Chinese Archery Studies: Theoretic and Historic Approaches to a Martial Discipline

Acknowledgments
Notes About Language, Measurements, and Time
Introduction
Contents
Editors and Contributors
Background: Theory, Material Culture and Literature
Toward a Framework for Understanding Traditional Chinese Archery Culture
	1 Introduction
	2 Military Archery (Wushe), Archery Rites (Lishe), and Archery Examination (Shishe)
	3 Han Archery and Hu Archery
	4 Conclusion
	References
Archery Books in China
	References
The Bows of China
	1 Introduction
	2 Archaeology
	3 Geographical Range and Ethnonyms
	4 The Period up to 1000 BCE
		4.1 Scythian/Saka Bows of the Eastern Zhou Period
		4.2 Proto-Xiongnu/Xiongnu Bows
		4.3 Eastern Region Han Chinese Simple Horn Composites
		4.4 Self-bows
		4.5 Bows of the Mongolian Imperial Period
		4.6 Chinese Bows in the Ming Dynasty
		4.7 The Manchu Bow
	5 Conclusion
	References
Rituals and Transmission: Archery in Ancient China
A Socio-political Study of the Chinese Archery Rituals of the Zhou Dynasty
	1 Introduction
	2 Ritual as a Phenomenon in Social Anthropology
	3 The Historical Backdrop to the Time of Confucius and the Development of Ritual
	4 Sources for the Archery Rituals
		4.1 Shang Dynasty Oracle Bones
		4.2 Inscriptions on Bronze Vessels
	5 The Actors
	6 The Actions
	7 The Implements
		7.1 Bows
		7.2 Arrows
		7.3 Target
		7.4 Thumb Rings and Bracers
	8 The Music
	9 The Hymns
		9.1 Zouyu
		9.2 The Raccoon’s Head
		9.3 Gathering the Ping Herb
		9.4 Gathering the Fan Plant
	10 Sights, Sounds and Smells
	11 Conclusion
		11.1 Social Outcomes
		11.2 Political Outcomes
	References
Archery Masters in Ancient China
	References
Diplomacy and Exchange: China’s Foreign Relations Through the Lens of Archery
Banquet Archery at Yujinyuan Garden in the Song Dynasty
	References
Chinese Archery’s Historical Influence on Japan
	References
Archery in Manchu China: Diversity and Unity
Manchu Archery
	1 Introduction
	2 The Manchus
	3 The Role of Archery
	4 The Manchu Bow
	5 Origin of the Design
	6 Bow Decoration
	7 Arrows
		7.1 Needles and Blades
		7.2 Specialized Arrows
		7.3 Whistling Arrows
	8 Manchu Archery
	9 Specifics of the Style
	10 Conclusion
	References
The Imperial Hunt in the Qing Dynasty
	1 Archery as a Unique Method of Hunting
	2 The Functions of Archery
	3 Two Exemplary Imperial Hunters: Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong
	4 Imperial Patronage for Hunting
	References
The Institution and Administration of Imperial Bowyers and Fletchers During the Qing Dynasty
	1 Official Positions of Bowyers and Fletchers
		1.1 Roles and Responsibilities
		1.2 Roles and Responsibilities of Fletchers
	2 Administration of Bowyers and Fletchers
		2.1 Promotion and Sacking
		2.2 Salary
		2.3 Reward and Punishment
	3 Conclusion
	References
Markers of Ancestral Heritage: Manchu Arrowheads
	1 A Whistling Arrowhead
	2 Huangchao liqi tushi
	3 The Place of the Bow
	4 Markers of Manchu Identity
	5 The Imperial Hunt at Mulan
	6 The Range of Manchu Arrowheads
	7 Whistling Arrowheads
	References
Solon Archery Tradition: Forgotten Martial Arts of a Qing Elite Force
	1 Mystery Solon Arrows
	2 In Search of the Solon
	3 Solon Before the Banners
	4 Solon Martial Culture and Archery Tradition
	5 Solon Banners
	6 Manchu Influence on Solon Archery
	7 Solon and Sibe Archery
	References
Contemporary Revival and Development of Traditional Asian Archery
Archery Rites: Remaking Confucian Rites
	1 Introduction
	2 Ritual Archery and Confucian Rites
	3 The Reenactment of Ritual Archery in the Re-making of Confucian Rites Project
	4 The Archery Rites and Intangible Cultural Heritage in China
	5 Reenactment and the Archery Rites
	6 Rites of the Provincial Archery Competition Xiang She Li
	7 Recording the Rites of the Provincial Archery Competition
	8 Transmitting Ritual Embodied Acts
	9 Aesthetic Transcription Through the Annotation of Ritual Movement
	10 Exhibiting the Rites of the Provincial Archery Competition
	11 Immersive Visualization Platforms
	12 Conclusion
	References
Korean Archery: Modern Transition and Development
	1 Introduction
	2 Beginning of Modern Traditional Archery (1899–1910)
	3 Development of Modern Traditional Archery (1910–1945)
	4 Rebuilding and Development of Modern Traditional Archery (1945–2010)
		4.1 Rebuilding
		4.2 Adoption of Western-Style Archery and Coexistence
		4.3 Development
	5 Conclusion
	References
Three Fundamental Conditions for the Revival of Traditional Chinese Archery
	1 The Bow
	2 Arrows
	3 Shooting Method
	References
Glossary of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Manchu Terms
Index