Case Studies in Geospatial Applications to Groundwater Resources

IFC
Half title
Title
Copyright
Contents
Contributors
Chapter 1 Principle of GIScience and geostatistics in groundwater modeling
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 GIS and groundwater
	1.3 Remote sensing and groundwater
	1.4 Geostatistics and groundwater
	1.5 Geocomputational modeling and groundwater
	1.6 Geospatial intelligence and groundwater modeling
	1.7 WebGIS and groundwater resource
	1.8 Conclusion and future direction
	References
Chapter 2 Indicator kriging and its usefulness in assessing spatial suitability of groundwater for drinking
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Basic theory of indicator kriging
	2.3 Criticisms of indicator kriging
	2.4 Merits of indicator kriging
	2.5 Practical corrections to use indicator kriging
		2.5.1 Treatment of upper and lower tails
		2.5.2 The data dilemma
		2.5.3 Initially use the median indicator kriging
		2.5.4 Change of support
	2.6 Applications in water science
		2.6.1 Case study
	2.7 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 3 GI Science application for groundwater resources management and decision support
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Hydrosphere–geosphere–anthroposphere interlinked
dynamics
	3.3 Spatial and machine learning model for groundwater mapping
	3.4 Big data analytics and groundwater mapping
	3.5 Geospatial intelligence and information communication technology
	3.6 Expert knowledge and GIScience
	3.7 Data imbalances and new professionalism
	3.8 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 4 Role of groundwater potentiality and soil nutrient status on agricultural productivity: A case study in Paschim Medinipur District, West Bengal
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Study area
	4.3 Data source and methodology
		4.3.1 Water distribution pattern
		4.3.2 Estimation of soil nutrient index
		4.3.3 Crop combination and agricultural productivity
	4.4 Result and discussions
		4.4.1 Groundwater potentiality zoning
		4.4.2 Groundwater potentiality index
		4.4.3 Surface water distribution and availability
		4.4.4 Characterizing soil of the study area
	4.5 Conclusion
	Conflict of interest
	References
Chapter 5 Groundwater potential zones identification using integrated remote sensing and GIS-AHP approach in semiarid region of Maharashtra, India
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Study area
	5.3 Methodology
	5.4 Results & discussion
		5.4.1 Geology
		5.4.2 Geomorphology
		5.4.3 Drainage density
		5.4.4 Slope map
		5.4.5 Rainfall
		5.4.6 Lineaments
		5.4.7 Land use/land cover
(LULC)
		5.4.8 Soil
		5.4.9 Groundwater fluctuation
		5.4.10 Suitability of groundwater quality
		5.4.11 Assessment groundwater potential zone
	5.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 6 GIS-based groundwater recharge potentiality analysis using frequency ratio and weights of evidence models
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Study area
	6.3 Database and methodology
		6.3.1 Data used
		6.3.2 Data processing and generation of thematic Maps using GIS
		6.3.3 Statistical models
		6.3.4 Delineation of the GRPZ through groundwater potentiality index
(GPI)
		6.3.5 Validation method
	6.4 Results and discussion
		6.4.1 Groundwater recharge potentiality zone
(GRPZ) analysis
		6.4.2 Validation of GRPZ
	6.5 Conclusion
	Conflict of interest
	References
Chapter 7 Delineation of groundwater potential zones in the hard rock terrain of an extended part of Chhotanagpur plateau applying frequency ratio \\(FR\\) model
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Methods and materials
		7.2.1 Study area
		7.2.2 Dataset and data acquisition
		7.2.3 Preparation of input database/factors influencing groundwater potential zone
	7.3 Frequency ratio model
	7.4 Result and discussion
		7.4.1 Land use/land cover
		7.4.2 Lineament density
		7.4.3 Rainfall
		7.4.4 Soil texture
		7.4.5 Slope
		7.4.6 Groundwater fluctuation
		7.4.7 Geology
		7.4.8 Drainage density
		7.4.9 Hydro-geomorphology
	7.5 Groundwater potential zone
	7.6 Validation of FR model
	7.7 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 8 Assessment of groundwater salinity risk in coastal belt of Odisha using ordinary kriging and its management
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Material and method
		8.2.1 Study area
		8.2.2 Data and methodology used
		8.2.3 Ordinary kriging
		8.2.4 Performance evaluation of ordinary kriging
	8.3 Results and discussion
		8.3.1 Descriptive statistics, distribution of dataset, and semivariogram parameters
		8.3.2 Performance accuracy of ordinary kriging
		8.3.3 Spatial variability of groundwater depth
		8.3.4 Spatial variability of electrical conductivity and suitability of groundwater for irrigation
		8.3.5 Groundwater salinity management
	8.4 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 9 Integrated GIS-based MCDA approach for suitability zoning of irrigation water quality in semiarid Kansai river basin, Purulia district, West Bengal
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Study area
	9.3 Methodology
	9.4 AHP technique
	9.5 Results and discussion
		9.5.1 Hydrochemical facies
	9.6 Study of major cations and anions in the area
	9.7 Groundwater quality for irrigation based on the physicochemical parameters
	9.8 pH
	9.9 Total dissolved solids
(TDS)
	9.10 Total hardness
(TH)
	9.11 Salinity hazard
	9.12 Sodium absorption ratio
(SAR)
	9.13 Sodium percentage
(Na %)
	9.14 Magnesium adsorption ratio
(MAR)
	9.15 Residual sodium carbonate
(RSC)
	9.16 Kelly\'s ratio
(KR)
	9.17 Permeability index
(PI)
	9.18 Groundwater irrigation suitability zone
	9.19 Conclusion
	Acknowledgment
	Competing interests
	References
Chapter 10 Field-based spatio-temporal monitoring of hydrograph network stations to predict the long-term behavioral pattern of groundwater regime and its implications in India: A review
	10.1 Introduction
		10.1.1 Study area
		10.1.2 Objectives of the study
	10.2 Methodology
		10.2.1 Design of network hydrograph monitoring stations
	10.3 Discussion
	10.4 Conclusions
	Acknowledgments
	References
Chapter 11 Groundwater resources in Nigeria: Case study of distribution and quality at a medium-size urban settlement-scale
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Research problem
		11.2.1 Study objectives
	11.3 Study area
		11.3.1 Groundwater supply in Nigeria: review
		11.3.2 Regulations on groundwater distribution in Nigeria
	11.4 Materials and methods
		11.4.1 Data
	11.5 Results
		11.5.1 Distribution of groundwater resources
		11.5.2 Physical and chemical characteristics
		11.5.3 Relationship between topography and physiochemical characteristics of groundwater
		11.5.4 Seasonal variations
		11.5.5 Locational distribution of water chemistry parameters
	11.6 Discussion
	References
Chapter 12 Assessing groundwater potential zone of Ong river basin using geospatial technology
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Study area
	12.3 Materials and methods
		12.3.1 Data used
		12.3.2 Methodology
	12.4 Result and discussion
		12.4.1 Surface waterbody
		12.4.2 Geomorphology
		12.4.3 Lineament density
		12.4.4 Geology
		12.4.5 Drainage density
		12.4.6 Rainfall
		12.4.7 Elevation and slope
		12.4.8 Soil
		12.4.9 Lithology
		12.4.10 Land use land cover
	12.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 13 Innovative trend analysis of groundwater resources under changing climate in Malda district, India
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Study area
	13.3 Database and methodology
		13.3.1 Autocorrelation function
(ACF)
		13.3.2 Innovative trend analysis
		13.3.3 Mann-Kendall test
		13.3.4 Modified Mann-Kendall test
		13.3.5 Sen\'s slope estimator
	13.4 Results and discussion
		13.4.1 Descriptive statistics
		13.4.2 The trend in groundwater depth
	13.5 Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	Conflict of interest
	References
Chapter 14 Assessing vulnerability of groundwater resource in urban and sub-urban areas of Siliguri, North Bengal
(India): A special reference to LULC alteration
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Brief description of the study area
	14.3 Study materials and methodology
		14.3.1 Data used
		14.3.2 DRASTIC data layers
		14.3.3 Methodology of the DRASTIC vulnerability model
		14.3.4 LULC classification
	14.4 Results and discussion
		14.4.1 Vulnerability of groundwater status
(DRASTIC model based)
		14.4.2 Spatio-temporal changing scenario of LULC
		14.4.3 Relationship between LULC change and groundwater vulnerability
	14.5 Ground truth validation of the groundwater vulnerability map
	14.6 Conclusion
	Acknowledgement
	Conflict of the interest
	References
Chapter 15 Groundwater fluctuation and agricultural insecurity: A geospatial analysis of West Bengal in India
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 Study Area
	15.3 Data and methods
	15.4 Results and discussion
		15.4.1 Spatial variation of mean depth of ground water table
		15.4.2 Spatial variation of average crop production
		15.4.3 Seasonal fluctuation of mean ground water depth and crop production
	15.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 16 Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation purposes: A case study of Hooghly District, West Bengal, India
	16.1 Introduction
	16.2 Study area
	16.3 Datasets and methodology
		16.3.1 Datasets
		16.3.2 Methodology
	16.4 Results and discussion
		16.4.1 Physical-chemical parameters
		16.4.2 Groundwater suitability for irrigation
	16.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 17 Geo-spatial assessment of groundwater drought risk zone due to drought propagation in the Upper Dwarakeshwar River Basin \\(UDRB\\), West Bengal
	17.1 Introduction
	17.2 Study area
	17.3 Methodology
	17.4 Physical Groundwater Drought Hazard
(PGDH)
	17.5 Meteorological drought risk
(Mr)
	17.6 Parameters used in meteorological drought risk assessment
		17.6.1 Drought intensity
(DI)
		17.6.2 Drought duration
(DD)
		17.6.3 Drought frequency
(DF) or occurrence rate (%)
		17.6.4 Peak intensity (PI),
	17.7 Hydro-geological exposure
(He)
	17.8 Socio-economic Groundwater Drought Vulnerability
(SGDV)
	17.9 Result
	17.10 Integrated GWDR map
	17.11 Discussion
	17.12 Validation
	17.13 Conclusion
	Acknowledgement
	Conflict of interest
	Reference
Chapter 18 Assessment of groundwater level fluctuations in and around Ranchi district, Jharkhand using geospatial datasets and methods
	18.1 Introduction
	18.2 The study area
	18.3 Objectives
	18.4 Datasets and methods
	18.5 Results and findings
		18.5.1 Groundwater level position in Ranchi district with respect to topography
		18.5.2 Groundwater level fluctuation in Ranchi district: spatial pattern
		18.5.3 Groundwater level changes across the years: fluctuation and volume estimates
		18.5.4 Wireframe surfaces for annual monsoonal recharge and annual withdrawal: overall and year-wise
	18.6 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 19 Groundwater conservation and management: Recent trends and future prospects
	19.1 Introduction
	19.2 Water, land, energy, and agriculture
	19.3 Groundwater prospects and geographical settings
	19.4 Advancement in groundwater data
	19.5 Opportunities of sensor
	19.6 Advancement of space technology
	19.7 Water treatment technology
	19.8 Integrating monitoring network
	19.9 Strengthening scientific support
	19.10 Encouraged public engagement
	19.11 Future planned and conservation strategy
	19.12 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 20 Seasonal fluctuation of groundwater table and its impact on rural livelihood: A village level study at coastal belt of Purba Medinipur District, India
	20.1 Introduction
	20.2 Data base and methodology
		20.2.1 Study area
		20.2.2 Data base and data processing
	20.3 Results and discussion
		20.3.1 Land use types
		20.3.2 Demographic structures
		20.3.3 Seasonal groundwater status
		20.3.4 Groundwater vulnerability
	20.4 Conclusion
	Acknowledgement
	References
Index
IBC