China’s e-Science Blue Book 2020

Contents
Introduction
Overview of e-Science Research in China
	1 Introduction
	2 Overview
		2.1 Application in the Frontier Research of Science and Technology
		2.2 Progress of E-Science in Major Projects
		2.3 Achievements of Informatization in Interdisciplinary
	3 Conclusions and outlook
	References
Application in the Frontier Research of Science and Technology
Biomedicine Big Data—Trends and Prospect
	1 Development and Connotations of BMBD
		1.1 Biological Connotations of BMBD
		1.2 Medical Connotations of BMBD
		1.3 Data Science Connotation of BMBD
	2 Current Status and Trends of BMBD
		2.1 Current Status and Trends of BMBD R&D
		2.2 Current Status and Trends of BMBD R&D by Medical and Health Institutions
		2.3 Current Status and Trends of BMBD Development and Utilization by IT Enterprises
		2.4 Current Status and Trends of BMBD Policy Management
		2.5 Application of BMBD in the Prevention and Control of COVID-19: Potential and Prospect
	3 Policy Analysis and Recommendations on the Development of BMBD in China
		3.1 Construction of a Basic Science and Technology Service Platform for BMBD with an Integrative Infrastructure Comprised of Nationwide Distributed Special Nodes
		3.2 Optimization of Data Integration with Security Management and Data Sharing with Interactive and Efficient System for the BMBD Governance
		3.3 Improvement of the Mechanisms for the Transformation of BMBD from Scientific Innovation to Application R&D
		3.4 The Building Up of a BMBD Team at the Nationwide Level Requires Multi-disciplinary Talents and Engineering Professionals
	References
The Progress of High Performance Computing in China and the Development Trend of International High Performance Computing
	1 Introduction
	2 The Latest Development of High Performance Computing in China
		2.1 China's HPC Achievements in the Recent TOP500 Lists
		2.2 Main Deficiencies in the Development of High Performance Computing in China
	3 The Technical Breakthroughs and Applications of Sunway TaihuLight
		3.1 System Overview
		3.2 Major Technological Breakthroughs
		3.3 Application of the System
	4 Upsurge of Exascale Computers R&D in the World
		4.1 American Exascale Computers
		4.2 Japanese Exascale Computers
		4.3 European Exascale Computers
		4.4 Chinese Exascale Computers
	5 Development Trend of International High Performance Computing
	6 Conclusions
	References
The Informationized Application of On-orbit Data Processing of the Dark Matter Particle Explorer
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Overview of DAMPE
		1.2 Summary of DAMPE Payloads
		1.3 On Orbit Operation of DAMPE
		1.4 Present Research Status
		1.5 The Advancement of DAMPESW
	2 Processing of Scientific Data
		2.1 The Scientific Application System of DAMPE
		2.2 Scientific Data Processing Software DAMPESW
		2.3 Satellite Data Processing Flow
		2.4 DAMPESW Workflow
	3 Hardware Components and Network Structure
	4 Conclusion
Atomic-Scale Investigations on Water Science Based on Information Technology
	1 Introduction
	2 Sub-molecular Imaging for Interfacial Water
		2.1 Digital Imaging and Automated Control
		2.2 Sub-molecular Orbital Imaging
		2.3 Sub-molecular Atomic Force Imaging
	3 Sub-molecular Researches for Interfacial Water Systems
		3.1 Proton Transfer Dynamics in Hydrogen-Bonding Network
		3.2 The Influence of Nuclear Quantum Effect on Hydrogen-Bond Strength
		3.3 Structure of Ion Hydrates and the Magic Number Effect in Ion Hydrate Transportation
	4 Summary and Expectations
	References
Opportunities and Challenges for Biometrics
	1 Introduction
	2 The Development Status of Biometric Recognition Technology
		2.1 Overview
		2.2 Face Recognition Technology
		2.3 Iris Recognition Technology
		2.4 Fingerprint Recognition Technology
		2.5 Gait Recognition Technology
		2.6 Other Biometric Recognition Technologies
	3 Development Trends and Opportunities of Biometrics
		3.1 Regulatory and Policy Support
		3.2 Growing Biometric Market
		3.3 Inter-Connected Application Platform
		3.4 Upgrading Technology
	4 Major Challenges in Developing Next-Generation Biometrics
		4.1 The Ease of Acquisition
		4.2 Recognition Robustness
		4.3 Real-Time Matching
		4.4 Credibility and Security
		4.5 Coordinated Identification in Physical and Cyberspace
		4.6 Evaluation and Certification
	5 Development Strategies on Biometric Technologies
		5.1 Overall Solution for Large-Scale Biometric Applications
		5.2 Biometrics’ IntelliSense and Human–Computer Interaction
		5.3 Robust Biometric Identification Method
		5.4 Biometric System Security Protection
		5.5 Coordinated Biometrics Across Physical and Cyberspace
		5.6 Biometric Evaluation and Certification Platform
	6 Conclusion
	References
Progress of e-Science in Major Projects
Big Data Promotes the Tibetan Plateau and Pan-Third Pole Earth System Science
	1 Introduction
	2 Architecture of Pan-Third Pole Big Data System
		2.1 Data Management and Sharing Platform
		2.2 Construction of Information Infrastructure
		2.3 Standardized System Regulation
	3 Pan-Third Pole Data Resources
		3.1 Keywords of the Data Classification System for the Pan-Third Pole Scientific Data
		3.2 Combination of Pan-Third Pole Data
		3.3 Integration of Pan-Third Pole Data
		3.4 Key Datasets for Pan-Third Pole
		3.5 Data Sharing: Principle and Mode
	4 Intellectual Property and Data Publication
		4.1 Data DOI
		4.2 Data Distribution Protocol
		4.3 Literature Citation of Original Data
		4.4 Data Citation
		4.5 Data Protection Period
		4.6 Data Publication and Data Repository for Research Paper
		4.7 Permission of User Authority
	5 Big Data Analysis for Pan-Third Pole
		5.1 Method Library Framework
		5.2 Cases for the Use of Big Data Methods in Geological Research on the Pan-Third Pole Environment
	6 Conclusions
	References
Information Construction and Prospect of EAST Collaborative Experimental Platform
	1 EAST Introduction
	2 The Demand of Information Construction for EAST Magnetic Confinement Nuclear Fusion Experiment
	3 EAST Collaborative Experimental Platform Information Construction
		3.1 Experimental Proposal and Plan Management
		3.2 Experimental Operation Management
		3.3 High Speed Acquisition and Storage of Experimental Data
		3.4 Experimental Data Access and Sharing
	4 Achievements of Information Construction and Application of EAST Collaborative Experimental Platform
	5 Future Planning and Prospect of EAST Collaborative Experimental Platform
	6 Summary
	References
Chinese VLBI Network and e-VLBI Technology Applications in Chinese Lunar Exploration Program
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Very Long Baseline Interferometry
		1.2 VLBI Application
		1.3 Real-Time e-VLBI
	2 Chinese VLBI Network
	3 Application of CVN and e-VLBI in CLEP
		3.1 Chinese Lunar Exploration Project
		3.2 VLBI Measurement System for CLEP
		3.3 Application in CLEP Phase I
		3.4 Application in CLEP Phase II
		3.5 Application in CLEP Phase III
		3.6 Chang’E-4 Mission
		3.7 Technical Performance Statistics
	4 Future Plans
	References
International Cooperation Program for Major Microbial Data Resources: Global Catalogue of Microorganisms (GCM)
	1 The Context of GCM Program
	2 GCM1.0 Global Catalogue of Microorganisms
	3 GCM2.0 Global Microbial Type Strain Genome and Microbiome Sequencing Project
		3.1 Whole Genome Sequencing of Type Strains: An Important Breakthrough Point for Decoding the Correlation Between Gene Composition and Function
		3.2 The Network Establishment Program of the International Microbial Type Strain Genome and Microbiome Sequencing Cooperation
		3.3 GCM Global Cooperation Program Supporting 2019-nCoV Outbreak
	4 Summary and Prospect
	References
Current Situation and Prospect of EMDB/EMPIAR-China
	1 Introduction
	2 Design and Technical Framework
	3 EMDB/EMPIAR-China: Launching the Chinese Mirror Site
		3.1 EMDB/EMPIAR-China Data Mirror
		3.2 EMDB/EMPIAR-China Web Service
	4 Operational Situation of the EMDB/EMPIAR-China Site
	5 Summary and Prospects
	References
The Ecology of High-Performance Computing
	1 Study on the Development of HPC
		1.1 Evolution of High Performance Computing in Developed Countries
		1.2 Development of High Performance Computing in China
		1.3 Deep Integration of Computer Technology and Application Promotes the Development of HPC
		1.4 CNGrid Aggregates Resources of HPC Ecology in China
		1.5 Study of Future Developing Trend of HPC Ecology
	2 Establishing and Developing HPC Ecology in China
		2.1 Significance of the Development
		2.2 Problems and Challenges
		2.3 Suggestions for the Development
	3 Summary and Expectation
	References
Advanced Scientific Research Environment Evolution and Cloud Service Architecture Design Integrating 5G Technology
	1 Introduction
	2 5G Key Technologies
		2.1 Network Slicing
		2.2 Edge Computing
		2.3 High Speed Wireless Access
		2.4 New Radio in Unlicensed Spectrum
		2.5 Cloud Oriented Core Network and Access Network
	3 Demands of Scientific Research Cloud Construction
	4 5G Scientific Research Cloud Architecture
		4.1 Design Ideas
		4.2 Technology Architecture
		4.3 Typical Scenarios
	5 Summary and Outlook
	References
Composite Autonomous Anti-disturbance Control for Systems with Multiple Disturbances
	1 Research Background and Problem Requirements for Autonomous Anti-disturbance Control
		1.1 Development History of Anti-disturbance Control Theory
		1.2 Existing Problems
	2 Refined Anti-disturbance Control Theory and Methods for Systems with Multiple Disturbances
		2.1 Unknown Disturbance Estimation and Performance Analysis Methods for Systems with Multiple Disturbances
		2.2 Composite Hierarchical Anti-disturbance Control and Filter for Systems with Multiple Disturbances
	3 Composite Autonomous Anti-disturbance Control System Technology of Spacecraft and Its Application
		3.1 Composite Disturbances Filter and Attitude Determination Method of Spacecraft
		3.2 Composite Hierarchical Anti-disturbance Attitude Control Technology of Spacecraft
	4 Summary and Prospect
	References
Evolution Towards Quantum Metrology and the Action Agenda for Developing IT-Enabled Metrology
	1 Evolution of Metrology Over the Past 150 years
	2 China’s Efforts and Achievements in Developing Quantum Metrology
		2.1 Initiatives of World Major Science Leaders
		2.2 Contributions of China to the SI Revision
	3 An Outlook to Informatization of Metrology
		3.1 Quantum Metrology Supports Management of Scientific Research Data
		3.2 Quantum Metrology Supports Sensor and Intelligent Instrument Industry
		3.3 Quantum Metrology Supports Other Key Technologies
		3.4 Establish a Quantum Metrology Research Base in Shenzhen
	References
Development and Services of Resource Discovery System of National Science and Technology Library
	1 The Development of the National Scientific and Technical Literature’s Information Guarantee System
		1.1 Original Intention and Mission
		1.2 Organizational System
		1.3 Function and Influence
	2 The Situation Faced by the National Scientific and Technical Literature’s Information Guarantee Work
		2.1 The Problem of Unbalanced and Insufficient Supply of Scientific and Technical Literature is Still Severe
		2.2 The Opening and Integration Need to Innovate the Mode of Information Guarantee Services
		2.3 Big Data and Cloud Computing Have Generated the Demand for the Next Generation of Knowledge Service System
	3 Building of the National Scientific and Technical Literature’s Resources Discovery Platform
		3.1 Promoting the Establishment of Scientific and Technical Literature’s Metadata Resources Integration and Fusion System
		3.2 Carrying Out the Development of Knowledge Organization System and Its Application Demonstration Intensively
		3.3 Strengthening the Application of Semantic Knowledge Organization of Scientific and Technical Literature and Correlation Technology and Methods
		3.4 Building a New Generation of Scientific and Technical Literature Resource Discovery Platform
		3.5 Developing Thematic Portals Based on the Discovery System and International Scientific and Technological Citation System
	4 To Promote and Deepen the National Scientific and Technical Literature’s Resource Discovery Service
		4.1 To Develop a User Management System of Unified Authentication
		4.2 To Innovate the Scientific and Technical Literature’s Public Service System Covering the Whole Country
		4.3 To Deepen the Intelligence Service System for Major Tasks and Important Decisions
		4.4 To Promote the Competitive Intelligence Services for Regional Economic Development
	5 Conclusion
	References
The Development of Chinese Sociological Knowledge Space Based on Linguistic Representation
	1 Knowledge Graph Mapping Based on Natural Language
		1.1 Data Sources and Word Vector Modeling
		1.2 Measurement and Model Fitting
	2 Evolution of the Chinese Sociological Knowledge Space
		2.1 Rapid Expansion of Knowledge Space and the Process of Reconstruction of Chinese Sociology
		2.2 Network Dynamics and Evolution of Knowledge Space
		2.3 Trends in Indigenization in Chinese Knowledge Space
	3 Characteristics of Knowledge Space Network and Discipline
	4 Conclusions
	References
Management and Service System of CAS Key Laboratory
	1 Background
	2 Features
		2.1 Lab Management Module
		2.2 Achievement Management Module
		2.3 Annual Report Module
		2.4 Data Analysis Module
		2.5 Online Assessment Module
		2.6 Notification Module
	3 Key Technologies
		3.1 System Structure
		3.2 Collaborative Management
		3.3 Data Warehouse
		3.4 Distributed Database
		3.5 Security Mechanism
	4 Application Effectiveness
	5 Summary
	References
Achievements of Informatization in Interdisciplinary
Current Situation and Prospect of CERNET
	1 Overview
	2 Development Status of CERNET Backbone
	3 Development Status of CERNET2 Backbone
	4 Development Status of CERNET Internet Exchange Point
	5 Support Major Application of Education and Scientific Research
	6 Conclusion and Expectation
Implementation of the Informatization Application Scenario for Prevention and Control of Desertification in the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor of the Belt and Road Initiative—Taking the China-Mongolia Railway (Mongolia Section) as an Example
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Research Significance
		1.2 Research Status
	2 Study Area and Data Sources
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Data Sources
	3 Application Scenario Implementation Scheme
		3.1 Distributed Remote-Sensing Data Storage
		3.2 Remote Sensing Data Preprocessing
		3.3 Correlation Analysis of Geographical Differentiation Law and Feature Space Modeling
		3.4 Principle of the Distributed Remote Sensing Data Model
		3.5 Construction of a Feature Space Model and Fine Extraction of Desertification Information
	4 Applied Scenario Result Analysis
		4.1 Desertification Distribution Pattern Along Railways in 2015
		4.2 Distribution Pattern of Land Degradation Along the Railway in the Periods 1990–2010 and 1990–2015
		4.3 Analysis of the Driving Forces Behind Desertification and Land Degradation Along the Railway
	5 Conclusions
	References
Establishment and Operational Application of China National Air Quality Forecast and Early Warning Device
	1 Introduction
	2 Main Ideas of This Project
	3 Key Components of This Project
		3.1 Design and Establishment of National Air Quality Forecast and Early Warning Device
		3.2 Optimizing the Device and Developing Key Technologies for Forecasting and Early Warning of Heavy Pollution Episodes
		3.3 Establishment of National Routine Air Quality Ensemble Forecast and Early Warning System
	4 Application of This Device
		4.1 Supporting the Information Release of the National Air Quality Forecast
		4.2 Supporting Early Warning of Heavy Pollution Episodes and Emergency Response with Emission Control
		4.3 Supporting Air Quality Assurance for Major National Activities, Promoting International Cooperation, Economic Development and Environmental Protection
	5 Summary and Outlook
	References
Practice on Big Data Platform for Subject Knowledge Discovery in Stem Cell
	1 Introduction
	2 Background of SCKD
		2.1 Developmental Needs of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine
		2.2 e-Science Requirements for Subject Knowledge Discovery in Stem Cell
	3 Technical Framework of SCKD
		3.1 General Objectives
		3.2 Technical Framework
		3.3 Key Technologies
	4 Achievements and Service Effect
		4.1 Achievements
		4.2 Service Effect
	5 Summary
	References
“One-Time Face Recognition System” Drives Changes in Civil Aviation Smart Security Screening Mode
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Development Process of Civil Aviation Security Screening
		1.2 Trade-Offs Between Safety and Efficiency
		1.3 New Generation Smart Security Screening Promotion Plan
	2 One-Time Face Recognition System
		2.1 Introduction of One-Time Face Recognition System
		2.2 Driving Reforms in Civil Aviation Security Screening Modes
	3 Proof of the Application of One-Time Face Recognition System
		3.1 Analysis of Application Demonstration at Hohhot Baita International Airport
		3.2 Effectiveness of Application Demonstration of the Services
	4 Summary and Outlook
	References
Urban Resources, Environment, and Ecology (UREE) Big Data Platform: Construction and Application
	1 Introduction
	2 UREE Big Data Platform Architecture
		2.1 Platform Architecture
		2.2 Core Function
		2.3 Key Technology
	3 UREE Big Data Platform Construction
		3.1 UREE Data Resources Construction
		3.2 Platform Business Function Construction
	4 Results and Prospects
	References
Present Situation and Development Prospect of the Digital Orchard Technology
	1 Introduction
	2 Connotation of the Digital Orchard
		2.1 Digital Model of Fruit Tree
		2.2 Digital Management and Control of Orchard Production
		2.3 Product Quality and Safety Digital Management and Traceability
		2.4 Digital Management of Fruit Circulation and E-commerce
	3 Research and Application of the Digital Orchard Technology
		3.1 Information on Orchard Environment and Fruit Growth
		3.2 Model of Fruit Production Management
		3.3 Platform of Orchard Digital Management
		3.4 Application of Research Achievements
	4 Development Trend of the Digital Orchard
	5 Conclusion
	References
Study on Intelligent Management and Control Technology for Apiculture Production
	1 Apiary Environmental Information Collection and Monitoring Based on the Internet of Things
	2 Development of Key Equipment for Intelligent Beehive
	3 Research and Development of Bee Product Quality and Safety Control System
	4 Visual Analysis of the Whole Industry Chain of Bee Products
	5 Conclusion
	References
Machine Vision Based Phenotype Recognition of Plant and Animal
	1 Introduction
	2 Machine Vision Based Plant Phenotype Recognition
	3 Machine Vision Based Animal Phenotype Recognition
	4 Machine Vision Based Agricultural Equipment and Robots
	5 Problems and Challenges
	6 Summary and Prospect
	References
Research and Application of Key Technologies for Request Prediction and Assignment on Ridesharing Platforms
	1 Introduction
	2 Progress of Relevant Research
	3 ETA Techniques
		3.1 Feature Engineering
		3.2 Target Optimization
		3.3 Deep Learning Model Structure (Wide-Deep-Recurrent Network, WDR)
		3.4 Experiment Result
	4 Reinforcement Learning-Based Smart Request Assignment Technique
		4.1 Spatio-Temporal Value Model
		4.2 Matching Strategy
		4.3 The Algorithmic Procedure
		4.4 Experiment Result
	5 Deep Learning-Based Spatio-Temporal Predictive Technique
		5.1 Demand Volume Predictive Model Based on Multi-graph Spatio-Temporal CNN
		5.2 Graph Generation Module
		5.3 Spatio-Temporal Modeling
		5.4 Experiment Result
	6 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Construction of a Scientific Research Integrated Management Information Service Platform Integration in a Form of Cross-Platform and Multi-disciplinary Organization
	1 Background of Platform Construction
		1.1 Construction Planning of National Laboratory for Physical Sciences
		1.2 Current Situation of Information Construction in Chinese Scientific Research Institutes
		1.3 Demands for the Operation Management Information Construction in National Laboratories
	2 Construction Principles and Objectives
		2.1 Construction Principles
		2.2 Construction Objectives
	3 Overall Architecture Design of Platform
		3.1 Application Architecture
		3.2 Technical Architecture
		3.3 Data Architecture
		3.4 Security Architecture
	4 Application Demonstration and Key Works in the Future
		4.1 Pre-implementation Approval System of Beijing Advanced Sciences and Innovation Centre
		4.2 Online Platform of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)
		4.3 Management Service Platform of CAS Key Laboratories
		4.4 Key Works in the Future
	References