Cerebral Vasospasm: New Strategies in Research and Treatment

Cerebral Vasospasm - New Strategies in Research and Treatment......Page 1
Cerebral Vasospasm - New Strategies in Research and Treatment......Page 2
Preface......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
Advances in vasospasm research......Page 15
Part 2......Page 19
Pre-vasospasm: early brain injury......Page 20
Apoptotic markers in vasospasm after an experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 24
Cerebrospinal fluid soluble Fas and Fas ligand levels after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 29
Time course of oxyhemoglobin induces apoptosis in mice brain cells in vivo......Page 35
Inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway attenuates cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage through the suppression of apoptosis......Page 39
Oxidative stress in subarachnoid haemorrhage: significance in acute brain injury and vasospasm......Page 44
Bilirubin oxidation products (BOXes): synthesis, stability and chemical characteristics......Page 53
Vascular contractility changes due to vasospasm induced by periarterial whole blood and thrombocyte rich plasma......Page 61
Part 3......Page 63
Vasospasm biochemistry......Page 64
The roles of cross-talk mechanisms in the signal transduction systems in the pathophysiology of the cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage – what we know and what we do not know......Page 68
Subarachnoid hemorrhage induces upregulation of vascular receptors and reduction in rCBF via an ERK1/2 mechanism......Page 73
Effect of deferoxamine-activated hypoxia inducible factor-1 on the brainstem following subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 76
Urgosedin downregulates mRNA expression of TNF-a in brain tissue of rats subjected to experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 81
Nucleotide-induced cerebral vasospasm in an in vivo mouse model......Page 84
Effects of ADPbetaS on purine receptor expression in mouse cerebral vasculature......Page 86
Part 4......Page 89
Electrophysiology of cerebral vasospasm......Page 90
Cellular basis of vasospasm: role of small diameter arteriesa nd voltage-dependent Ca2 channels......Page 97
Acute and chronic effects of oxyhemoglobin on voltage-dependent ion channels in cerebral arteries......Page 101
The effect of an intracisternal nimodipine slow-release system on cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in the rat......Page 105
Cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid haemorrhage is completely prevented by L-type calcium channel antagonist in human......Page 110
Part 5......Page 114
Vasospasm pharmacology......Page 115
Endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitor versus cerebrovasospasm......Page 119
A pharmacokinetic study of clazosentan in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 124
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of the interaction between clazosentan and nimodipine in healthy subjects......Page 126
Attenuation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and cerebral vasospasm in rabbits subjected to experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage by CGS 26303......Page 130
The effect of 17b-estradiol in the prevention of cerebral vasospasm and endothelin-1 production after subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 133
Dysfunction of nitric oxide synthases as a cause and therapeutic target in delayed cerebral vasospasm after SAH......Page 137
An adenosine A1 receptor agonist preserves eNOS expression and attenuates cerebrovasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 146
Part 6......Page 151
Gene transfer after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a tool and potential therapy......Page 152
Direct protein transduction method to cerebral arteries by using 11R: new strategy for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 155
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase-11R protein therapy for prevention of cerebral vasospasm in rats: a preliminary report......Page 158
Microarray analysis of hemolysate-induced differential gene expression in cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMC)......Page 161
Part 7......Page 164
Role of vascular remodeling in cerebral vasospasm......Page 165
Possible role of tenascin-C in cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 169
Ecdysterone-sensitive smooth muscle cell proliferation stimulated by conditioned medium of endothelial cells cultured with bloody cerebrospinal fluid......Page 173
The effect of oxyhemoglobin on the proliferation and migration of cultured vascular advential fibroblasts......Page 178
The effect of oxyhemoglobin on the proliferation and migration of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells......Page 186
Comparison of three measurement methods for basilar artery with neurological changes in rabbits subjected to experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage......Page 192
Part 8......Page 197
Vasospasm diagnosis strategies......Page 198
Continuous evaluation of regional oxygen saturation in cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage using INVOS+, portable near infrared spectrography......Page 201
Automated voxel-based analysis of brain perfusion SPECT for vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 205
Angiographic scale for evaluation of cerebral vasospasm......Page 210
CT evaluation of late cerebral infarction after operation for ruptured cerebral aneurysm......Page 214
Elevated intracranial pressure or subarachnoid blood responsible for reduction in cerebral blood flow after SAH......Page 216
Magnetic resonance imaging in the canine double-haemorrhage subarachnoid haemorrhage model......Page 219
Perfusion/diffusion-weighted imaging protocol for the diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm and management of treatment after subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 224
Correlation of end-tidal CO2 with transcranial Doppler flow velocity is decreased during chemoregulation in delayed cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage – results of a pilot study......Page 232
A diagnostic flowchart, including TCD, Xe-CT and angiography, to improve the diagnosis of vasospasm critically affecting cerebral blood flow in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage, sedated and ventilated......Page 234
Basilar artery vasospasm: diagnosis and grading by transcranial Doppler......Page 237
Predictive value of transcranial Doppler to detect clinical vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 240
Part 9......Page 243
Intravenous magnesium sulfate after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a meta-analysis of published data......Page 244
Hypomagnesemia after ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms: predictive factor and pathophysiological implication......Page 246
The role of magnesium sulfate in the treatment of vasospasm in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 248
Fasudil (a rho-kinase inhibitor) may specifically increase rCBF in spastic area......Page 253
Multimodality therapy for cerebral vasospasm after SAH: importance of intensive care and intraarterial injection of fasudil hydrochloride......Page 257
The effect of KMUVS-1 on experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage-induced cerebrovasospasm......Page 260
Role of statins in cerebral vasospasm......Page 264
Treatment of cerebral vasospasm with cilostazol in subarachnoid haemorrhage model......Page 268
Ecdysterone attenuates vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in rabbits......Page 273
Part 10......Page 279
Clot-clearance rate in the sylvian cistern is associated with severity of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 280
Simultaneous head rotation and lumboventricular lavage in patients after severe subarachnoid haemorrhage: an initial analysis of the influence on clot clearance rate and cerebral vasospasm......Page 283
Intrathecal urokinase infusion through a microcatheter into the cisterna magna to prevent cerebral vasospasm: experimental study in dogs......Page 288
Microcatheter intrathecal urokinase infusion into cisterna magna for prevention of cerebral vasospasm......Page 293
Prevention of symptomatic vasospasm – effect of continuous cisternal irrigation with urokinase and ascorbic acid......Page 297
Cisternal washing therapy for the prevention of cerebral vasospasm following SAH: analysis of 308 consecutive cases with Fisher group 3 SAH......Page 300
Part 11......Page 303
Questionable value of decompressive craniectomy after severe aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 304
Low incidence of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: a comparison between surgical repairs and endovascular coil occlusions......Page 306
Microsurgical treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms......Page 310
Coil embolization decrease the incidence of symptomatic vasospasm, except in patients with poor grade subarachnoid hemorrhage......Page 312
Endovascular therapy of cerebral vasospasm: two year experience with angioplasty and/or intraarterial administration of nicardipine and verapamil......Page 315
Utility of intra-arterial nimodipine for cerebral vasospasm......Page 320
Intra-arterial nicardipine successfully relieved post-subarachnoid hemorrhage cerebral vasospasm during aneurysm embolization: a case report......Page 323
Part 12......Page 326
Evaluating the factors affecting cerebral vasospasm in patients after aneurysmal subarachonoid haemorrhage......Page 327
Is cerebral salt wasting after subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by bleeding?......Page 330
Relationship between the development of vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage and the levels of dendroaspis natriuretic peptide in body fluids......Page 334
An abrupt fall in blood pressure in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage......Page 336
C-reactive protein might predict outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 340
Factors affecting the incidence and severity of vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 345
Basilar artery vasospasm: impact on outcome......Page 349
Change of management results in good-grade aneurysm patients......Page 352
Quantification of transient ischemic and metabolic events in patients after subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 355
Part 13......Page 358
Pediatric subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 359
Childhood intracranial aneurysms......Page 364
Pediatric cerebral aneurysms: a report of 9 cases......Page 368
Intracranial aneurysms during childhood and puberty......Page 372
Vasospasm in traumatic brain injury......Page 378
Traumatic vasospasm......Page 383
Cerebral vasospasm in diffuse axonal injury patients......Page 389
The effects of nimopidine on platelet aggregation in severe head injury......Page 392
‘‘Street drugs’’ and subarachnoid haemorrhage......Page 396
Author index......Page 400
Index of keywords......Page 403