Christ in Japanese Culture: Theological Themes in Shusaku Endo's Literary Works (Brill's Japanese Studies Library)

Contents
......Page 8
Acknowledgements......Page 14
Foreword Prof. Ursula King......Page 18
Preface......Page 22
List of Abbreviations......Page 26
Inculturation in Mission History......Page 28
Christianity and Japanese Culture......Page 30
Stating the Task......Page 33
The Modern Concept of Koshinto......Page 34
A Historical Perspective......Page 35
Theology and Literature......Page 37
Sources......Page 39
Structure of the Study......Page 40
Terminology......Page 41
Notes and Registers......Page 42
Outline of Features in Japanese Religious History......Page 44
Shinto before the Introduction of Buddhism......Page 45
Buddhism and Shinto (538–1333)......Page 46
Shinto and Christianity (1333–1868)......Page 49
Religions in Japan (1868–1945)......Page 52
Shinto after 1945......Page 54
Koshinto (Basic Shinto)......Page 55
Koshinto and Kami......Page 56
Syncretizing Attitude......Page 58
Harmony in Diversity......Page 62
Emotional Element in Koshinto......Page 65
Loyalty to Nature......Page 67
An Inclination towards Amae (Dependence)......Page 68
The Feminine Dimension of the Divine......Page 70
Shinto Tradition......Page 71
Development of Japanese Buddhism......Page 73
Kakure Kirishitan......Page 77
Modern Japanese Context......Page 79
Significance of Negative Theology in Japan......Page 81
Takizawa Katsumi (1909–1984)......Page 82
A Brief Introduction to the Life of Endo Shusaku......Page 88
The First Stage (1947–1965): Conflicts......Page 90
A Japanese Insensitivity that Defies the West-Sin......Page 93
Establishing Thoughts for the Inculturation of Christianity......Page 96
The Second Stage (1966–1980): Reconciliation......Page 98
The Third Stage (1981–1993): Mutual Integration......Page 99
The Dual Personality of Endo Shusaku......Page 101
Endo in relation to Christianity......Page 104
Endo as a Japanese—Catholic Author......Page 107
Religious Pluralism......Page 109
The Form of Endo's Novels......Page 110
Literary Form of the Novel......Page 111
Historical Facts and Spiritual Truth......Page 112
Jesus Demythologized......Page 113
Structure......Page 114
Symbol and Metaphor......Page 116
Silence (1966)......Page 120
Introducing the Main Protagonists in Silence......Page 121
Mother (1969)......Page 127
The Samurai (1980)......Page 130
Christ in Solidarity with the Poor......Page 137
Cultural Background......Page 138
Christ as Maternal......Page 140
Cultural Background......Page 141
Maria Kannon......Page 142
Cultural Background......Page 144
Post-War Theological Thought in Japan......Page 146
Why was there a Postwar Missionary Failure?......Page 147
A Japanese Non-triumphalist Theology......Page 149
Endo's Non-triumphalist Theology......Page 151
Endo's Critique of the Church......Page 152
Religious and Cultural Heritage: Koshinto......Page 154
Is Endo a Disguised Pure Land Buddhist?......Page 157
Endo's Literature according to Bevans......Page 160
Endo's Image of Christ in Takeda's Classifi cation......Page 161
Endo's Early Image of Christ: My Findings......Page 163
Development of Endo's Image of Christ (1981–1993)......Page 166
Deep River (1993)......Page 167
Selected Perspectives: Death, Sin, God......Page 168
The Weak Christ Remains......Page 174
The Kenotic Christ in a Pluralist Context......Page 176
Chamunda and Ganges......Page 178
Rebirth......Page 180
Maternal Compassion......Page 182
Searching for God......Page 183
God has Different Faces......Page 185
God as Pneumatic and the Immanent Christ......Page 186
Metaphor of God Incarnated......Page 190
Christ for the World......Page 191
Developments in Endo's Thought......Page 192
The Hickian Approach of Endo......Page 195
Jungian Thought......Page 199
Koshinto as a Background to Endo's Reception of Hick and Jung......Page 201
Which Model of Inculturation?......Page 204
Solving Problems......Page 208
Endo's Methods of Inculturation......Page 209
The Role of Koshinto......Page 210
Koshinto and Inculturation?......Page 211
Koshinto and Endo......Page 213
Epilogue—The Seed of Christ Sown in Culture......Page 216
Postscript—The Spirit of Christ Inculturated......Page 220
Biography—Life of Endo Shusaku......Page 224
Literature by Endo Shusaku......Page 243
Translated Works of Endo Shusaku......Page 250
Japanese......Page 256
Japanese......Page 258
English......Page 260
Japanese......Page 261
English......Page 264
Newspapers......Page 267
Internet Information......Page 268
Glossary......Page 270
Index of Names......Page 274