Changing Urban Renewal Policies In China: Policy Transfer And Policy Learning Under Multiple Hierarchies

Foreword......Page 6
Acknowledgements......Page 9
Contents......Page 12
List of Figures......Page 14
Chapter 1: Studying the Transfer and Learning of Careful Urban Renewal in a Chinese City......Page 15
1.1 The Contribution of an Analysis of the Micro-Dynamics of Transfer in a Chinese City......Page 18
1.1.1 The Study of the Micro-Dynamics of Transfers......Page 19
1.1.2 China in Policy Transfer Studies......Page 25
1.2 Yangzhou: A Case of (Difficult) Policy Learning......Page 27
1.3 Researching the Local Process of Policy Transfer, Learning and Translation......Page 30
1.4 Structure of the Book......Page 32
References......Page 36
Chapter 2: A Research Framework to Capture the Complexity of Policy Transfers......Page 40
2.1 How to Understand Careful Urban Renewal and the Process of Policy Change......Page 42
2.2 How to Capture the Characteristics of the Transfer and Learning Process......Page 45
2.3 A Summary of the Research Framework......Page 49
References......Page 50
3.1 Introduction......Page 53
3.2.1 Mayor Ji Jianye and the Spectacular Transformation of Yangzhou......Page 55
3.2.2 The Place of Yangzhou Old City in the Plans of the Early 2000s…......Page 57
3.2.3 … and in the “Ecological Construction” of Yangzhou......Page 59
3.3 Shifting to the National Scale to Understand Yangzhou City Plans......Page 62
3.3.1 A New Division of Labour Between the Central Government and City Governments......Page 64
3.3.2 The Fiscal Reform and Its Pressure on Local Governments......Page 65
3.3.3 The Land Reform, the Housing Reform and Their Combined Effect with the Fiscal Reform......Page 66
3.4 The Fate of Old Neighbourhoods Under the “Construction Fever”......Page 68
3.4.1 A Little Bit of History: Old Cities During the Maoist Epoch......Page 69
3.4.2 Old Cities at the Time of the Reform......Page 70
3.5 Yangzhou Old City Under the Redevelopment Paradigm......Page 73
3.5.1 First Experiments of Old City Conservation......Page 75
3.5.2 The Paradigm of “State-Dominated Urban Redevelopment”......Page 77
3.6 Conclusion......Page 78
References......Page 82
4.1 Introduction......Page 87
4.2 Origins of the GTZ “Eco-City Planning and Management Programme”......Page 89
4.3 Yangzhou Old City and Its Problems in the Eyes of GTZ Experts......Page 91
4.3.1 The Proposal of Careful Urban Renewal......Page 93
4.3.2 Replace Renewal Projects with a Renewal Process......Page 96
4.4 Learning and Experimenting with ‘New’ Ideas......Page 97
4.4.1 The Lessons Learnt in Germany......Page 98
4.4.2 The Proposal to the Mayor......Page 100
4.4.3 The Difficult Preparation of the Pilot Projects......Page 104
4.4.4 Pilot Projects and Policy Recommendations......Page 107
4.5 Appraising the Outcomes of International Cooperation......Page 111
4.5.1 Did the Project Really Fail?......Page 113
4.5.2 GTZ as an Intermediary Organisation for the Production and Transmission of Knowledge......Page 115
4.5.3 Yangzhou’s “Endogenous Forces of Mutation” and Local Stock of Knowledge......Page 119
4.6 Conclusion......Page 121
References......Page 126
5.1 Introduction......Page 128
5.2.1 The Emergence of Problems in the Local Approach of Urban Renewal......Page 130
5.2.2 The Local Approach Showed Signs of Failure......Page 134
5.3 A New Window for Policy Learning and the Development of a Local Conservation Paradigm......Page 139
5.3.1 At the Heart of the Conservation Paradigm: The Re-Foundation of the Old City Office......Page 140
5.3.2 The Main Features of the Conservation Paradigm: What to Protect?......Page 142
5.3.3 How to Protect? New Policies… and Failed Attempts......Page 146
5.3.4 How to Proceed? The Procedural Novelties of the Conservation Paradigm......Page 150
5.4 Learning at the Time of the OCO: A Case of Imitation and Translation......Page 153
5.4.1 The Challenges to Policy Learning and Translation......Page 157
5.5 Conclusion......Page 162
References......Page 168
6.1 Introduction......Page 171
6.2 The ‘Missing’ Conservation Paradigm......Page 173
6.2.1 The U-Turn of the City Government and the Aims of the District Governments......Page 174
6.2.2 The Saga of Public Housing......Page 176
6.3 A Return of the Conservation Paradigm......Page 179
6.3.1 A Triumph For the OCO?......Page 180
6.4 A Bumpy Way to Paradigm Shift and the Multiple Hierarchies of the Chinese Local State......Page 184
6.4.1 A Possible Paradigm Shift......Page 187
6.4.2 The Interaction of Hierarchy With Laws and Regulations......Page 191
6.4.3 City Hierarchies and Their Interactions With Individuals’ Orientations, Interests and Administrative Customs......Page 195
6.4.4 Hierarchy and the Relevance of Citizens’ Protests and of Other Forms of Participation......Page 201
6.4.5 Learning Under Multiple Hierarchies......Page 205
6.5 Conclusion......Page 207
References......Page 211
7.1 What Have We Learnt About the Transfer of Careful Urban Renewal to Yangzhou?......Page 215
7.2 Drawing Some Lessons from This Case Study......Page 217
7.3 How Does This Case Contribute to Develop Further Knowledge About the Micro-Dynamics of Policy Transfers?......Page 224
7.4 Talking About the ‘Chinese Specificities’......Page 230
References......Page 233
References......Page 236
Index......Page 250