China and the International System, 1840-1949: Power, Presence, and Perceptions in a Century of Humiliation

Cover......Page 1
CHINA AND THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM,1840–1949......Page 4
Contents......Page 8
PREFACE: The “Century of Humiliation”as a Retrospective Icon......Page 12
Transliteration and Word Order......Page 14
THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM AND CHINA:A CHALLENGE OF TOPIC AND DISCIPLINARITY......Page 16
CULTURE AND IDENTITY......Page 18
RACE......Page 21
IMAGES......Page 22
SOURCES......Page 24
COLLIDING IMAGES......Page 28
THE FIRST OPIUM WAR (1840–1842)......Page 37
HUMILIATION AND THE UNEQUAL TREATIES SYSTEM......Page 39
CHINESE RESPONSES TO DEFEAT......Page 44
CHINESE EMIGRATION BECOMESAN INTERNATIONAL ISSUE......Page 47
THE SECOND OPIUM WAR (1857–1860)......Page 50
GEOCULTURAL POLITICS AND THE BURNING OF THE SUMMER PALACE......Page 58
RUSSIA’S DRIVE TO THE AMUR BASIN AND VLADIVOSTOK......Page 62
EFFECTS AND AFTERMATH OF THE SECOND OPIUM WAR......Page 64
“SELF-STRENGTHENING” ADVOCATES IN CHINA......Page 67
CHINESE IMMIGRATION ISSUES IN THEUNITED STATES AND THE “HEATHEN CHINEE”......Page 73
THE “CHINESE THREAT” IN AUSTRALASIA......Page 78
ONGOING AND NEW THREATS TO CHINA IN ASIA......Page 80
POLITICAL RESTRICTIONS IN CALIFORNIA......Page 85
CHINESE DIPLOMACY IN THE WEST......Page 90
4. China’s Attempted “Awakening”......Page 94
CHINA’S MILITARY REVIVAL......Page 95
AUSTRALASIAN INVASION SCARES AND POLITICAL DEBATES......Page 99
AMERICAN SOCIAL DARWINISMAND ANTI-IMMIGRATION POLITICS......Page 111
RUSSIAN RESPONSES TO CHINA......Page 118
AN ANGLO-CHINESE ALLIANCE?......Page 122
THE “MARCH OF THE MONGOL”AND “THE CHINESE QUESTION”......Page 124
CHINESE VOICES ON “CHINA’S AWAKENING”......Page 129
THE SINO-JAPANESE WAR OF 1894–1895......Page 132
EASTERN PERSPECTIVES ON THE SINO-JAPANESE WAR......Page 134
WESTERN PERSPECTIVES ON THE SINO-JAPANESE WAR......Page 137
REFORMIST ANALYSIS AND IMPERIAL LEADERSHIP......Page 142
“SLICED LIKE A WATER-MELON”......Page 147
THE BOXER REVOLT......Page 158
AUTUMNAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE BOXER REVOLT......Page 166
CHINESE PERSPECTIVES......Page 169
REEMERGENCE OF A CHINA THREAT PERCEPTION......Page 170
RUSSIAN GEOPOLITICS......Page 173
XINZHENG REFORMS AND CHINESE NATIONALISM......Page 176
THE RUSSO-JAPANESE WARAND A SINO-JAPANESE AXIS......Page 186
IMMIGRATION AND TRADE FURORSACROSS THE PACIFIC......Page 191
FALL OF THE QING......Page 197
IMAGES OF A NEW REPUBLIC, A NEW CHINA......Page 204
YELLOW PERIL INCARNATIONS(FU MANCHU AND OTHERS)......Page 207
CHINA AND “WORLD” WAR I......Page 211
DIPLOMATIC BETRAYALS ANDTHE MAY FOURTH MOVEMENT......Page 220
RACE AND CULTURE, PAN-ASIANISM,AND CHINESE NATIONALISM......Page 224
THE SOVIET FACTOR......Page 233
UNEQUAL TREATIES REVISION ANDNATIONALIST AGITATION-RENEWAL......Page 235
NATIONAL REUNIFICATION AND UNCERTAINTIES......Page 250
7. Wartime Humiliations from Japan and the West......Page 258
THE MANCHURIAN AFFAIR AND AFTERMATH......Page 259
THE SECOND SINO-JAPANESE WAR (1937–1945)......Page 267
YELLOW-RED PERILS?......Page 273
IMMIGRATION AND EXTRATERRITORIALITY,STRATEGIC REVISIONS......Page 279
PERCEPTIONS OF CHINA’S STATUSAS A GREAT POWER AND MILITARY ALLY......Page 283
WESTERN COMMENTS ON CHINA’S POSTWAR ROLE......Page 289
RACE, POPULATION, AND IMMIGRATIONRESURFACE ACROSS THE PACIFIC......Page 295
WHOSE CHINA?......Page 298
8. Legacies......Page 308
Bibliography......Page 314
B......Page 362
C......Page 363
D......Page 364
H......Page 365
K......Page 366
M......Page 367
P......Page 368
S......Page 369
T......Page 370
W......Page 371
Z......Page 372