Chemistry and Biology of Pteridines and Folates: Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Pteridines and Folates, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, June 17–22, 2001

Front Matter....Pages i-xxiii
Making Methionine: A Love Affair with Folate....Pages 1-8
Structure Elucidations of Dimeric Pteridines....Pages 9-17
A Selective Procedure for 6-Subsituted Pterin Derivatives: Synthesis and Substitution of Pterin 6-Triflate....Pages 19-23
Solution and Solid Phase Synthesis of Pteridines, Purines and Related Compounds....Pages 25-29
Synthesis of Pteridines With C-2 And C-6 Functional Group Diversity....Pages 31-35
Stereospecific Synthesis of 2-Desamino-Tetrahydropterins as Probes of Hydroxylase Cofactor Recognition....Pages 37-41
New Pyranopterin Chemistry Related to Molybdenum and Tungsten Enzymes....Pages 43-47
Application of FDCD Spectroscopy for Determination of Chiralities of Biologically Important Pteridines....Pages 49-53
Photo-Oxidation of Sepiapterin Produces Pterin-6-Carboxylic Acid and H 2 O 2 in Vitro ....Pages 55-59
Regulation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase by S-Glutatiolation: Relevance to Conditions Associated with Dopamine Neuronal Damage....Pages 61-65
The Conformation of Tetrahydro-Biopterin Free and Bound to Aromatic Amino Acid Hydroxylases and NOS....Pages 67-72
Regulatory Properties of the Tetrahydropterin Cofactor in the Reaction Catalysed by Human Tyrosine Hydroxylase Isoforms 1–4....Pages 73-77
Structure and Regulation of Phenylalanine Hydroxylase, and Implications for Related Enzymes....Pages 79-84
Interaction of Phosphorylated Tyrosine Hydroxylase with 14-3-3 Proteins: Effects on Phosphorylation Kinetics....Pages 85-89
Mechanistic Studies of Tryptophan Hydroxylase....Pages 91-95
Role of PHE313/TRP326 in Determining Substrate Specificity in Tryptophan and Phenylalanine Hydroxylases....Pages 97-102
Possible Contributions of Labile Asparagine Residues to Differences in Regulatory Properties of Human and Rat Phenylalanine Hydroxylase....Pages 103-107
3-(2-Thienyl)-L-Alanine as a Competitive Substrate Analogue and Activator of Human Phenylalanine Hydroxylase....Pages 109-113
The N-Terminus of Human Tyrosine Hydroxylase is Responsible for its Association with Phospholipid Bilayers....Pages 115-119
Mechanisms of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activation by Stress Activated Protein Kinases....Pages 121-126
Substrate Specificities of Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Hydroxylase: Role of Aspartate 425 of Tyrosine Hydroxylase....Pages 127-132
Mutation of W457 Alters N-Hydroxy-L-Arginine Oxidation by Inducible no Synthase: A Single Turnover Study....Pages 133-138
Regulation of Rat Hepatic Phenylalanine Hydroxylating System In Vivo ....Pages 139-144
Estradiol Modulates GTP Cyclohydrolase I Gene Expression in Brain Catecholaminergic Systems....Pages 145-149
PKC-mediated Regulation of GTP Cyclohydrolase I in Mast Cells and Renal Mesangial Cells....Pages 151-155
Regulation of GTP Cyclohydrolase I by Estrogen....Pages 157-161
Sexually Dimorphic GTP Cyclohydrolase I Gene Expression is Independent of Sex Hormones....Pages 163-167
Studies on the Reaction Mechanism of GTP Cyclohydrolase I....Pages 169-173
Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Residues in the Active Site of Sepiapterin Reductase....Pages 175-179
Determination of Residues of Sepiapterin Reductase Phosphorylated by Ca 2+ /Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II....Pages 181-185
The Interaction of GTP Cyclohydrolase I and GTP Cyclohydrolase Feedback Regulatory Protein Can be Detected using the Yeast Two-Hybrid System....Pages 187-191
Co-Induction of Tetrahydrobiopterin and Catecholamine Syntheses in V-l-OVerexpressing PC12D Cells....Pages 193-197
Sepiapterin Administration Raises Tissue BH 4 Levels More Efficiently Than BH 4 Supplement in Normal Mice....Pages 199-204
Cells Take up BH4, Oxidize It and the Oxidized Biopterin is Preferentially Released....Pages 205-210
Catecholamines-up, a Negative Regulator of Tyrosine Hydroxylase and GTP Cyclohydrolase I in Drosophila Melanogaster ....Pages 211-215
The Pteridine Pathway in the Zebrafish, Danio Rerio : Development in Neural Crest-Derived Cells and Its Control by GTP Cyclohydrolase I....Pages 217-222
Pteridine and Nitric Oxide Biosynthesis in Physarum Polycephalum ....Pages 223-228
Pteridines and Pigment Granules of Wing Scales Concerned with Sexual Difference in Wing's Capability Reflecting Near-UV Rays in the Japanese Cabbage Butterfly Pieris Rapae Crucibora ....Pages 229-234
Tetrahydrobiopterin, Nitric Oxide Synthesis and cGMP Concentrations in Mutants of Physarum Polycephalum with Altered Sporulation Behavior....Pages 235-239
BH 4 and NOS are Involved in LightControlled Development of Sporangiophores in the Fungus Phycomyces Blakesleeanus ....Pages 241-246
Determination of Tetrahydropterins as Native Pteridines in Two Microorganisms, Tetrahymena Pyriformis and E. Coli ....Pages 247-251
Identification of the Sulfurtransfer Pathway for the Generation of the Dithiolene Moiety of Molybdopterin in Escherichia Coli ....Pages 253-257
Tetrahydrobiopterin and Vascular Endothelial Function....Pages 259-263
L-Ascorbic Acid Increases Intracellular Tetrahydrobiopterin Via A Chemical Stabilization and Potentiates Nitric Oxide Synthesis in Endothelial Cells....Pages 265-270
The Redox Status of Bound Pterin Cofactor Determines Whether eNOS Produces NO or Superoxide Anion: [ 3 H]-BH 4 Binding Studies Provide Insights into Vascular Pathophysiology....Pages 271-276
Sepiapterin Reductase Deficiency: Molecular Analysis in a New Case Presenting with Neurotransmitter Deficiency without Hyperphenylalaninemia....Pages 277-284
Molecular Basis of DOPA-Responsive Dystonia....Pages 285-289
Human Nigrostriatal Dopamine Neurons Express Low Levels of GTP Cyclohydrolase I mRNA....Pages 291-295
Immunosuppressive Effects of the 4-Amino Analogue of Tetrahydrobiopterin....Pages 297-300
Tetrahydrobiopterin Responsive Hyperphenylalaninemia without Biopterin Deficiency....Pages 301-304
The Fate of Intravenously Administered Tetrahydrobiopterin and Its Implications for Heterologous Gene Therapy of Phenylketonuria....Pages 305-308
Influence of Hydrogen Peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) on Pterin Homeostasis in the Depigmentation Disorder Vitiligo....Pages 309-317
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibition in the Treatment of Tetrahydrobiopterin Deficiency....Pages 319-328
Changes in Dihydropteridine Reductase (DHPR) Activity of the Occupationally Lead Exposed Workers....Pages 329-334
Clinical Utility of Pteridine Measurement in Cerebrospinal Fluid....Pages 335-339
Effect of Ascorbic Acid in Measurement of Serum Pteridine Concentration....Pages 341-344
The Effect of Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH 4 ) on Sperm Motility....Pages 345-348
Tetrahydrobiopterin Deficiency in Diabetic Rats....Pages 349-353
The Effect of Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH 4 ) on Diabetic Nephropathy in Streptozotocin (STZ) Induced Diabetic Rats....Pages 355-358
Determination of Sepiapterin and Sepiapterin Reductase in Human Skin....Pages 359-363
Neopterin, an Immunodiagnostic and Oxidative Stress Indicator....Pages 365-369
Role of Neopterin in Immune Monitoring in Transplant Medicine....Pages 371-375
Neopterin and 7,8-Dihydroneopterin-Induced Signal Transduction Cascades in Cell Lines....Pages 377-381
Determination of Neopterin Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF)....Pages 383-386
Neopterin and Biopterin Levels in Pregnancy....Pages 387-391
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH 4 )-Mediated Neuronal Death Following Intrastriatal Kainic Acid: Implications for Parkinson’s Disease....Pages 393-397
Inhibition of Oxidative Stress during Developmental Cell Death: Cellular and Behavioral Effects....Pages 399-403
The Role of Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH 4 ) in Trophic Factor Withdrawal-Induced Apoptosis in PC12 Cells....Pages 405-408
Apoptotic Death of PC12 cells Induced by Ischemia-Like Conditions is Mediated by Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH 4 ) Metabolism....Pages 409-413
New Approaches Towards Inhibitors of Folate-Dependent Enzymes: Rapid Synthesis of 5-Deazapterins From Uracil Derivatives....Pages 415-420
Solid and Solution Phase Strategies for the Synthesis of Potential Inhibitors of Folate Biosynthesis....Pages 421-425
Progress Towards the Synthesis of Pyrimidodiazepine-Based Folates as Potential Inhibitors of Glycinamide Ribonucleotide Formyltransferase....Pages 427-431
Role of P53 Status on Sensitivity to Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitors and Induction of Apoptosis....Pages 433-437
Synthesis of N-[4-[(2-Amino-6-Methyl-3,4-Dihydro-4-Oxo-7 H -Pyrrolo[2,3- d ]-Pyrimidin-5-Yl)Methyl]Benzoyl]- L -Glutamic Acid as an Antifolate....Pages 439-443
Effect of Bridge Truncation of Classical 2,4-Diamino-5-Substituted Furo [2,3- d ] Pyrimidine and 2-Amino-4-Oxo-6-Substituted Pyrrolo [2,3- d ] Pyrimidine on Antifolate Activity....Pages 445-450
Selection of Methotrexate-Resistant Lactobacillus Casei in the Presence of Folate or 5-Formyl-Tetrahydrofolate Affects the Resistance Mechanism....Pages 451-456
Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Antimalarial Antifolate Drug Pyrimethamine-Sulfadoxine....Pages 457-460
5-Fluorouracil Induction of Fas and Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Patients: Relation of Clinical Outcome with Thymidylate Synthase, Mcl-1 and Rb....Pages 461-466
Synthesis of 2- or 4-Seleno Analogues of dUMP and FdUMP, and the Corresponding Nucleosides. Interactions with Mammalian Tumour Thymidylate Synthase of the Selenonucleotides and Inhibition of Tumor Cell Growth by the Selenonucleosides....Pages 467-471
Induction of Resistance to the Multi-Targeted Antifolate MTA (LY231514) in Widr Human Colon Cancer Cells....Pages 473-477
Mutational Studies of an Essential Glutamate Residue in Escherichia Coli Folylpolyglutamate Synthetase with a Role in ATP Binding....Pages 479-483
Rapid Purification of the T-Protein of the Glycine Cleavage System from Rabbit Liver....Pages 485-489
Effects of Cellular Glycine on Cell Proliferation....Pages 491-494
Microarray Analysis of Genes Induced by Methionine Starvation and Growth on Different Sulfur Sources in Yeast....Pages 495-500
Gene Structure and Expression of Trichinella Spiralis Thymidylate Synthase....Pages 501-505
Lack of Mutation of L1210 Thymidylate Synthase with Altered Sensitivity to FdUMP Inhibition....Pages 507-511
Enzymes of Thymidylate Biosynthesis in Trichinella Pseudospiralis Muscle Larvae and Caenorhabditis Elegans Dauer Larvae....Pages 513-517
Thymidylate Synthase Heterogeneity Assessed by Monoclonal Antibodies....Pages 519-523
Structure-Based Modeling of Reversed N9-C10 Bridge Antifols with Human, PC and TG DHFR....Pages 525-529
Regulation of Mammalian Methionine Synthase by B 12 ....Pages 531-535
Biochemical Studies of Human Methionine Synthase Reductase....Pages 537-542
Model Studies for the B 12 Dependent Methyltransferases....Pages 543-547
Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyl-Transferase (BHMT) Transcription is Inhibited by S-Adenosylmethionine (AdoMet)....Pages 549-556
Can Elevated Plasma Homocysteine Levels Result in the Inhibition of Intracellular Methyltransferases?....Pages 557-562
The Neuropathy of Disturbed Brain Methylation Reactions....Pages 563-568
Dopamine-Stimulated Solid-State Signaling: A Novel Role for Single-Carbon Folates in Human Attention....Pages 569-574
Is Moderate Hyperhomocysteinemia Due to Folic Acid Depletion Rather than Insufficient Dietary Intake?....Pages 575-579
C677T MTHFR Genotype is a Risk Factor for Thromboembolism: Comparison of T Allele Frequency and Homocysteine Level Between Female Thromboembolic and Non-Thromboembolic Vascular Patients, NTD Mothers and Matched NTD Controls....Pages 581-585
Molecular Bases of Hyper-Homocysteinemia due to Inborn Errors of Folate and Cobalamin Metabolism....Pages 587-591
Vitamin B6 (PLP) and Neural Tube Defects: Is There an Association?....Pages 593-599
Erythrocyte Folate Levels in Operating Room Personnel....Pages 601-607
A Human Ileostomy Model to Determine Folate Bioavailability from Food....Pages 609-613
12 Channel Coulometric Electrochemical Detection for the Identification of Polyglutamate Homology Amongst Cellular Folates....Pages 615-618
Gastro-Intestinal pH Modulates Facile Interconvertion of Native Formylfolates During Absorption....Pages 619-622
Control of Folate Production in Lactic Acid Bacteria by Using Metabolic Engineering....Pages 623-630
Evidence for a Cryptic Gene that Enables E. Coli to Specifically Transport Folate Analogs....Pages 631-635
Folate Transport Abnormalities and Congenital Defects....Pages 637-642
Role of Multidrug Resistance Proteins (MRP) in Resistance to Antifolates and Folate Homeostasis....Pages 643-647
Kinetics of Reduced Folate Carrier-and Membrane-Associated Folate Receptor-Mediated Transport of Antifolates....Pages 649-653
Cell Biology and Regulation of the Intestinal Folate Absorption Process....Pages 655-660
Back Matter....Pages 661-677