Byzantium in the Seventh Century: The Transformation of a Culture (Revised edition)

Front cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 11
List of plates......Page 12
List of maps......Page 14
Preface and acknowledgements......Page 15
Preface to the revised edition......Page 17
List of abbreviations......Page 19
The sources......Page 23
Introduction......Page 31
1 The background: state and society before Heraclius......Page 39
The state and its apparatus......Page 52
The state and the Church......Page 54
The 'Corpus Iuris Civilis'......Page 55
Social structure and economic relations......Page 56
Justinian's successors......Page 61
HERACLIUS 610-64 I......Page 71
The monophysite problem and the rise of Islam......Page 78
CONSTANS II, 641-668......Page 83
The monothelete controversy......Page 86
The Sicilian connection......Page 89
CONSTANTINE IV, 668-685......Page 93
The Bulgars......Page 96
The end of monotheletism......Page 97
JUSTINIAN II, 685-695 AND 705-711......Page 100
The Quinisext council of 692......Page 103
Justinian's successors......Page 104
JUSTINIAN II AGAIN......Page 106
THE RISE OF LEO III, 717-741......Page 108
LEO III AND IMPERIAL ICONOCLASM......Page 114
3 Social relations and the economy: the cities and the land......Page 122
THE BACKGROUND......Page 123
THE FATE OF URBAN SETTLEMENT AND MUNICIPAL CIVILISATION IN THE SEVENTH CENTURY......Page 129
Anatolia and the eastern provinces......Page 132
The Balkans and Constantinople......Page 144
CITIES AND MARKET EXCHANGE......Page 147
ESTATES AND LANDLORDS......Page 155
VILLAGES AND TENANTS......Page 162
TAXATION AND THE LAND......Page 171
THE LANDED WEALTHY AND THE NEW ARISTOCRACY......Page 183
THE SENATORIAL ARISTOCRACY AFTER THE SIXTH CENTURY: SURVIVAL AND ASSIMILATION......Page 190
THE LATE ROMAN SYSTEM......Page 203
THE MIDDLE BYZANTINE SYSTEM......Page 210
THE PROCESS OF CHANGE......Page 213
THE FATE OF THE PRAETORIAN PREFECTURE: THE 'SUPERVISORS OF THE PROVINCES'......Page 224
THE FATE OF THE PRAETORIAN PREFECTURE: EPARCHS AND PROCONSULS......Page 231
THE THEMATA......Page 238
THE OCCUPATION OF ANATOLIA......Page 245
THE ARMIES IN ANATOLIA: MAINTENANCE AND PROVISIONS......Page 250
THE ROLE OF THE 'APOTHEKE'......Page 262
THE PROBLEM OF 'MILITARY LANDS'......Page 274
EXCURSUS......Page 281
STATE AND LEGISLATION......Page 284
THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE......Page 294
THE FUNCTION OF THE LAW......Page 306
THE CHURCH AS INSTITUTION......Page 311
Monophysites and dyophysites......Page 316
Wealth and administration......Page 319
The monasteries......Page 323
The origins of the monothelete conflict......Page 327
The crisis of authority: Constans II vs. Maximus Confessor......Page 334
The sixth ecumenical council and the end of monotheletism......Page 343
The Quinisext council and the divergence of East from West......Page 347
THE CHURCH AND CHRISTIANITY: NEO-CHALCEDONIAN UNIVERSALISM AND HETERODOX PLURALISM......Page 354
Heretics and Jews......Page 367
Introversion and the failure of mission......Page 378
Ideology vs. experience, or: old narratives for new......Page 385
The search for order: the case of the soldiers......Page 401
INDIVIDUAL, FAMILY AND THE STATE......Page 406
HIERARCHIES, SOLIDARITY AND STRATIFICATION......Page 417
THE NEW POWER ELITE......Page 425
11 Forms of representation: language, literature and the icon......Page 433
ICONS, EVOCATIONS AND EXPECTATIONS......Page 435
LITERATURE, PIETY AND THE END OF ANTIQUITY......Page 455
PIETY AND SECURITY: THE POLES OF AUTHORITY......Page 466
CONTRADICTION AND REGENERATION: THE DYNAMIC OF THE BYZANTINE SOCIAL FORMATION......Page 473
Addendum: Further observations on the question of the late ancient city......Page 489
Primary sources......Page 492
(B) SELECTED SECONDARY LITERATURE......Page 499
Index......Page 512