Cachexia and Wasting: A Modern Approach

Front Matter....Pages I-XXII
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Functional Anatomy of the ‘Adipose Organ’....Pages 3-22
Body Silhouette and Body Fat Distribution....Pages 23-30
Historic Views on Cachexia in Humans with Special Reference to Cardiac Cachexia....Pages 31-37
Epidemiology of Cachexia....Pages 39-43
Front Matter....Pages 45-45
Energy Values of Foods....Pages 47-52
Diet-Induced Thermogenesis....Pages 53-56
Front Matter....Pages 57-57
Biochemical Parameters of Nutrition....Pages 59-72
Nitrogen Balance and Protein Requirements: Definition and Measurements....Pages 73-79
Plasma Proteins and Protein Catabolism....Pages 81-92
Nutritional Status Assessment....Pages 93-110
Immunological Parameters of Nutrition....Pages 111-124
Functional Parameters of Nutrition....Pages 125-135
Front Matter....Pages 137-137
Anorexia....Pages 139-148
Starvation: Social, Voluntary, and Involuntary Causes of Weight Loss....Pages 149-160
Cachexia Related to Multiple Causes....Pages 161-162
Non-AIDS Lipodystrophy Syndrome....Pages 163-171
Front Matter....Pages 173-173
Body Composition: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Methods of Evaluation....Pages 175-183
Protein Metabolism in Cachexia....Pages 185-190
Lipid Metabolism in Cachexia....Pages 191-194
Glucose Metabolism....Pages 195-203
Front Matter....Pages 173-173
Cytokines in Cachexia....Pages 205-207
Cytokines in Chronic Inflammation....Pages 209-217
Biochemistry of the Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptides, Secretagogues and Ghrelin....Pages 219-234
Ghrelin as a New Factor in the Central Network Controlling Appetite and Food Intake....Pages 235-245
Leptin and Des-acyl Ghrelin: Their Role in Physiological Body Weight Regulation and in the Pathological State....Pages 247-257
Brain Mechanisms in Wasting and Cachexia....Pages 259-268
Body Weight Regulation and Hypothalamic Neuropeptides....Pages 269-280
Front Matter....Pages 281-281
Diabetes....Pages 283-289
Endocrine Disorders....Pages 291-299
Psychiatric Diseases and Depression....Pages 301-304
Cachexia in Chronic Kidney Disease: Malnutrition-Inflammation Complex and Reverse Epidemiology....Pages 305-325
Gastrointestinal Diseases....Pages 327-338
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Treatment of COPD-Related Cachexia....Pages 339-348
Cachexia in Cardiovascular Illness....Pages 349-361
Front Matter....Pages 363-363
Epidemiology of Malnutrition in the Elderly....Pages 365-368
Pathophysiology of Body Composition Changes in Elderly People....Pages 369-375
The Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Drugs in Elderly Cachectic (Cancer) Patients....Pages 377-382
Pathophysiology of Cachexia in the Elderly....Pages 383-395
Cytokines and Disability in Older Adults....Pages 397-404
Front Matter....Pages 405-405
HIV Infection-Related Cachexia and Lipodystrophy....Pages 407-428
Front Matter....Pages 405-405
Treatment of AIDS Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome and Lipodystrophy....Pages 429-456
Front Matter....Pages 457-457
Cancer Cachexia and Fat Metabolism....Pages 459-466
The Role of Cytokines in Cancer Cachexia....Pages 467-475
Proinflammatory Cytokines: Their Role in Multifactorial Cancer Cachexia....Pages 477-482
Proteolysis-Inducing Factor in Cancer Cachexia....Pages 483-488
Lipid Mobilising Factor in Cancer Cachexi....Pages 489-493
Dietary Intake, Resting Energy Expenditure, Weight Loss, and Survival in Cancer Patients....Pages 495-502
The Ubiquitin/Proteasome System in Cancer Cachexia....Pages 503-508
Non-Gl-Malignancy-Related Malabsorption Leads to Malnutrition and Weight Loss....Pages 509-519
Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Cancer Anorexia, and Hypothalamic Gene Expression....Pages 521-536
The Role of Pineal Hormone Melatonin in Cancer Cachexia....Pages 537-546
Eating-Related Distress of Patients with Advanced, Incurable Cancer and of Their Partners....Pages 547-550
Challenges of Geriatric Oncology....Pages 551-560
Front Matter....Pages 561-561
The Current Management of Cancer Cachexia....Pages 563-579
The Role of Artificial Nutrition Support in the Cancer Patient....Pages 581-591
The Role of Appetite Stimulants for Cancer-Related Weight Loss....Pages 593-598
Palliative Management of Anorexia/Cachexia and Associated Symptoms....Pages 599-602
Pharmaco-Nutritional Supports for the Treatment of Cancer Cachexia....Pages 603-617
A Critical Assessment of the Outcome Measures and Goals of Intervention in Cancer Cachexia....Pages 619-630
Meeting the Amino Acid Requirements for Protein Anabolism in Cancer Cachexia....Pages 631-634
Front Matter....Pages 561-561
The Role of Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Serotonin Antagonists in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer Cachexia....Pages 635-641
An Update on Therapeutics: The Cancer Anorexia/Weight Loss Syndrome in Advanced Cancer Patients....Pages 643-648
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate in Cancer Cachexia....Pages 649-652
Progestagens and Corticosteroids in the Management Cancer Cachexia....Pages 653-666
COX-2 Inhibitors in Cancer Cachexia....Pages 667-671
Anti-TNF-α Antibody and Cancer Cachexia....Pages 673-683
A Phase II Study with Antioxidants, both in the Diet and Supplemented, Pharmaco-Nutritional Support, Progestagen and Anti-COX-2 Showing Efficacy and Safety in Patients with Cancer-Related Anorexia-Cachexia and Oxidative Stress....Pages 685-698
Front Matter....Pages 699-699
Treatment of Cachexia in the Elderly....Pages 701-717
Treatment of Sarcopenia and Cachexia in the Elderly....Pages 719-730
Management of Weight Loss in Older Persons....Pages 731-738
Front Matter....Pages 739-739
Cachexia: Therapeutic Immunomodulation Beyond Cytokine Antagonism....Pages 741-753
Back Matter....Pages 755-758