Business Process Management: Blockchain and Robotic Process Automation Forum: BPM 2021 Blockchain and RPA Forum, Rome, Italy, September 6–10, 2021: Proceedings

Preface
Organization
Contents
Robotic Process Automation Forum
Humans, Processes and Robots: A Journey to Hyperautomation
	1 Abstract
		1.1 Framing RPA in BPM
		1.2 The Era of Hyperautomation
	References
A Framework of Cost Drivers for Robotic Process Automation Projects
	Abstract
	1 Introduction
	2 Foundations for Cost Estimation in IT Automation Projects
		2.1 Comparison of Cost in IT Automation Projects and RPA Projects
		2.2 Dimensions of Measurement Metrics
	3 Research Methodology
	4 Cost Estimation in Robotic Process Automation Projects
		4.1 Cost Drivers in RPA Projects
		4.2 Systematization of Cost Estimation in RPA Projects
		4.3 A Framework of Cost Estimation with Varying Project Scopes
	5 Illustrative Use Case
	6 Discussion
	7 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Adding Decision Management to Robotic Process Automation
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminaries
		2.1 Decision Model and Notation
		2.2 Robotic Process Automation
		2.3 Decisions in RPA
	3 Motivating Example
	4 Integration Concepts
		4.1 Design
		4.2 Development
		4.3 Deployment, Testing, and Operation
		4.4 Generic Architecture
	5 Evaluation
		5.1 Proof of Concept Prototype
		5.2 Limitations
	6 Conclusion
	References
AIRPA: An Architecture to Support the Execution and Maintenance of AI-Powered RPA Robots
	1 Introduction
	2 Context
	3 Research Project
		3.1 Initial Goals
		3.2 Approach
		3.3 Architecture
		3.4 Achievements of Goals
	4 Related Work
	5 Results
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Blockchain Forum
An Empirical Evaluation of Smart Contract-Based Data Quality Assessment in Ethereum
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Related Work
	3 Data Quality Assessment Model
		3.1 Data Quality Controls in Blockchains
		3.2 Smart Contract-Based Data Quality Assessment
	4 Two Scenarios for Data Quality Assessment
		4.1 Scenario 1: Drugs Transportation
		4.2 Scenario 2: Drugs Prescription
	5 Evaluation of Data Quality Assessment Overhead
	6 Conclusions
	References
Blockchain as a Countermeasure Solution for Security Threats of Healthcare Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Blockchain
		2.2 Research Method
		2.3 Related Work
	3 Security Risk Analysis of Healthcare Applications
		3.1 Data Tampering
		3.2 Data Theft
		3.3 Medical Records Mishandling
		3.4 Counterfeit Drugs (Fake Medicine)
		3.5 Man in the Middle (MitM) Attack
	4 Healthcare Security Ontology
	5 Ontology Evaluation
	6 Discussion and Concluding Remarks
	References
Studying Bitcoin Privacy Attacks and Their Impact on Bitcoin-Based Identity Methods
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Bitcoin
		2.2 Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs)
		2.3 BTCR
	3 Bitcoin Privacy Attacks
		3.1 Research Method
		3.2 Bitcoin Blockchain Heuristics
		3.3 Side Channel Attacks
		3.4 Flow Analysis
		3.5 Auxiliary Information
	4 BTCR Privacy Issues and Possible Countermeasures
		4.1 Surveillance
		4.2 Misattribution
		4.3 Correlation
		4.4 Identification
		4.5 Secondary Use
		4.6 Disclosure
	5 Conclusion
	References
Enhancing Blockchain-Based Processes with Decentralized Oracles
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Blockchain: Definition and Applications
		2.2 Blockchain Oracles
	3 Motivating Use Case Scenario
	4 Decentralized Oracles
		4.1 Architecture Overview
		4.2 Decentralized Pull-in Oracle
		4.3 Decentralized Push-out Oracle
		4.4 Decentralized Push-in Oracle
		4.5 Decentralized Pull-out Oracle
	5 Implementation
		5.1 Prototype and Experimental Setting
		5.2 Performance Tests
	6 Opportunities and Challenges
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Methods for Decentralized Identities: Evaluation and Insights
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Methodology
		3.1 DID Method Selection
		3.2 Evaluation Process
	4 Evaluated DID Methods
		4.1 did:btcr
		4.2 did:sov
		4.3 did:ethr
		4.4 did:web
		4.5 did:v1
		4.6 did:peer
	5 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Author Index