 104
The discussion......Page 106
Introduction......Page 110
The increasing openness of urban economies......Page 112
The public sector to private sector ratio......Page 113
Central-local government relations......Page 114
Income distribution and inequality......Page 115
Urban collaboration......Page 116
References......Page 117
From industrial city to service centre: sharp structural adjustment......Page 118
The impact of 1975–85 economic crisis......Page 120
The global results: more than 400000 new jobs in six years......Page 121
The Games: management, finance and employment......Page 122
Other counter-crisis policies: industry and infrastructure......Page 126
Strengths: the change of scale of the city in the second ring......Page 127
Weaknesses: unemployment rates, infrastructural deficits and administrative shortcomings......Page 129
Conclusions......Page 131
I Background of structural adjustment programme in Jamaica, 1977–90......Page 133
II Kingston Metropolitan Area before and after SAP implementation......Page 136
The impact of SAP on the Kingston metropolitan area......Page 138
III Policy measures to mediate the adverse impacts of the structural adjustment programme......Page 145
Policy measures specific to the KMA......Page 146
References......Page 150
Further reading......Page 151
I Introduction......Page 152
II Colombia: a dispersed pattern of urbanization......Page 153
III Concentration of population and production in Bogotá, 1951–94......Page 155
Population growth and migration......Page 157
Economic growth and increased national concentration......Page 158
IV The foundations of a resilient urban economy......Page 163
V The impact of liberalization......Page 170
VI Conclusions......Page 172
Defining the “Bogota Metropolitan Area”......Page 173
References......Page 174
CHAPTER NINE Mexican neoliberalism and urban management in Monterrey......Page 177
Structure and macroeconomic dynamics......Page 178
Metropolitan administration, regulation and policies......Page 184
New administrative approaches to promote large infrastructure projects......Page 186
Conclusions: new schemes for developing large infrastructure projects......Page 187
Further reading......Page 190
Johannesburg and the inner city......Page 191
Manufacturing3......Page 192
Government4......Page 193
Business and financial services......Page 196
South Africa giants and the top 300 industrials......Page 197
Mining houses, life offices and banks......Page 198
Retailing and construction......Page 199
Explanations......Page 200
Commerce, catering and accommodation8......Page 203
The beginnings of physical decay......Page 205
Emerging enterprise14......Page 207
Development policy......Page 212
References......Page 214
Further reading......Page 215
Introduction......Page 216
The need to adjust......Page 217
Public policy intervention......Page 221
A current assessment......Page 226
References......Page 229
Introduction......Page 230
Santiago, first turning point......Page 232
Santiago, second turning point......Page 236
Conclusions and challenges......Page 241
References......Page 243
Introduction......Page 245
The urban framework......Page 246
Economic crisis and structural changes......Page 248
Demography and migrations......Page 251
Elements of restructuring......Page 252
Institutional and political organization......Page 257
Premonitory interventionism in the North-East Slope......Page 258
First metropolis-wide approaches to economic development......Page 260
The development and planning agency of the metropolis......Page 262
References......Page 264
Index......Page 266