Chemistry of Modern Papermaking

 Content: Introduction Acknowledgments References  From Wood to Paper: A General View of the Papermaking Process From the Papyrus Era to Modern Times: A Brief History of Making Paper Pulp: The Support for Paper Chemicals Paper Structure and Composition. The Chemistry of Poly-Carbohydrates Synthetic Polymers: Everywhere in Papermaking Process Paper Testing: A Difficult Task References  The Fate of Paper Chemicals at the Wet End Friends and Foes at the Wet End Polymers in Heterogeneous Systems Retention Aids References  Temporary Wet-Strength Resins A Look at the Paper Wet-Strength Concept The Synthesis of Temporary Wet-Strength Resins: General Chemistry The Synthesis of Polyacrylamide Polyaldehyde Copolymers from Polyacrylamide Paper Wet Strength and Its Decay References  Wet-Strength Resins Prepolymer Synthesis Ionic Charge Addition Polyamidoamine Epichlorohydrin Polymers as Wet-Strength Resins WSR Made from Blends Paper Wet-Strengthening Mechanisms Paper Repulpability References.  Dry-Strength Resins Involvement of Chemicals in the Dry Strength Mechanism of Paper Anionic Dry-Strength Additives Cationic Dry-Strength Additives Amphoteric Dry-Strength Resins Blends of Anionic and Cationic Resins References.  Internal Sizing Agents The Chemistry of Alum in the Papermaking Processes Rosin is Back on the Cellulose Fibers Reactive Internal Size (1): Alkyl Ketene Dimer. Reactive Internal Size (2): Akenyl Succinic Anhydride. Other Chemical Compounds Able to Fit the General Concept for an Internal Sizing Agent References  Creping Adhesives and Softeners Creping Adhesives Composition of Creping Adhesives Debonders/Softeners References  Chemicals for the Treatment of Paper Surface Surface Sizing Agents Surface Strength Agents Porosity Builders Polymers in Paper Coatings References  Index
 Abstract:             \"Chemistry of Modern Papermaking presents a chemist\'s perspective on the papermaking process. With roughly 3% of the mass of a paper product invested in water-soluble chemicals, paper makers can adjust the speed and efficiency of the process, minimize and reuse surplus materials, and differentiate a paper product as required by specific customers. With research and development scattered across academic journals or the proprietary information of a variety of companies, the modern paper maker requires a one-stop resource for the general picture of the paper chemicals organic chemistry.The remarkable effectiveness of chemicals at very low concentrations is a fascinating topic in paper chemistry. Chemistry of Modern Papermaking is an extensive collection of data combining the organic chemistry of paper with its potential applications. Within each chapter, paper chemicals are organized based on their chemical structure. After an introduction and brief history, the book explores the papermaking process, retention aids, temporary wet strength resins, wet strength resins, dry strength resins, internal sizing agents, creping adhesives and softeners, and chemicals for paper surface treatment. Uniquely, patents and scientific articles are included in almost equal number among the 3400 references. Chemistry of Modern Papermaking focuses on the chemistry behind each application, on what has been done, and on what can be done. Never before has a book analytically arranged and lucidly explained such an expansive collection of details from both the patent and scientific literature. This synthesis is achieved not only through diligent work, but also through years of industrial experience\"--Provided by publisher.
\"Foreword Readers of this book are in for a joyful experience! The authors of Chemistry of Modern Papermaking clearly have a profound enthusiasm for their subject matter, of which they care about deeply and want to share with their audience. Though there have been other textbooks dealing with the chemistry of papermaking, this book achieves an important new milestone in bringing together a wealth of insight concerning the chemical strategies that can have practical use in a state-of-the-art papermaking facility. Never before has a textbook compiled, carefully digested, and lucidly explained such a deep collection of details from both the patent and scientific literature. This synthesis is achieved not only through diligent work, but also reflects the years of industrial experience of the authors. Readers will also quickly come to respect Hagiopol and Johnston\'s gifts for teaching--especially the teaching of chemistry. As the authors themselves state more effectively in their book, one of the important principles of the chemistry of papermaking is that of \"leveraging.\" With typically only about 3% of the mass of a paper product invested in water-soluble chemicals, the papermaker can achieve dramatic effects. On the one hand, he or she can greatly increase the efficiency of the process--including the production rate. For instance, by the use of retention aids, the efficiency of retaining fine particles in the paper can be improved. Not only does this help to minimize wasted materials, but it also helps papermakers to avoid significant discharges of waterborne substances as liquid effluent. An optimized wet-end chemistry program can also achieve higher rates of water removal, which often allows papermakers to speed up the process\"--Provided by publisher