Characterization of polymeric biomaterials

Content: Front Cover
 Characterization of Polymeric Biomaterials
 Copyright
 Contents
 List of contributors
 Part One: Characterization of morphology of polymeric biomaterials
 Chapter 1: Characterization of 2D polymeric biomaterial structures or surfaces
 1.1. Introduction
 1.2. Optical microscopy
 1.3. Stereo microscopy
 1.4. Fluorescence microscopy
 1.5. Electron microscopy
 1.5.1. Transmission electron microscopy
 1.5.2. Scanning electron microscopy
 1.5.3. Environmental SEM
 1.6. Scanning probe microscopy (SPM)
 1.6.1. Atomic force microscopy (AFM)
 References
 Further reading Chapter 2: Characterization of morphology-3D and porous structure2.1. 3D porous structures: porosity and other relevant morphological parameters
 2.2. Morphological characterization by microscopy observation
 2.3. Determination of porosity by density measurements
 2.4. Gas pycnometry
 2.5. Mercury porosimetry
 2.6. Flow porosimetry
 2.7. Micro-CT
 2.7.1. Basic principles of micro-CT
 2.7.2. Micro-CT for scaffold characterization: state of the art
 2.7.2.1. Scaffold characterization
 2.7.2.2. In vitro cell-material interaction
 2.7.2.3. Scaffold neovascularization 2.7.3. Nano-CT for scaffold characterization: state of the art2.7.4. Comparison of micro-CT with other techniques
 2.8. Conclusions
 References
 Part Two: Surface characterization
 Chapter 3: Wettability and contact angle of polymeric biomaterials
 3.1. Introduction
 3.1.1. General definition of wettability and contact angle
 3.1.2. Importance of wettability for biomedical applications
 3.2. Interpretation of biomaterial wetting properties
 3.2.1. Surface energy and surface tension
 3.2.2. Interfacial tension
 3.2.3. Contact angle and young equation
 3.3. Methods of measuring contact angle 3.3.1. Telescope goniometry3.3.2. Wilhelmy balance method
 3.3.3. Drop shape analysis method
 3.4. Wettability of polymeric materials and its modification for biomedical applications
 3.4.1. Irradiation method
 3.4.2. Plasma treatment
 3.4.3. Chemical functionalization
 3.4.4. Surface modification with biomolecules
 3.5. Conclusions
 Acknowledgments
 References
 Chapter 4: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF SIMS)
 4.1. Introduction
 4.2. Basic principle of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
 4.2.1. General advantages and disadvantages 4.2.2. XPS in polymeric surfaces4.2.3. XPS analysis-Example
 4.3. Basic principle of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy
 4.3.1. General advantages and disadvantages
 4.3.2. ToF SIMS in polymeric surfaces
 4.3.3. ToF SIMS analysis-Example
 4.4. Sample preparation
 4.5. Examples
 4.5.1. XPS characterization
 4.5.2. ToF SIMS characterization
 4.6. Conclusion
 References
 Part Three: Structure analysis
 Chapter 5: Molecular weight of polymers used in biomedical applications
 2.1. Introduction
 2.1.1. General definition: Average molecular weight