Chronicles of Incidents and Response (Hazmatology, the Science of Hazardous Materials)

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgements
Author
Chronicles of Incidents and Response
Origins of Hazardous Materials Response
Beginnings of Hazardous Materials Transportation Regulations
Dust and Boiler Explosions
Petroleum Industry is Born
Nebraska Firefighters Museum Hazardous Materials Display
Hastings, Nebraska “Gasoline & Oil Clean-Up Squad”
Milwaukee, Wisconsin’s Petroleum Dispersal Unit 1
Evolution of Present-Day Hazmat Teams
Jacksonville, FL’s First Emergency Services Hazmat Team in the United States
	Chief Yarbrough’s Vision
	The “Godfather of Hazmat”
	America’s First Emergency Services Hazmat Team
	My Visits to Jacksonville
	Captain Ron Gore Retires
Martin County Florida: First Volunteer Hazmat Team in United States
	Fire Department History
	Hazmat Team History
Houston, Texas Pioneer Hazmat Team
	Beginnings of Hazmat Response in Houston
	Houston Distribution Warehouse Complex
Memphis, Tennessee Pioneer Hazmat Team
	Hazmat Team History
	Hazardous Materials Exposure
	Incidents
	Drexel Chemical Company Fire & Explosion
	Pro-Serve Fire (Brooks Road)
Selected Historical Hazmat Incidents
The 1800s
First Incident Found During Research
	Syracuse, NY August 30, 1841 the Great Gunpowder Explosion
Minneapolis, MN May 2, 1878 Washburn “A” Flour Mill Explosion
Chester, PA February 16, 1882 Jackson Fireworks Plant Explosion
Cavan Point, NJ May 11, 1883 Standard Oil Works Fire Started by Lightning
Oil City, Titusville, and Meadville, PA June 1892 Flood and Explosion
Bradford, PA, May 14, 1894 Refinery Fire
Butte, MT January 15, 1895 Warehouse District Dynamite Explosion and Fire
	“The Great Disaster of 1895”
Chicago, IL August 5, 1897 Grain Elevator Fire
Firemen that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Philadelphia, PA August 5, 1897 Naphtha Explosion
The 1900s
New York, NY November 2, 1900 Tarrant & Co Drug House Explosion
	(Greenwich Street Volcano FDNY)
Sheridan, PA Naphtha Car Explosions May 12, 1902
Milwaukee, WI February 4, 1903 Schwab Stamp & Seal Acid Spill
	Firemen that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
		Injured
Avon, CT September 15, 1905 Fuse Co. Explosion
Portland, or June 27, 1911 Oil Company Fire
	Fireman that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Eddystone, PA April 10, 1917 Ammunition Works Disaster
Morgan, NJ October 4, 1918 T.A. Gillespie & Company Explosions
Boston, MA January 15, 1919 ‘Molasses Flood’ Tank Explosion
	Fireman that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Long Island City, NY September 14-15, 1919 Oil Tank Blaze
	Firemen that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
		Unknown
New York, NY July 18, 1922 Chemical Explosion
	Fireman Made the Ultimate Sacrifice
Pekin, IL January 3, 1924 Corn Products Refining Corn Starch Plant Explosion
Milwaukee, WI April 22, 1926 Sawdust Explosion
	Firemen that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Dover, NJ July 10, 1926 Picatinny Arsenal Munitions Explosion
Chicago, IL March 11, 1927 Chemical Plant Explosion
	Firemen who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
	Seriously Injured Firefighter
San Diego, CA August 8, 1927 Acetylene Factory Explosion
Heidelberg, PA December 25, 1928 Refinery Fire and Explosions
	Firemen who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Lakehurst, NJ May 3, 1937 Hindenburg Disaster Hydrogen Explosion & Fire
Atlantic City, NJ July 16, 1937 Gasoline Explosion
Hastings, NE September 15, 1944 Explosion Naval Ammunition Depot
	There were Occasional Explosions
	Air Force Presence
Cleveland, OH October 20, 1944 LNG Leak, Explosion, Fire
Westport, CT May 3, 1946 Truck Explosion
	Firemen who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Atlanta, GA December 30, 1946 Drug Fire
Texas City, TX April 16, 1947 Ammonium Nitrate Ship Explosions
	The Day Texas City Lost their Fire Department
	Texas City Firefighters who Made the Supreme Sacrifice on April 16, 1947
		Privates
Minot, ND July 22, 1947 Oil Storage Tank Explosion
Reno, NV August 16, 1948 Massive Dynamite Explosion
	Firemen who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Perth Amboy, NJ June 24, 1949 Asphalt Plant Explosion
	Firemen who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Philadelphia, PA October 10, 1954 Chemical Plant Explosion
	Firefighters that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
	Injured
Dumas, TX Oil July 29, 1956 Shamrock Oil & Gas Corporation Tank Farm Explosion
	Firemen who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Brownfield , TX December 23, 1958 Butane Truck Explosion
	Firemen who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Schuylkill Haven, PA June 2, 1959 Propane Truck Explosion
	Sgt. Clouser Gave this Official Version of the Tragedy
	Fireman that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Meldrim, GA June 28, 1959 Railroad Trestle Disaster
	First Train Derailment Releasing Hazardous Materials Kills 23
	First Victims to be Killed by a Hazardous Materials Release from a Train Derailment (ICC)
Roseburg, OR August 8, 1959 Explosives Truck Explosion
	Firemen and Police Officer who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Kansas City, KS August 18, 1959 Southwest Boulevard Fire
	Dedication of Memorial
	Firemen who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
		Pumper 19
		Pumper 25
Auburn, NY March 31, 1960 Service Station Explosion
	Firemen who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Kingsport, TN October 5, 1960 Eastman Chemical Plant Explosion
Philadelphia, PA April 17, 1961 Gasoline Station Explosion
	Firemen who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Houston, TX February 3, 1962 Gasoline Trucks Collide
Brandtsville, PA April 29, 1963 LPG Cars Explode at Wreck Site
Cleveland, OH August 13, 1963 Avis Rent a Truck Propane Truck Explosion
	Firemen that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Hammond, in December 23, 1963 Indiana Storage Company Warehouse Explosion
	Fireman who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Anchorage, AK March 27, 1964 Great Alaskan Good Friday Earthquake
Marshalls Creek, PA June 26, 1964 Explosives Fire and Explosion
	50th Anniversary Memorial
	Firefighters that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Houston, TX August 10, 1965 Chemical Plant Explosion
Chicago, IL Feb 7, 1968 Gasoline Tanker Explosion & Fire
	Firemen who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Richmond, in April 6, 1968 Natural Gas and Explosives Fire and Explosion
	Richmond Indiana’s “Most Tragic Day and Finest Hour“
	The Explosion
	Finding Jack Bales
Davenport, NE June 10, 1968 Propane Tank Fire
Crete, NE February 19, 1969 Derailment and Anhydrous Ammonia Release
	Shelter in Place Effectiveness Substantiated
	Casualties
	Hatchetts 725 W. 13th Street
	Erdmans Between 1005 and 1045 W. 13th Street
	Hoesche 1005 W. 13th Street
	Safranek 905 W. 13th Street
	Svarc 813 W. 13th Street
	Kovar 907 W. 13th Street
	Svarc 915 Redwood Street
	Crete Fire Department Responds
Carpentersville, IL December 10, 1969 Chemical Plant Explosion & Fire
Crescent City, IL June 21, 1970 Derailment and LPG Rail Car BLEVE
Woodbine, GA February 3, 1971 Thiokol Factory Solid Rocket Fuel Explosion
Waco, GA June 1971 Car-Truck Collision Sparks Dynamite Explosion
	Firefighter who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Houston, TX October 19, 1971 Mykawa Road Rail Car BLEVE & Fire
	Firefighter who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Kingman, AZ July 5, 1973 Propane Rail Car BLEVE
	Doxol Gas Distribution Plant
	Kingman, Arizona Remembers 35 Years Later
	Remembering those who Lost their Lives
	Eleven Kingman Firefighters who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
		Donald G. Webb
		Arthur A. Stringer
		Frank (Butch) Henry
		Christopher G. Sanders
		Alan H. Hansen
		John O. Campbell
		Joseph M. Chambers
		M.B. (Jimmy) Cox
		William L. Casson
		Roger A. Hubka
		Richard Lee Williams
Houston, TX September 21, 1974 Englewood Rail Yard Collision Fire and Explosion
Philadelphia, PA August 17, 1975 Gulf Oil Refinery Fire
	Firefighters who Gave the Supreme Sacrifice
	Philadelphia Pays Tribute to Gulf Oil Refinery Fire Fallen
Niagara Falls, NY December 15, 1975 Hooker Chemical Chlorine Tank Explosion
Houston, TX May 11, 1976 Anhydrous Ammonia Tanker Accident
	Worst Accident in Houston History
Westwego, LA December 22, 1977 Grain Elevator Explosion
Galveston, TX December 29, 1977 Grain Elevator Explosion
Waverly, TN February 24, 1978 Derailment and LPG Explosion
	Those Emergency Responders who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Youngstown, FL February 27, 1978 Train Derailment with Chlorine Gas Cloud
Brownson, NE April 2, 1978 Train Derailment Phosphorus Fire & Explosion
Gettysburg, PA March 22, 1979 Phosphorous Truck Fire & Explosion
Collinsville, IL August 7, 1978 Propane Tank Car Explosion
Mississauga, Ontario, Canada November 10, 1979 Derailment Fires Explosions
	The “Mother of All Hazmat Evacuation“
	Saturday November 10, 1979
	Sunday, November 11, 1979
	Monday, November 12, 1979
	Tuesday, November 13, 1979
	Wednesday, November 14, 1979
	Thursday, November 15, 1979
	Friday, November 16, 1979
Somerville, MA April 3, 1980 Phosphorus Trichloride Release
Corpus Christi, TX April 7, 1981 Grain Elevator Blast
	Meet Kevin Saunders
Bellwood, NE April 7, 1981 Grain Elevator Explosion
Thermal, CA January 7, 1982 Derailment Radiation Container
Livingston, LA September 28, 1982 Train Derailment, Fire and Vinyl Chloride Release
Denver, CO April 4, 1983 Railcar Leak Nitric Acid
	Executive Summary
	Probable Cause
Houston, TX December 11, 1983 Borden’s Anhydrous Ammonia Explosion
	By Bob Parry
Buffalo, NY December 27, 1983 Propane Gas Explosion
	Firefighters that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
		Firefighters Truck 5
Shreveport LA September 17, 1984 Anhydrous Ammonia Fire Incident
	Firefighter that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Norfolk, VA September 4, 1984 Gas Tank Truck Fire
Bhopal, India December 2-3, 1984 Release of Methyl Isocyanate
	Background
	The Incident
	Lessons Learned
	Since 1984
Miamisburg, OH July 8, 1986 Derailment Phosphorus Fire
Ord, NE July 15, 1987 Anhydrous Ammonia Leak
Henderson, NV May 4, 1988 PEPCON Explosions
Kansas City, MO November 29, 1988 Ammonium Nitrate Explosion
	Chronology of The Explosion
	Firefighters that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
	Lessons Learned
Houston, TX October 23, 1989 Phillips 66 Houston Chemical Complex Explosion & Fire
	Initial Response
	Firefighting
	Search and Rescue
Philadelphia, PA February 23, 1991 One Meridian Plaza High-Rise Fire
	Firefighters who Made the Ultimate Supreme Sacrifice
New York City, NY February 26, 1993 World Trade Center Bombing
Ste. Elisabeth De Warwick, Quebec, Canada June 27,1993 Propane Explosion
	Firefighters that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Orrtanna, PA December 6, 1993 Ammonia Leak Knouse Foods
	Plant Workers/Firefighters who Lost their Lives in the Incident
Port Neal, IA December 13, 1994 Ammonium Nitrate Explosion
Oklahoma City, OK April 19, 1995 Terrorist Bombing
	Response to the Bombing
	Oklahoma City Bombing National Memorial
	Investigation
	Oklahoma City Bombing
Delaware County, PA August 6, 1995 Ammonia Leak
Weyauwega, Wisconsin March 4, 1996 Train Derailment and Fire
Burnside, Illinois October 2, 1997 LPG Tank Explosion
	Firefighters that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Albert City, Iowa April 9, 1998 Propane Explosion
	Key Findings
	Firefighters that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Springer, OK September 1998 Liquid Nitrogen Asphyxiation
2000s
Baltimore, MD July 18, 2001 Howard Street Tunnel Fire
Minot, ND January 18, 2002 Train Derailment & Anhydrous Ammonia Release
Macdona, TX June 28, 2004 Train Derailment Chlorine Leak
Graniteville, SC March 24, 2005 Chlorine Disaster
A Tale of Two Hurricanes
	New Orleans, LA August 29, 2005 Hurricane Katrina
	Houston, TX August 24, 2017 Hurricane Harvey
	Crosby, TX August 29, 2017 Chemical Plant Explosion & Fire During Hurricane Harvey
St. Louis, MO June 24, 2005 Flammable Gas Cylinder Fire & Explosion
Shepherdsville, KY January 16, 2007 Crude Oil Train Derailment & Fire
	Executive Summary
	Probable Cause
Ghent, WV January 30, 2007 Propane Explosion and Fire
	Emergency Responders who Made the Supreme Sacrifice
Oneida, NY Monday, March 12, 2007 Tank Car Explodes
Dallas, TX July 25, 2007 Bottled Gas Plant Fire and Explosions
Jacksonville, FL December 19, 2007 Chemical Plant Explosion
Cherry Hill, IL June 19, 2009 Ethanol Train Derailment and Fire
	Probable Cause
Norfolk, NE December 10, 2009 Propane Storage Tank Fire Protient Propane Fire
Tiskilwa, IL October 7, 2011 Train Derailment Ethanol Fire
West, Texas April 17, 2013 Ammonium Nitrate Explosion
	Journal of Hazardous Materials
		Explosions of Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer in Storage or Transportation
	West Memorial
	Emergency Responders that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
	Citizen Fatalities not Firefighters
	Chemical Safety Board (CSB) Investigation
		West Volunteer Fire Department (WVFD)
	Abbott, Bruceville-Eddy, Mertens, and Navarro Mills Volunteer Fire Departments
	Ammonium Nitrate Hazards
	Key Contributing Factors to Emergency Responders’ Fatality
	Lack of Incident Command System
	Lack of Established Incident Management System
	Firefighter Training
	Lessons Learned
	Key Findings
Lac-Megantic, Quebec, CA July 6, 2013 Train Derailment Crude Oil Fire
Casselton, ND December 30, 2013 Crude Oil Train Derailment & Fire
Lynchburg, VA April 30, 2014 Crude Oil Train Derailment & Fire
Heimdal, ND May 6, 2015 Crude Oil Train Derailment & Fire
Houston, TX July 16, 2017 Propane Tanker Crash
	RIMS Incident
Cambria, WI May 31, 2017 Didion Mill Explosion
Hyndman, PA August 2, 2017 Train Derailment & Fire
Oklahoma City, OK August 16, 2018 Oil Well Blow Out
Tilford, SD September 8, 2018 Propane Tank Explosion
Deer Park, TX March 17, 2019 Petrochemical Storage Tank Fires
September 16, 2019 Farmington, ME Propane Explosion
	Firefighter that Made the Supreme Sacrifice
	Firefighters Injured
CSB Releases Call to Action on Combustible Dust Hazards
To Date, the CSB has Issued Four Recommendations
Perceptions About Dust Vary
Factors Inufluencing Dust Hazard Perceptions
Dust Incidents 2006–2017
	U.S. Chemical Safety Board (CSB)
Bibliography
Index