China Internet Development Report 2019: Blue Book for World Internet Conference, Translated by CCTB Translation Service

Preface
Twenty-Five Years of China’s Internet Development
	Arising in Accordance with the Situation: Internet Development Thriving in China
	Planning in Accordance with the Situation: Accelerating Progress Toward the Strategic Goal of Building China’s Strength in Cyberspace
	Acting in Accordance with the Situation: Grasping Opportunities for Informatization
Overview
	I. New Achievements and Progress of China’s Internet Development in 2019
		1. Optimized and Upgraded Network Infrastructure
		2. Reinforced Independent Innovation Capacity in Network Information Technology
		3. Thriving Digital Economy
		4. More Actions for People to Benefit More from the Internet and Informatization
		5. Enhanced Construction and Management of Online Contents
		6. Steadily Improved Ability to Protect Cybersecurity
		7. Deepened International Exchange and Cooperation on Cyberspace
	II. Innovation and Achievement of Internet Development in China’s Provinces (Autonomous Regions, Municipalities)
		1. CIDI 2019 Composite Ranking
		2. Itemized Score Index and Rankings
			3. Rankings of Information Infrastructure Construction Index
			4. Rankings of Innovation Capacity Index
			5. Rankings of Digital Economy Development Index
			6. Rankings of Internet Application Index
			7. Rankings of Cybersecurity Index
			8. Rankings of Internet Governance Index
	III. Prospects of China’s Internet Development
		1. Information Infrastructure Construction Will Become a New Fulcrum to Support Development and Transformation
		2. Digital Economy Will Continue Growing with Higher Quality, Contributing to Economic Transformation
		3. Cybersecurity Will Have to Tackle Interwoven Risks and Frequent Threats
		4. The Development of Internet Media Will Feature Changes, Innovation and Deep Convergence
		5. Patterns of Global Internet Governance Will Be Adjusted with Rules Developed
Contents
1 Information Infrastructure Construction
	1.1 Outline
	1.2 Progress in Broadband Network Construction
		1.2.1 Optimized Backbone Network Structure
		1.2.2 Accelerated Deployment of Gigabit Optical Network
		1.2.3 China Entering the First Year for Commercial Uses of 5G Mobile Broadband Network
		1.2.4 Steady Progress in the Deployment of Space Internet
		1.2.5 Accelerated Expansion of International Communication Facilities
		1.2.6 The Pilot Programs of the Universal Telecom Service Boosting Rural Development
	1.3 Application Facilities Undergoing Rapid Development
		1.3.1 The Layout of Internet Data Center (IDC) Maintaining Sound Development
		1.3.2 Enhanced Capability of Integrating Cloud Computing Platforms
		1.3.3 CDN Industry Continuing to Grow
		1.3.4 Increased Holdings of Basic Internet Resources
		1.3.5 Accelerated Scale Commercial Deployment of IPv6
	1.4 Accelerated Pace of New Facilities Construction
		1.4.1 Accelerated Facility Deployment Driven by Rising Demands in IoT Industry
		1.4.2 Phased Progress in the Construction of Network Facilities of Industrial Internet
2 Development of Network Information Technology
	2.1 Outline
	2.2 Steady Progress in Basic Network Information Technology
		2.2.1 Strengthened Capability of High-Performance Computing
		2.2.2 Progress Made in Software Technology
		2.2.3 Continuous Development of Integrated Circuit Technology
	2.3 Active Innovation in Cutting-Edge Technologies
		2.3.1 Continuously Deepened AI Development
		2.3.2 Steady Progress in Edge Computing
		2.3.3 Gradual Improvement in China’s Speed and Capability of Technological Innovation in Big Data
		2.3.4 Accelerated Development of VR Technology
		2.3.5 Sustained Efforts in the Research and Development of Quantum Information Technology
3 Development of Digital Economy
	3.1 Outline
	3.2 New Engines Playing an Increasingly Prominent Role
		3.2.1 Digital Economy Creating Conditions for the Shift in Driving Forces for Development
		3.2.2 Digital Economy Enhancing People’s Sense of Happiness and Gain
		3.2.3 Digital Economy Providing Impetus to Coping with the Downward Pressure on Global Economy
	3.3 Gradual Improvement in China’s Macro Policy Environment
		3.3.1 Strengthening the Guiding Role of Strategic Plans
		3.3.2 Accelerating the Implementation of Relevant Policies
		3.3.3 Accelerating Coordinated Regional Development
	3.4 Industrial Digitalization Developing Towards Deep Integration
		3.4.1 Industrial Internet Promoting the Digital Transformation of Enterprises
		3.4.2 Deepening Digital Transformation in the Service Sector
		3.4.3 Continuous Digital Transformation in the Agricultural Sector
	3.5 Steady Progress in Digital Industrialization
		3.5.1 Telecommunications Industry Playing a Greater Supporting Role
		3.5.2 Growing Business Income of Internet Enterprises
		3.5.3 Electronics and Information Manufacturing Industry Boosting Industrial Growth
		3.5.4 Software and Information Technology Service Industry Witnessing Rapid Growth in Income
	3.6 Profound Impact on Employment
		3.6.1 Digital Economy Creating New Patterns of Flexible Employment
		3.6.2 The Risk of Structural Unemployment Still Needing to Be Guarded Against
4 E-government Construction
	4.1 Outline
	4.2 Progressive Improvement in the Governance System and Mechanism of E-government
		4.2.1 Increasing Improvement in the Overall Planning and Coordination Mechanism
		4.2.2 Accelerating the Establishment of the E-government Policy and Standard System
		4.2.3 Continuously Optimizing the Functions of E-government Management Departments
		4.2.4 Explorations Made in Comprehensive Pilot Projects
	4.3 Solid Progress in “Internet + Government Services”
		4.3.1 The National Integrated Online Government Service Platform Starting Online Operation
		4.3.2 Continuous Innovation in Online Government Service Patterns
		4.3.3 Online Government Service Channels Becoming More Diversified
		4.3.4 A Greater Variety of Entities Participating in E-government Construction
	4.4 Efforts Stepped up in the Integration and Sharing of Government Information Systems and the Open Access of Public Information Resources
		4.4.1 Steady Progress in the Integration and Sharing of Government Information Systems
		4.4.2 Accelerating the Opening of Public Information Resources
		4.4.3 Remarkable Achievements in the Integration and Sharing of Information Resources
	4.5 Technological Innovation Playing a More Important Role in Supporting E-government Development
		4.5.1 IoT Technology Helping Improve the Government’s Capacity of Digital Perception
		4.5.2 Big Data Making the Government’s Decision-Making More Scientific
		4.5.3 AI Enhancing the Intelligence Level of Public Services
		4.5.4 Blockchain Technology Helping Creating an Environment of Sincerity and Honesty
	4.6 Further Consolidation of the Basic Support and Assurance System
		4.6.1 Significant Rise in the Intensive Level of Infrastructure and Application
		4.6.2 Continuous Improvement in the Capacity to Protect Cybersecurity
		4.6.3 Intensified Efforts in Talent Team Construction
5 Construction and Management of Online Contents
	5.1 Outline
	5.2 Continuously Amplifying the Mainstream Tone in Online Public Communication
		5.2.1 Effective and Efficient Online Propaganda of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era
		5.2.2 Strong Atmosphere of Online Theme Publicity on Celebrating the 70th Anniversary of the Founding of the People’s Republic of China
		5.2.3 Highlights in the Online Publicity of the Classical Marxism Theory and the Party’s Innovative Theory
	5.3 Continuous Improvement of the Internet Communication Capability
		5.3.1 Integrated Media Development Continuously Deepening
		5.3.2 Continuous Optimization of Content Production Models
		5.3.3 Brand-New and Diversified Internet Cultural Products
	5.4 Continuous Improvement of the Integrated Internet Governance System
		5.4.1 Continuous Improvement of the Leadership and Command System
		5.4.2 Continuous Deepening of Law-Based Internet Governance
		5.4.3 Enterprises Continuing to Fulfill Their Primary Responsibilities
		5.4.4 Social Supervision Channels Becoming More Smooth
		5.4.5 Self-discipline Consciousness of Internet Users Continuously Growing
6 Cybersecurity Protection and Assurance
	6.1 Outline
	6.2 Severe and Complicated Cybersecurity Situation in China
		6.2.1 Traditional Cybersecurity Threats Remaining Severe
		6.2.2 New Cybersecurity Threats Continuing to Emerge
		6.2.3 Key Industries Facing Serious Cybersecurity Risks
	6.3 Positive Progress in the Cybersecurity Protection and Assurance Work
		6.3.1 Accelerating Efforts in the Security Protection of Critical Information Infrastructure
		6.3.2 Upgrading and Improving the System for Classified Protection of Cybersecurity
		6.3.3 Intensifying Data Security Administration and Personal Information Protection
		6.3.4 Making Great Efforts to Improve the Security and Controllability Level of Cloud Computing Services
	6.4 More Efforts Made in the Handling and Special Rectification of Cybersecurity Incidents
		6.4.1 Continued Efforts in the Handling of Cybersecurity Incidents
		6.4.2 Solid Progress in the Management of Prominent Cybersecurity Issues
		6.4.3 Punishing Illegal Activities in Cyberspace by Law
	6.5 Steady Progress in Cybersecurity Industry and Technology
		6.5.1 Cybersecurity Industry Showing an Overall Good Momentum of Development
		6.5.2 Emerging Technologies Boosting the Development of Cybersecurity Industry
		6.5.3 Constantly Optimized Ecological Environment of Cybersecurity Industry
		6.5.4 Industrial Organizations Driving the Development of Cybersecurity Industry
	6.6 Consolidating the Basis of Cybersecurity Work
		6.6.1 Intensifying Cybersecurity Personnel Training
		6.6.2 Continuously Improving the Citizens’ Protection Awareness and Skills of Cybersecurity
7 Rule of Law Construction in Cyberspace
	7.1 Outline
	7.2 Accelerated Introduction of Internet-related Laws and Constant Improvement in the Cyberspace Legal System
		7.2.1 Improving Supporting Laws and Regulations on Cybersecurity
		7.2.2 Regulating and Strengthening Internet Information Services
		7.2.3 Constantly Improving Laws and Regulations on Internet-based Social Management
	7.3 Intensified Efforts in Internet Law Enforcement to Facilitate the Standard and Orderly Development of Cyberspace
		7.3.1 Continuously Carrying out Cybersecurity Campaigns
		7.3.2 Cleaning Up and Rectifying Illegal and Harmful Internet Information
		7.3.3 Intensifying Law Enforcement on Internet Society Management
	7.4 Internet Justice Playing a More Important Role with the Trial Mechanism Improved Gradually
		7.4.1 Significant Achievements in Internet Court Construction
		7.4.2 Promoting Deep Institution-Technology Integration
		7.4.3 Exploring Adjudication Rules for Internet Cases
	7.5 Deepening Internet Law Promotion, with the Public’s Cyber Legal Awareness Significantly Improved
		7.5.1 Actively Promoting Cyberspace Legal Education
		7.5.2 Innovating Law Promotion and Education Activities
8 International Governance, Exchange and Cooperation in Cyberspace
	8.1 Outline
	8.2 Background for China’s International Cyberspace Governance
		8.2.1 Growing Uncertainties in International Cyberspace Environment
		8.2.2 Opportunities and Challenges Coexisting in China’s International Cyberspace Governance
	8.3 China Actively Engaging in and Promoting International Cyberspace Governance
		8.3.1 Deeply Engaging in Important Platform Activities for International Cyberspace Governance
		8.3.2 Building China-Leading International Cyberspace Governance Platform
		8.3.3 Actively Promoting Regional Multilateral Cooperation
	8.4 Actively Carrying out Cyberspace Exchange and Cooperation
		8.4.1 Properly Handling Sino-US Cyberspace Relations
		8.4.2 Expanding Sino-Russian Multi-level Cyber Communication and Cooperation
		8.4.3 Keeping Deepening Sino-EU Cyberspace Cooperation
		8.4.4 Strengthening Sino-French Cyberspace Governance Exchange and Cooperation
		8.4.5 Strengthening Sino-UK Cooperation and Exchange on Internet and Digital Policies
		8.4.6 Deepening Sino-German Internet Economic Exchange and Cooperation
		8.4.7 Strengthening Sino-Italian Exchange and Cooperation on Digital Economy
		8.4.8 Deepening Sino-Indian Internet Communication
Postscript