Cell Entry by Non-Enveloped Viruses

Cell Entry by Non-Enveloped Viruses (Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, Volume 343)......Page 1
Front-matter......Page 2
Cell Entry by Non-Enveloped Viruses......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Preface......Page 6
References......Page 8
Contents (with page links)......Page 10
Contributors......Page 12
Flock House Virus: A Model System for Understanding Non-Enveloped Virus Entry and Membrane Penetration......Page 15
1 Introduction......Page 16
2.1 FHV Expression Systems......Page 17
2.2 Capsid Structure......Page 18
2.3 Capsid-RNA Interactions......Page 19
2.4 Autocatalytic Cleavage and Production of the Gamma Peptide......Page 20
2.5 Structure and Organization of the gamma Peptides......Page 22
2.6 Metal Ion Binding Sites......Page 23
3 Early Events During FHV Cell Entry......Page 25
4.1 Structure-Based Model of FHV Membrane Penetration......Page 26
4.2 In Vitro Studies of FHV Membrane Penetration......Page 27
4.4 FHV Autoproteolytic Cleavage Is Required for Membrane Disruption......Page 28
4.6 Do Particle-Associated or Released gamma Peptides Mediate Membrane Interactions?......Page 29
5.1 The Eluted Particle: A Putative Entry Intermediate......Page 30
6 Functional Domains of gamma Involved in Entry......Page 31
6.2 Entry Related Function of gamma C-Terminus......Page 32
6.4 Structure: Function Correlation of FHV Mutants......Page 33
6.5 Does Quasi-Symmetry Dictate Separate Roles for gamma from Different Subunits?......Page 34
References......Page 35
1 Immunity Against Human Calicivirus Infection and Prospects for a Vaccine......Page 37
2 Calicivirus Structure......Page 40
3 Feline Calicivirus Interactions with Its Receptor......Page 42
4 Interaction Between Noroviruses and Polysaccharides......Page 44
5 Attenuation of NMV-1 Pathogenesis......Page 46
6 The Cryo-TEM Structure of the T=3 MNV-1 Capsid......Page 47
7 The Cryo-TEM Structure of MNV-1 Complexed with Fab´s......Page 49
References......Page 51
Picornaviruses......Page 56
1 Introduction to Picornaviruses......Page 57
2 Structure of Picornavirus Particles......Page 59
3 Picornavirus Receptors......Page 61
3.1 Immunoglobulin Superfamily Receptors: VCAM-1, ICAM-1, PVR, CAR......Page 62
3.3 LDLR Family......Page 63
3.5 HAV Cellular Receptor (TIM-1)......Page 64
3.8 Co-Receptors......Page 65
3.9.1 FMDV and Other Integrin-Binding Viruses......Page 66
3.9.4 CD155/PVR as a Factor in Poliovirus Pathogenesis......Page 67
4 Endocytosis and Sites of Uncoating......Page 68
4.1.1 Aphthoviruses......Page 69
4.1.2 Minor Group Human Rhinoviruses......Page 70
4.1.3 Major Group Human Rhinoviruses......Page 71
4.1.5 Role of Endosomal pH......Page 72
4.2.1 Echovirus 1......Page 74
4.2.2 Coxsackie B3: Role of Co-Receptors......Page 75
4.3 Noncaveolin Nonclathrin Mediated Endocytosis: Poliovirus......Page 76
4.4 Concluding Remarks on Picornavirus Endocytosis......Page 77
5.1 Enteroviruses......Page 78
5.2 Aphthoviruses......Page 84
6.1.2 Virus-Induced Membrane Permeability......Page 85
6.1.4 Role for Released VP4......Page 86
6.2 Models for Entero/Rhinovirus Membrane Penetration......Page 87
6.3 Membrane Penetration by Other Picornaviruses......Page 88
7 Overall Conclusions......Page 89
References......Page 90
From Touchdown to Transcription: The Reovirus Cell Entry Pathway......Page 103
1 Introduction......Page 104
2 Structural Analysis of Reovirus Virions and Attachment Protein sigma1......Page 105
3 Reovirus Attachment Is Mediated by Cell-Surface Sialic Acid and Junctional Adhesion Molecule-A......Page 108
4 Internalization of Reovirus Virions into the Endocytic Pathway Is Mediated by beta1 Integrins......Page 110
5 Removal of Outer-Capsid Protein sigma3 by Cathepsin Proteases Initiates the Reovirus Disassembly Cascade......Page 113
6 Penetration of Endosomal Membranes by Reovirus Is Mediated by Outer-Capsid Protein mu1......Page 115
7 Reovirus Entry Evokes Innate Immune Responses that Trigger Cell Death......Page 119
8 Conclusions and Future Directions......Page 121
References......Page 124
Rotavirus Cell Entry......Page 132
1 Introduction......Page 133
2 Rotavirus Structure......Page 135
2.3 VP8* Structure......Page 137
2.4 VP5* Structure......Page 138
2.6 VP7 Capsid Layer......Page 139
2.7 VP6 Layer......Page 141
3.1 Proteolytic Priming......Page 142
3.2 Endocytosis or Direct Penetration......Page 143
3.3 Membrane Permeabilization......Page 144
3.4 Uncoating......Page 145
3.5 Rotavirus Receptors......Page 146
4 Structural Insights into Cell Entry......Page 148
4.1 Trypsin-Induced Order-to-Disorder Transformation in VP4......Page 149
4.2 Initial Cell Attachment: VP8*-SA Interactions......Page 150
4.3 Entry-Related Structural Gymnastics of the VP4 Spike......Page 151
5 Conclusions......Page 152
References......Page 153
Structures and Functions of Parvovirus Capsids and the Process of Cell Infection......Page 160
1 Parvoviruses: Capsid Structures, Assembly and DNA Packaging......Page 161
2 Dynamic Properties of the Parvovirus Capsid Structure and Cell Infection......Page 166
3 Receptor Binding, Structural Effects, and Internalization from the Cell Surface......Page 169
3.1 Binding Site Insertion and Retargeting......Page 170
4 Antibody Binding and Capsid Structures and Functions......Page 172
5 Endosomal Uptake, Signaling, and Infection......Page 174
5.1 Trafficking Within the Endosomal System......Page 175
5.3 Capsid Structural Changes and Endosomal Escape......Page 176
6 Viral Trafficking in the Cytoplasm......Page 177
7 Nuclear Trafficking and DNA Release......Page 178
8 Summary and Future Challenges......Page 180
References......Page 181
Cellular Entry of Polyomaviruses......Page 188
1 Introduction......Page 189
2 Engaging the Host Cell Receptor......Page 191
3 Trafficking to the ER......Page 193
4 Penetration Across the ER Membrane......Page 197
5 Nuclear Entry and Genome Release......Page 200
References......Page 201
Adenovirus......Page 206
1 Structural Features of Adenovirus......Page 207
2 Adenovirus Receptor Interactions......Page 209
2.1 Interactions with the Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor......Page 210
2.2 Interactions with CD46......Page 211
2.4 Alternative Routes of Adenovirus Attachment to Cells......Page 212
3 Adenovirus Internalization......Page 213
4 Uncoating of Adenovirus Particles......Page 215
4.1 Vertex Dissociation from the Adenovirus Capsid......Page 216
4.2 Adenovirus Uncoating in the Endosome......Page 218
4.3 Identification of Membrane Lytic Factors of Adenovirus......Page 219
4.4 Role of Acidic pH in Adenovirus Entry......Page 222
4.6 Uncoating at the Nuclear Pore Complex......Page 225
5 Conclusions......Page 226
References......Page 227
Index......Page 236