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دسته بندی: کسب و کار ویرایش: 1 نویسندگان: Sean P. Melvin, David Orozco, F.E. Guerra-Pujol سری: ISBN (شابک) : 0078023823, 9780078023828 ناشر: McGraw Hill سال نشر: 2021 تعداد صفحات: 3099 زبان: English فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود) حجم فایل: 65 مگابایت
در صورت تبدیل فایل کتاب Business Law and Strategy به فرمت های PDF، EPUB، AZW3، MOBI و یا DJVU می توانید به پشتیبان اطلاع دهید تا فایل مورد نظر را تبدیل نمایند.
توجه داشته باشید کتاب قانون تجارت و استراتژی نسخه زبان اصلی می باشد و کتاب ترجمه شده به فارسی نمی باشد. وبسایت اینترنشنال لایبرری ارائه دهنده کتاب های زبان اصلی می باشد و هیچ گونه کتاب ترجمه شده یا نوشته شده به فارسی را ارائه نمی دهد.
"استراتژی های حقوقی به عنوان سکوی پرشی برای کسب و کارها عمل می کنند تا مزیت های رقابتی به دست آورند، فرصت ها را برای دستیابی به اهداف شناسایی کنند و در شرکت ارزش ایجاد کنند. مدیران کسب و کار به طور فزاینده ای وظیفه دارند اصول استراتژی قانونی را درک کنند و تشخیص دهند که کدام استراتژی ها با نیازها و تاثیرات تجاری آنها مرتبط است. از آنجایی که دانشآموزان امروزی مدیران و صاحبان کسبوکار فردا هستند، توانمندسازی آنها با دانش قانون تجارت و اصول استراتژی حقوقی، پایهای قوی برای موفقیت آینده آنها در دنیای تجارت فراهم میکند."
"Legal strategies act as a springboard for businesses to gain competitive advantages, identify opportunities to reach goals, and create value in the firm. Business managers are increasingly tasked with understanding the basics of legal strategy and recognizing which strategies tie into their business needs and influence their decision making. Because today's students are tomorrow's business managers and owners, empowering them with knowledge of business law and the basics of legal strategy provides a strong foundation for their future success in the business world"--
Table of Contents and Preface Title Copyright Dedication About the Authors Preface From the Authors Teaching Features Related to STRATEGY and CRITICAL THINKING Teaching Features Related to REINFORCEMENT Other Program Features Connect FOR INSTRUCTORS FOR STUDENTS Acknowledgments Brief Contents Table of Contents Unit One: Fundamentals of the Legal Environment of Business Chapter 1: Legal Foundations and Thinking Strategically Unit One: Fundamentals of the Legal Environment of Business Introduction Chapter Overview Introduction to Law Categories of Law Language of the Law Functions of Law Law in Context: Business and Strategy Business Swimming in a Sea of Law: Defining Strategy Using Strategy in Legal Decisions Role of Counsel Primary Sources and Levels of American Law Constitutional Law Statutory Law Administrative Law Common Law Law versus Equity Secondary Sources of Law Stare Decisis and Precedent Stare Decisis and Business Thinking Strategically Four Categories Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 1.1 U.S. v. Alvarez 567 U.S. 709 (2012) CASE SUMMARY 1.2 Sokoloff v. Harriman Estate Development Corp., 754 N.E.2d 184 (N.Y. 2001) CASE SUMMARY 1.3 Jones v. R. R. Donnelley & Sons Co., 541 U.S. 369 (2004) CASE SUMMARY 1.4 Kauffman-Harmon v. Kauffman, 36 P.3d 408 (Sup. Ct. Mont. 2001) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 2: Business, Societal, and Ethical Contexts of Law Introduction Chapter Overview The Relationships between Business Organizations, Law, and Ethics Ethical Decision-Making Regimes Principles-Based Approach Consequences-Based Approach Contract-Based Approach Corporate Social Responsibility Major CSR Schools of Thought CSR and Litigation Values Management and Compliance Departments Business Ethics Challenges in Values Management Common Traits of Effective Values Management Compliance Departments Ethical Decision Making: A Manager’s Paradigm Community-Based Nonprofit and Benefit Corporations Thinking Strategically Patently Unfair Behavior? Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 2.1 Dodge v. Ford Motor Co., 204 Mich. 459, 170 N.W. 668 (1919) CASE SUMMARY 2.2 In re High-Tech Employee Antitrust Litigation, U.S. District Court, Northern District of California 11-cv-2509 (2013) CASE SUMMARY 2.3 In re Volkswagen “Clean Diesel” Marketing, Sales Practices, and Products Liability Litigation, U.S. District Court, Northern District of California MDL No. 2672 CRB (2017) CASE SUMMARY 2.4 Goswami v. American Collections Enterprise, Inc., 377 F.3d 488 (5th Cir. 2004) CASE SUMMARY 2.5 Luther v. Countrywide Home Loans Servicing, 533 F.3d 1031 (9th Cir. 2008) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 3: Business and the Constitution Introduction Chapter Overview Structure of the Constitution Federalism Separation of Powers Overview of Federal Powers The Congress (Article I) The President (Article II) The Federal Courts (Article III) Regulation of Commerce Scope of the Commerce Power Negative Commerce Clause The Commerce Clause Today The Bill of Rights First Amendment (Freedom of Speech, Assembly, and Religion) Second Amendment (Arms) Third Amendment (Housing of Soldiers) Fourth Amendment (Search and Seizure) Fifth Amendment (Procedural Fairness and Property Rights) Sixth Amendment (Criminal Trials) Seventh Amendment (Civil Trials) Eighth Amendment (Bail, Fines, and Punishments) Ninth Amendment (Unenumerated Rights) Tenth Amendment (Federalism and Popular Sovereignty) Due Process and Equal Protection Due Process Equal Protection Standards of Review An Important Digression: Amending the Constitution Interpreting the Constitution: Originalism versus the Living Constitution Originalism The Living Constitution Thinking Strategically The Constitution as a Commitment Device Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 3.1 Brown v. Board of Education II, 394 U.S. 294 (1955) CASE SUMMARY 3.2 Executive Order 10730 (Desegregation of Central High) CASE SUMMARY 3.3 Title IX CASE SUMMARY 3.4 State v. DeAngelo, 930 A.2d 1236 (N.J. Supreme Ct. 2007) CASE SUMMARY 3.5 U.S. v. Alderman, 565 F.3d 641 (9th Cir. 2009) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 4: The American Judicial System, Jurisdiction, and Venue Introduction Chapter Overview Role and Structure of the Judiciary State versus Federal Courts State Courts Federal Courts Applying Precedent Persuasive Value Distinguishable Cases Jurisdiction Jurisdiction and Business Strategy Overview of Jurisdiction Subject Matter Jurisdiction: Authority over the Dispute Personal Jurisdiction Out-of-State Defendants Injurious Effect Physical Presence Voluntary Minimum Contacts and the Internet Venue Thinking Strategically Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 4.1 Bickford v. Onslow Memorial Hospital Foundation, 855 A.2d 1150 (Me. 2004) CASE SUMMARY 4.2 M/S Bremen v. Zapata Off-Shore Co., 407 U.S. 1 (1972) CASE SUMMARY 4.3 Mink v. AAAA Development LLC, 190 F.3d 333 (5th Cir. 1999) CASE SUMMARY 4.4 Toys “R” Us, Inc. v. Step Two, S.A., 318 F.3d 446 (3d Cir. 2003) CASE SUMMARY 4.5 Estate of Weingeroff v. Pilatus Aircraft, 566 F.3d 94 (3d Cir. 2009) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 5: Resolving Disputes: Litigation and Alternative Dispute Resolution Introduction Chapter Overview Civil Litigation Impact of Civil Litigation Business Planning Stages of Litigation Prelawsuit: Demand and Prelitigation Settlement Negotiations Pleadings Stage Discovery Stage Pretrial Conference Trial Posttrial Motions and Appeals Collecting the Judgment Alternative Dispute Resolution Informal ADR Formal ADR Methods Arbitration Employment and Labor Arbitration Mediation Expert Evaluation Other Forms of ADR Thinking Strategically Online Dispute Resolution Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 5.1 Infinite Energy, Inc. v. Thai Heng Chang, 2008 WL 4098329 (N.D. Fla. 2008) CASE SUMMARY 5.2 Bridgestone Americas Holding, Inc. v. Mayberry, 854 N.E.2d 355 (Ind. 2006) CASE SUMMARY 5.3 Massachusetts v. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 127 S. Ct. 1438 (2007) CASE SUMMARY 5.4 Exxon Shipping Co. v. Exxon Seamen’s Union, 11 F.3d 1189 (3d Cir. 1993) CASE SUMMARY 5.5 Hooters of America, Inc. v. Phillips, 173 F.3d 933 (4th Cir. 1999) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Unit Two: Contracts, Sales, and Leases Chapter 6: Contracts: Overview, Definition, Categories, and Source of Law Unit Two: Contracts, Sales, and Leases Introduction Chapter Overview The Nature and Application of Contracts Elements of a Contract Types of Contracts Basic Contract Structure and Terminology Drafting Contracts with a Strategically Qualified Attorney Thinking Strategically Ticketmaster’s Strategic Contracts Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 6.1 Chambers v. Travelers Companies, 668 F.3d 559 (8th Cir. 2012) CASE SUMMARY 6.2 Biomedical Systems Corp. v. GE Marquette Medical Systems, Inc., 287 F.3d 707 (8th Cir. 2002) CASE SUMMARY 6.3 Forest Park Pictures v. Universal Television Network, Inc., 683 F.3d 424 (2d Cir. 2012) CASE SUMMARY 6.4 Rochon Corp. v. City of Saint Paul, 814 N.W.2d 365 (Minn. Ct. App. 2012) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 7: Mutual Assent: Agreement and Consideration Introduction Chapter Overview Mutual Assent Requirements of an Offer Objective Intent Advertisements as an Offer E-Contracts Termination of an Offer Action of the Parties Operation of Law Acceptance Acceptance of an Offer: The Mailbox Rule Mistake Adequacy of Consideration Legal Detriment Amount and Type of Consideration Agreements That Lack Consideration Illusory Promises Past Consideration Promissory Estoppel Thinking Strategically What’s Your Negotiation Strategy? Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 7.1 Arizona Cartridge Remanufacturers Association v. Lexmark, 421 F.3d 981 (9th Cir. 2005) CASE SUMMARY 7.2 Biomedical Systems Corp. v. GE Marquette Medical Systems, Inc., 287 F.3d 707 (8th Cir. 2002) CASE SUMMARY 7.3 Reed’s Photo Mart, Inc. v. Monarch, 475 S.W.2d 356 (Tex. Civ. App. 1971) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 8: Capacity and Legality Introduction Chapter Overview Capacity Minors Mental Competency Intoxicated Persons Bright-Line Rules versus Flexible Standards Legality Statutes Public Policy Exceptions to the Nonenforcement Rule Thinking Strategically Forum Selection and Choice of Law Clauses Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 8.1 Webster Street Partnership Ltd. v. Sheridan, 368 N.W.2d 439 (Neb. 1985) CASE SUMMARY 8.2 Faber v. Sweet Style Manufacturing Corporation, 242 N.Y.S.2d 763 (N.Y. Sup. Ct., Nassau County, 1963) CASE SUMMARY 8.3 Biomedical Systems Corp. v. GE Marquette Medical Systems, Inc., 287 F.3d 707 (8th Cir. 2002) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 9: Enforceability Introduction Chapter Overview Enforceability of Contracts Consent Defects Misrepresentation and the Strategic Problem of Asymmetric Information Innocent Misrepresentation Fraud Additional Contract Defenses Duress Undue Influence Unconscionability The Statute of Frauds Contract Interpretation and the Parol Evidence Rule Thinking Strategically Enforceability of Confidentiality Agreements and Noncompete Clauses Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 9.1 Professional Bull Riders, Inc. v. AutoZone, Inc., unpublished order and judgment dated August 15, 2005 (10th Cir. 2005) CASE SUMMARY 9.2 Alaska Packers’ Association v. Domenico, 117 F. 99 (9th Cir. 1902) CASE SUMMARY 9.3 Harley-Davidson Motor Co. v. PowerSports, Inc., 319 F.3d 973 (7th Cir. 2003) CASE SUMMARY 9.4 Tafel v. Lion Antique Investments & Consulting Services, 773 S.E.2d 743, Supreme Court of Georgia (2015) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 10: Performance Introduction Chapter Overview The Nature and Effect of Contract Conditions Discharging Obligations through Good Faith Performance Discharge by Mutual Agreement Rescission Accord and Satisfaction Substitute Agreement Novation Discharge by Operation of Law Impossibility Impracticability Frustration of Purpose Thinking Strategically Use of Conditions Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 10.1 Sechrest v. Forest Furniture Co., 264 N.C. 216 (N.C. 1965) CASE SUMMARY 10.2 1700 Rinehart, LLC v. Advance America, Cash Advance Centers, etc., 5D09-3759 (Fla. 5th DCA 2010) CASE SUMMARY 10.3 Hearthstone, Inc. v. Dept. of Agriculture, CBCA 3725 (2015) CASE SUMMARY 10.4 Wooden v. Synovus Bank, A13A0876 Ga. App. (2013) CASE SUMMARY 10.5 Ed Wolfe Construction, Inc. v. Richard Knight and Luann Knight, 2014 IL App (5th) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 11: Breach and Remedies Introduction Chapter Overview Breach Defined Partial Breach Anticipatory Repudiation Remedies at Law (Money Damages) Compensatory Damages Consequential Damages Restitution Liquidated Damages Equitable Remedies Specific Performance Injunctive Relief Reformation Duty to Mitigate Thinking Strategically Performance Assurances Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 11.1 Pepsi-Cola Co. v. Steak ’n Shake, Inc., 981 F. Supp. 1149 (S.D. Ind. 1997) CASE SUMMARY 11.2 DiFolco v. MSNBC, 622 F.3d 104 (2d Cir. 2010) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 12: Contracts for the Sale of Goods: Overview of Article 2 Introduction Chapter Overview Introduction to the UCC Purpose of Article 2 of the UCC Default Rules UCC Article 2 Coverage and Definitions UCC and the Common Law Thinking Strategically The Sale of Goods over the Internet and the Shadow of the Future Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 12.1 Advent Systems Ltd. v. Unisys Corp., 925 F.2d 670 (3d Cir. 1991) CASE SUMMARY 12.2 3L Communications LLC v. Merola, 2013 WL 4803532, Court of Appeals of Tennessee (2013) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 13: Sales Contracts: Agreement, Consideration, and the Statute of Frauds Introduction Chapter Overview Formation of Agreement for Sale of Goods Firm Offers by Merchants Offers with Open Terms A Word about Quantity Other Open Terms Acceptance Consideration The Battle of the Forms Nonmerchant Transactions Merchant Transactions Statute of Frauds Thinking Strategically The Battle of the Forms Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 13.1 Movado Group, Inc. v. Mozaffarian, 938 N.Y.S2d 27 (2012) CASE SUMMARY 13.2 Hebberd-Kulow Enterprises, Inc. v. Kelomar, Inc., Court of Appeals of California, 4th District (2016) CASE SUMMARY 13.3 Daitom, Inc. v. Pennwalt Corp., 741 F.2d 1569 (10th Cir. 1984) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 14: Title, Allocation of Risk, and Insurable Interest Introduction Chapter Overview Identification of Goods Issues Related to Title Transfers Passing of Title Good Faith Buyers Insurable Interest Risk of Loss Thinking Strategically Strategic Assessment of Shipping Terms Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 14.1 3L Communications v. Merola d/b/a NY Telecom Supply, No. M2012- 02163-COA-R3-CV, Court of Appeals of Tennessee (2013) CASE SUMMARY 14.2 Frelinghuysen Morris Foundation v. AXA Art Insurance, 603015 (2009) CASE SUMMARY 14.3 Jacq Wilson et al. v. Brawn of California, Inc., 132 Cal. App. 4th 549 (2005) CASE SUMMARY 14.4 St. Paul Guardian Insurance Company et al. v. Neuromed Medical Systems & Support, GmbH et al., 00 Civ. 9344 (SHS) U.S. Dist. Ct., S.D.N.Y. (2002) CASE SUMMARY 14.5 Windows, Inc. v. Jordan Panel Systems Corp., 177 F.3d 114 (1999) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 15: Performance and Cure in Sales Contracts Introduction Chapter Overview The UCC and Good Faith Performance, Past Dealings, and Trade Practices Obligations of the Seller Perfect Tender Rights of the Seller Commercial Impracticability Obligations and Rights of the Buyer Buyer’s Right of Inspection: Acceptance or Rejection Special Rules for Installment Contracts Thinking Strategically Notice and Remediation Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 15.1 Ner Tamid Congregation of North Town v. Krivoruchko, 638 F. Supp. 2d 913 (N.D. III. 2009) CASE SUMMARY 15.2 General Motors Corp. v. Acme Refining Co., 513 F. Supp. 2d 906 (E.D. Mich. 2007) CASE SUMMARY 15.3 Furlong v. Alpha Chi Omega Sorority et al., 73 Ohio Misc.2d 26 (1993) CASE SUMMARY 15.4 Zion Temple First Pentecostal Church of Cincinnati v. Brighter Day Bookstore & Gifts and Murphy Cap & Gown Co., 970 N.E.2d 441 (Ohio 2004) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 16: Breach and Remedies in a Sales Transaction Introduction Chapter Overview Definition of a Breach Seller’s Breach Buyer’s Breach Important Breach-Related Dates Seller’s Remedies Buyer’s Remedies Limitation of Remedies Thinking Strategically Reacting to a Potential Sales Contract Breach7 Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 16.1 Glenn Distributors Corp. v. Carlisle Plastics, Inc., 297 F.3d 294 (3d Cir. 2002) CASE SUMMARY 16.2 S.W.B. New England, Inc. v. R.A.B. Food Group, LLC, 2008 WL 540091 (S.D.N.Y. 2008) CASE SUMMARY 16.3 Swan Lake Holdings, LLC v. Yamaha Golf-Car Co., U.S. Dist. LEXIS 19684 (U.S. Dist. Ct. North. Dist. Ind., S. Bend Div., 2011) CASE SUMMARY 16.4 Huntsville Hospital v. Mortara Instrument, 57 F.3d 1043 (11th Cir. 1995) CASE SUMMARY 16.5 Aero Consulting Corp. v. Cessna Aircraft Co., 867 F. Supp. 1480 (D. Kan. 1994) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 17: UCC Article 2A: Lease Contracts Introduction Chapter Overview Introduction to Article 2A of the UCC UCC Article 2A Coverage Some Basic Terminology: Lessors and Lessees True Leases versus Secured Transactions Warranties Finance Leases Leases That Must Be in Writing Thinking Strategically Lease or Own? Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 17.1 Cucchi v. Rollins Protective Services, 574 A.2d 565 (Pa. 1990) CASE SUMMARY 17.2 Corporate Center Associates v. Total Group and Office Outfitters, 462 N.W.2d 713 (Iowa Ct. App. 1990) CASE SUMMARY 17.3 Brankle Brokerage & Leasing, Inc. v. Volvo Financial Services, 394 B.R. 906 (2008) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 18: Sales Warranties Introduction Chapter Overview Types of Warranties Express Warranties Implied Warranties Disclaimers and Limitations Third-Party Rights Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act Thinking Strategically Advertising and Express Warranties Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 18.1 Giles v. POM Wonderful, LLC, No. 10-32192 (Cir. Ct., 17th Jud. Cir., Broward County, Fla., filed August 6, 2010) CASE SUMMARY 18.2 Mennonite Deaconess Home & Hospital, Inc. v. Gates Engineering Co., 219 Neb. 303, 363 N.W.2d 155 (1985) CASE SUMMARY 18.3 City of LaCrosse v. Schubert, Schroeder & Associates, 72 Wis. 2d 38, 240 N.W.2d 124 (1976) CASE SUMMARY 18.4 Consumers Power Co. v. Mississippi Valley Structural Steel Co., 636 F. Supp. 1100 (E.D. Mich. 1986) CASE SUMMARY 18.5 Webster v. Blue Ship Tea Room, Inc., 198 N.E. 2d 309 (Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, 1964) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Unit Three: Commercial Paper and Secured Transactions Chapter 19: Definition, Creation, and Categories of Negotiable Instruments Unit Three: Commercial Paper and Secured Transactions Introduction Chapter Overview Features of a Negotiable Instrument Unconditional Promise Order Fixed Amount In Writing and Signed Payable to Order or to Bearer Payable on Demand or at a Future Time Types of Negotiable Instruments Draft Check Certificate of Deposit (CD) Promissory Note Steps to Negotiate and Indorse an Instrument Negotiation of Order Paper Negotiation of Bearer Paper Negotiable Instruments and Securitization in Debt Capital Markets Thinking Strategically Negotiating Accounts Receivable Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 19.1 Cooperatieve Centrale Raiffeisen-Boerenleenbank B.A. v. William H. Bailey, 710 F. Supp. 737 (C.D. Cal. 1989) CASE SUMMARY 19.2 In re AppOnline, Inc., 321 B.R. 614; 2003 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 26258 (2003) CASE SUMMARY 19.3 Blasco v. Money Services Center, 352 B.R. 888 (N. Dist. Ala. 2006) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 20: Negotiation, Indorsements, and Holder in Due Course Introduction Chapter Overview Negotiation Holder Negotiation and Transfer Holder in Due Course (HDC) Status Value Good Faith Without Notice The Shelter Rule Defenses and Third-Party Claims Real Defenses Personal Defenses Claims in Recoupment HDC and Consumers Holder Rule Requirements Thinking Strategically Preventing Fraud through Artificial Intelligence Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 20.1 Carter & Grimsley v. Omni Trading, Inc., 716 N.E.2d 320 (Ill. App. Ct. 1999) CASE SUMMARY 20.2 Any Kind Checks Cashed, Inc. v. Talcott (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002) CASE SUMMARY 20.3 Zener v. Velde, 17 P.3d 296 (Idaho Ct. App. 2000) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 21: Liability, Defenses, and Discharge Introduction Chapter Overview Liability on the Instrument Primary Liability Secondary Liability Presentment Instruments That Are Dishonored Agency Issues Warranty Liability Transfer Warranties Presentment Warranties Defenses against Holders of Negotiable Instruments Discharge Discharge by Payment Discharge by Tender Discharge by Cancellation or Renunciation Discharge by Material and Fraudulent Alteration Discharge by Certification Discharge by Acceptance Varying a Draft Notice Requirement Thinking Strategically Judgment-Proof Defendants Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 21.1 Bank of Nichols Hills v. Bank of Oklahoma, 196 P.3d 984 (Okla. Civ. App. 2008) CASE SUMMARY 21.2 Flatiron Linen v. First American State Bank, 23 P.3d 1209, Supreme Court of Colorado (2001) CASE SUMMARY 21.3 Cooper v. Union Bank, 507 P.2d 609, Supreme Court of California, (1973) CASE SUMMARY 21.4 Cooper v. Union Bank, 507 P.2d 609, Supreme Court of California (1973) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 22: Checks, Deposits, and Financial Institutions Introduction Chapter Overview Checks in Commercial Transactions Electronic Payment Systems Debit Cards Credit Cards Automated Clearing House (ACH) Transactions Electronic Funds Transfers (Wires) Mobile Payment Apps and the Blockchain Mobile Payment Apps Blockchain Fraud Rules Related to Checks and Electronic Payment Systems Thinking Strategically Stolen and Forged Business Checks Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 22.1 Wachovia Bank, N.A. v. Foster Bankshares, Inc., 457 F.3d 619, 60 U.C.C. 2d 1126 (7th Cir. 2006) CASE SUMMARY 22.2 Halifax Corp. v. First Union National Bank, 26 Va. 91, 546 S.E.2d 696, 44 U.C.C. 2d 661 (2001) CASE SUMMARY 22.3 TME Enterprises, Inc. v. Norwest Corp., 124 Cal. App. 4th 1021 (2004) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 23: Secured Transactions Introduction Chapter Overview Classifications of Collateral in Secured Transactions The Steps to Create a Security Interest Enter into Contract with Lender That Defines and Creates Security Interest Attach a Security Interest to Property Perfecting a Security Interest Perfection by Filing Perfection by Possession Automatic Perfection Perfection by Control Priority among Creditors’ Claims to Collateral The Consequences of a Borrower’s Default Thinking Strategically Assessing and Perfecting a Security Interest Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 23.1 In re Estate of Joseph M. Silver, 2003 Mich. App. LEXIS 1389 CASE SUMMARY 23.2 In re Pfautz, 264 B.R. 551 (W.D. Miss. 2001) CASE SUMMARY 23.3 In re Piknik Products Co., 346 B.R. 863 (Bankr. M.D. Ala. 2006) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 24: Creditors’ Rights Introduction Chapter Overview Personal Guaranties Rights against Third Parties Defenses Liens Judicial Liens Statutory Liens Consensual Liens Collecting Unsecured Debts Obtaining and Enforcing a Judgment Garnishment Levy Discovery Sale of Property State Exemption Laws Thinking Strategically Using Statutory Liens Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 24.1 Anthony DeMarco & Sons Nursery, LLC v. Maxim Construction Service Corp., 130 A.D.3d 1409 (N.Y. Sup. Ct. App. Div. 2015) CASE SUMMARY 24.2 On the Level Enterprises, Inc. v. 49 East Houston LLC, 2013 NY Slip Op. 01614 [104 A.D.3d 500] CASE SUMMARY 24.3 Assevero v. Rihan, 144 A.D.3d 1061 (App. Div. Sup. Ct. of NY 2016) CASE SUMMARY 24.4 Barrie-Chivian v. Lepler, 87 Mass. App. Ct. 683 (2015) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 25: Alternatives for Insolvent Borrowers Introduction Chapter Overview Workouts Turnaround Advisors Workout Models Workouts versus Bankruptcy Assignment for the Benefit of Creditors (ABC) Assignment Agreement Distribution ABC Statutory Requirements Shareholder and Director Approval Out of Existence Thinking Strategically Turning It Around Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 25.1 Sherwood Partners as ABC Assignee of Thinklink v. Lycos, 394 F.3d 1198 (9th Cir. 2005) CASE SUMMARY 25.2 Moecker v. Antoine et al., 845 So.2d 904 (Fla. Ct. App. 2003) Chapter Review Questions Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 26: Bankruptcy Introduction Chapter Overview Bankruptcy Code Automatic Stay Bankruptcy Trustee Chapter 7: Liquidation Bankruptcy Petition and Stay Order for Relief and Trustee Appointment Creditors’ Meeting and the Bankruptcy Estate Distribution and Discharge Chapter 11: Reorganization Debtor in Possession Strong-Arm Clause Reorganization Plan Chapter 13: Individual Repayment The Fraud Exception Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act Other BAPCPA Requirements Thinking Strategically Strategic Bankruptcy Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 26.1 In re Fehrs, 391 B.R. 53 (Bankr. D. Idaho, 2008) CASE SUMMARY 26.2 Ellison v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue Service, 385 B.R. 158 (S.D. W. Va. 2008) CASE SUMMARY 26.3 In re Richie, 353 B.R. 569 (Bankr. E.D. Wis. 2006) CASE SUMMARY 26.4 In re Jones, 392 B.R. 116 (E.D. Pa. 2008) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Unit Four: Business Entities Chapter 27: Choice of Business Entity and Sole Proprietorships Unit Four: Business Entities Introduction Chapter Overview Choosing a Business Entity Evolution of the Entity Sole Proprietorships Liability of Proprietor Capitalization Taxation Management and Organization Termination Franchises: A Method Rather Than an Entity Franchise Agreements FTC Regulation State Regulation Thinking Strategically Umbrella Insurance Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 27.1 Vernon v. Schuster, 688 N.E.2d 1172 (lll. 1997) CASE SUMMARY 27.2 Nazi v. Jerry’s Oil Co. (Tenn. Ct. App. 2014) CASE SUMMARY 27.3 Clayton v. Planet Travel Holdings, Inc., 988 N.E.2d 1110 (Ill. App. Ct. 2013) CASE SUMMARY 27.4 England v. Simmons, 757 S.E.2d 111 (Ga. 2014) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 28: Partnerships Introduction Chapter Overview General Partnership Formation Overview of the Revised Uniform Partnership Act (RUPA) and the Uniform Partnership Act (UPA) General Partnerships in the Context of Business The Rights of Partners Right to Share Profits and Losses Equally Right to Partnership Property Right to Co-manage the Business Right to Indemnity Right to Vote Right to Be Informed The Duties of Partners Duty of Loyalty Duty of Care Duty of Good Faith The Partnership Agreement Capital Contributions Property Provision Profits and Losses Salary Management Rights Buy-Sell Agreement Limited Partnerships and Family Limited Partnerships Formation Personal Liability of Principals Capitalization Taxation of Partners and Partnership Management and Operation of the Partnership Family Limited Partnerships Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) Formation Liability Taxation Capitalization Partner Dissociation and Partnership Dissolution Dissociation under the RUPA Withdrawal under the RULPA Other Events of Dissolution Thinking Strategically Partnership Formation Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 28.1 Conklin v. Holland, 138 S.W.3d 215 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2003) CASE SUMMARY 28.2 Rahemtulla v. Hassam, 539 F. Supp. 2d 755 (M.D. Pa. 2008) CASE SUMMARY 28.3 In re Spree.com Corp., 2001 WL 1518242 (Bankr. E.D. Pa. 2001) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 29: Limited Liability Companies Introduction Chapter Overview Overview of the LLC Laws Governing LLCs Formation of the LLC Capitalization of the LLC The Operating Agreement Limited Liability of the Owners Taxation of the LLC Dissolution versus Dissociation Thinking Strategically Choice of Business Entity Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 29.1 Kaycee Land and Livestock v. Flahive, 46 P.3d 323, Supreme Court of Wyoming (2002) CASE SUMMARY 29.2 Emprise v. Rumisek, 26 Kan. App. 2d. 760, Court of Appeals of Kansas (2009) CASE SUMMARY 29.3 Lamprecht v. Jordan, LLC, 75 P.3d 743, Supreme Court of Idaho (2003) CASE SUMMARY 29.4 Lieberman v. Wyoming.com, LLC, 82 P.3d 274, Supreme Court of Wyoming (2004) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 30: Corporations: Formation and Organization Introduction Chapter Overview Corporation as an Entity Classifications of Corporations Privately Held versus Publicly Held Other Categories Formation and Start-up Issues Pre-incorporation Activity: Liability of Promoters Choice of State of Incorporation Tax Matters Initial Organizational Meeting Corporate Formalities Sources of Financing Debt Equity Venture Capital Firms Public Offerings Corporate Veil Protection Piercing the Corporate Veil Personal Guarantees Shareholders, Directors, and Officers Shareholders Board of Directors Officers Fiduciary Duties of Officers, Directors, and Controlling Shareholders Duty of Care Business Judgment Rule Duty of Loyalty Thinking Strategically Strengthening Your Corporate Veil Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 30.1 Miner v. Fashion Enterprises, Inc., 794 N.E.2d 902 (Ill. App. Ct. 1999) CASE SUMMARY 30.2 Village at Camelback Property Owners Association v. Carr, 538 A.2d 528 (Pa. Super. 1988) CASE SUMMARY 30.3 Goodman v. Darden, Doman & Stafford Associates 670 P.2d 648 (Wa. 1983) CASE SUMMARY 30.4 In re the Dow Chemical Company Derivative Litigation, Cons. Civil Action No. 4349-CC. (De. Ct. Chancery 2010) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 31: Corporate Transactions: Acquisitions and Mergers Introduction Chapter Overview Types of Corporate Transactions Some Strategic Aspects of Mergers and Acquisitions Successor Liability Fiduciary Duties Hostile Takeovers Nuts and Bolts of Corporate Transactions Thinking Strategically Successor Liability Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 31.1 Bernard v. Kee Manufacturing Co., Inc., 409 So. 2d 1047 (Fla. 1982) CASE SUMMARY 31.2 Smith v. Van Gorkom, 488 A.2d 858 (Del. 1985) CASE SUMMARY 31.3 In re Riverstone National, Inc. Shareholder Litigation, C.A. No. 9796-VCG (Del. Ch. 2016) CASE SUMMARY 31.4 Terry v. Penn Central Corp., 668 F.2d 188 (3d Cir. 1981) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Unit Five: Regulation of Securities, Corporate Governance, and Financial Markets Chapter 32: Overview of the Securities Market: Definition, Categories, and Regulation Unit Five: Regulation of Securities, Corporate Governance, and Financial Markets Introduction Chapter Overview Fundamentals of Securities Transactions Role of the Parties in a Securities Transaction Defining a Security Federal Securities Law Modern Application of the Howey Test Family Resemblance Test Defining a Seller of Securities Stock Market Games Crowdfunding Blue-Sky Laws: State Securities Law Categories of Securities Equity Instruments Debt Instruments Peer-to-Peer Lending Securities Regulation The Securities and Exchange Commission EDGAR State Regulation of Securities Risk Capital Test Thinking Strategically Considering Legal Issues in Financing Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 32.1 Mark v. FSC Securities Corporation, 870 F.2d 331 (6th Cir. 1989) CASE SUMMARY 32.2 SEC v. ETS Payphones, Inc., 408 F.3d 727 (11th Cir. 2005) CASE SUMMARY 32.3 Eberhardt v. Waters, 901 F.2d 1578 (11th Cir. 1990) CASE SUMMARY 32.4 Foltz v. U.S. News and World Report, Inc., 627 F. Supp. 1143 (D.D.C. 1986) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 33: Regulation of Issuance: The Securities Act of 1933 Introduction Chapter Overview The Securities Act of 1933 The Process of a Public Offering Preregistration Documentation Registration Filing the Registration Statement and Waiting Period Postregistration Exemptions from Registration Regulation D: Private and Small Transactions Accredited Investors Rule 504: Smaller Offerings Rule 506: Larger Private Placements Regulation A: Large Exempt Offerings Disclosures Required Regulation of Crowdfunding Rules for Issuers Rules for Investors Liability for Violations Section 11: Misrepresentations in the Registration Statement Section 12(a)(2): Misrepresentations in Public Offerings Section 17(a): Liability for Negligent Misrepresentation Penalties and Remedies Safe Harbors and Other Defenses Safe Harbors: The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 Materiality as a Defense Bespeaks Caution Doctrine Thinking Strategically Facebook’s Special Purpose Vehicle Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 33.1 In re The Vantive Corporation Securities Litigation, 110 F. Supp. 2d 1209 (N.D. Cal. 2000) CASE SUMMARY 33.2 Mark v. FSC Securities Corporation, 870 F.2d 331 (6th Cir. 1989) CASE SUMMARY 33.3 P. Stolz Family Partnership L.P. v. Daum, 355 F.3d 92 (2d Cir. 2004) CASE SUMMARY 33.4 Panther Partners v. Ikanos, 681 F.3d 114 (2d Cir. 2012) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 34: Regulation of Trading: The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Introduction Chapter Overview The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Reporting Companies Mandatory Disclosures and Records Section 13: Periodic Disclosure Section 14: Proxies Tender Offers Delisting Anti-Fraud Provisions Material Fact Right of Private Suit Insider Trading Traditional Insider Trading Misappropriation Theory Tipper-Tippee Liability Personal Benefit Test Section 16 Restrictions Rule 10b-5 and Section 16 in Tandem Scienter Thinking Strategically Noncompliance Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 34.1 Dirks v. SEC, 463 U.S. 646 (1983) CASE SUMMARY 34.2 United States v. Nacchio, 519 F.3d 1140 (10th Cir. 2008) CASE SUMMARY 34.3 United States v. Chestman, 947 F.2d 551 (2d Cir. 2008) CASE SUMMARY 34.4 SEC v. Switzer et al., 503 F. Supp. 756 (W.D. Okla. 1984) CASE SUMMARY 34.5 SEC v. Obus et al., 693 F.3d 276 (2d Cir. 2012) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 35: Regulation of Corporate Governance Introduction Chapter Overview Governance of Public Companies The Enron Scandal The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX Act) Reforms in the Accounting Industry Financial Reporting Corporate Governance Emergency Escrow The Dodd-Frank Act Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP) Financial Stability Oversight Council Expansion of SEC Jurisdiction and Enforcement Corporate Governance Dodd-Frank Whistleblower Provisions Thinking Strategically Cybersecurity and Disclosures Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 35.1 SEC v. Platforms Wireless, 617 F.3d 1072 (9th Cir. 2010) CASE SUMMARY 35.2 Leon v. IDX Systems Corporation, 464 F.3d 951 (9th Cir. 2006) CASE SUMMARY 35.3 In re Huffy Corp. Securities Litigation, 577 F. Supp. 2d 968 (D.C. S.D. Ohio 2008) CASE SUMMARY 35.4 Asadi v. GE Energy, 720 F.3d 620 (5th Cir. 2013) Chapter Review Questions Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 36: Regulation of Financial Markets Introduction Chapter Overview Types of Financial Markets Primary and Secondary Capital Markets The Main Parties in Capital Markets The Strategic Problem of Systemic Risk Dodd-Frank Expanded SEC Jurisdiction and Enforcement Financial Stability Oversight Council CEO Pay Ratio Disclosure Rule Say-on-Pay on Executive Compensation Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Whistleblower Protections Thinking Strategically Dodd-Frank and the Moral Hazard Problem Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 36.1 MetLife, Inc. v. Financial Stability Oversight Council, 177 F. Supp. 3d 219 (2016) (sealed opinion) CASE SUMMARY 36.2 PHH Corporation v. Consumer Financial Protection Board, 839 F.3d 1 (D.C. Cir. 2016) CASE SUMMARY 36.3 Digital Realty Trust, Inc. v. Somers, 583 U.S. __ (2018) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Unit Six: Agency and Employment Law Chapter 37: Agency Formation, Categories, and Authority Unit Six: Agency and Employment Law Introduction Chapter Overview Definitions and Sources of Agency Law Agency Transactions Creation of an Agency Relationship Manifestation and Consent Control Formalities Classification of Agents Employee Agents Independent Contractors Gratuitous Agents Employee Agents versus Independent Contractors: Direction and Control ABC Test IRS Three-Prong Test Liability for Misclassification Termination of an Agency Relationship Express Acts Operation of Law Thinking Strategically Limiting Liability for Misclassification Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 37.1 Futrell v. Payday California, Inc. et al., 190 Cal. App. 4th 1419 (8th Div. 2010) CASE SUMMARY 37.2 Harris v. Vector Marketing Corp., 753 F. Supp. 2d 996 (D.C. N.D. Cal. 2009) CASE SUMMARY 37.3 A. Gay Jensen Farms Co. v. Cargill, Inc., 309 N.W.2d 285 (Minn. 1981) CASE SUMMARY 37.4 Estrada v. FedEx Ground Package System, Inc., 64 Cal. Rptr. 3d 327 (2007) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 38: Duties and Liabilities of Principals and Agents Introduction Chapter Overview Principals, Agents, and Third Parties A Principal’s Liability for the Agent’s Contracts Actual Authority Apparent Authority Ratification Agent’s Contract Liability to Third Parties Fully Disclosed Agency Partially Disclosed Agency Undisclosed Agency A Principal’s Liability for the Agent’s Torts Physical Injury Requirement Scope of Employment Intentional Torts Negligent Hiring Doctrine Independent Contractors Thinking Strategically Employee Authority and Supplier Liability Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 38.1 Hannington v. University of Pennsylvania, 809 A.2d 406 (Pa. Super. Ct. 2002) CASE SUMMARY 38.2 Estrada v. FedEx Ground Package System, Inc., 64 Cal. Rptr. 3d 327 (2007) CASE SUMMARY 38.3 Edgewater Motels, Inc. v. A. J. Gatzke and Walgreen Company, 277 N.W.2d 11 (Minn. 1979) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 39: Employment at Will Introduction Chapter Overview Employment-at-Will Doctrine Express Contracts Labor Contracts Common Law Exceptions Public Policy Exception Implied Contracts Covenant of Good Faith and Fair Dealing Common Law Tort-Based Exceptions Statutory Protections for At-Will Employees False Claims Act State Laws Whistleblower Statutes State Whistleblower Laws Separate and Independent Defense Thinking Strategically Avoiding Implied Contracts Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 39.1 Brundridge v. Fluor Federal Services, Inc., 164 Wash. 2d 432 (2008) CASE SUMMARY 39.2 Haynes v. Zoological Society of Cincinnati, 652 N.E.2d 948 (Ohio Ct. App. 1995) CASE SUMMARY 39.3 Gardner v. Loomis Armored, Inc., 913 P.2d 377 (Wash. 1996) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 40: Employment Regulation and Labor Law Introduction Chapter Overview The Fair Labor Standards Act and State Laws Minimum Wage Maximum Workweek and Overtime Compensation Child Labor State Laws Retirement and Health Care Benefits Regulation of Pensions and Retirement Accounts Social Security Act Health Care Benefits Workers’ Compensation and Unemployment Benefits Defenses to Workers’ Compensation Claims Intentional Actions or Recklessness of the Employer Course of Employment Regulation of Workplace Safety Unemployment Compensation The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) FMLA Scope and Coverage FMLA Protections Key Employees Employee Privacy Monitoring of E-mail, Internet Usage, and Social Media Telephone and Voicemail Drug and Alcohol Testing Polygraph Testing Labor Laws and Union Membership Labor Law Labor Management Relations Act Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act Union Formation Collective Bargaining Grievances Strikes and Other Work Stoppages Employment Licensing Requirements Thinking Strategically Employee Classification Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 40.1 Sisco v. Quicker Recovery, Inc., 180 P.3d 46 (Or. Ct. App. 2008) CASE SUMMARY 40.2 Sullivan v. U.S. Postal Service, 2011-3220 (Fed. Cir. 2012) CASE SUMMARY 40.3 Bonilla v. Baker Concrete Construction, 487 F.3d 1340 (2007) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 41: Employment Discrimination Introduction Chapter Overview Definitions and Sources of Law Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) Asserting a Discrimination Claim Primary Federal Workplace Antidiscrimination Statutes Prescott v. WidgetCo Title VII Protected Classes Sexual Orientation Theories of Discrimination Sexual Harassment Theories of Sexual Harassment Same-Sex Harassment Vicarious Liability of Employers Strict Liability for Harassment by Supervisor Impact of #MeToo Movement Remedies Age Discrimination Substantially Younger Requirement Americans with Disabilities Act Documented-Disability Requirement ADA Amendments Act of 2008 “Regarded-as” Test Qualified Individual Equal Pay Act Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 Employer Defenses Faragher/Ellerth Defense Business Necessity Defense Bona Fide Occupation Qualification Seniority Employee Misconduct Affirmative Action Programs Legality State Antidiscrimination Statutes Thinking Strategically Proactive Harassment Prevention Framework Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 41.1 Dumas v. Union Pacific Railroad Co., 294 Fed. App. 822 (5th Cir. 2008) CASE SUMMARY 41.2 Harding v. Careerbuilder, LLC, 168 Fed. App. 535 (3d Cir. 2006) CASE SUMMARY 41.3 U.S. Airways, Inc. v. Barnett, 535 U.S. 391 (2002) CASE SUMMARY 41.4 Aquino v. Honda of America, Inc., 158 F. App’x 667 (6th Cir. 2005) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Unit Seven: Regulatory Environment of Business Chapter 42: Torts and Products Liability Unit Seven: Regulatory Environment of Business Introduction Chapter Overview Overview of Tort Law Sources of Law Products Liability Tort Classification Intentional Business-Related Torts Defamation Public Figure Standard Privilege Defenses to Defamation Trade Libel and Product Disparagement Laws Fraudulent Misrepresentation Negligent Misrepresentation False Imprisonment Business Competition Torts Tortious Interference with Existing Contractual Relationship Tortious Interference with Prospective Advantage Negligence Elements of Negligence Defenses to Negligence Claims Comparative Negligence Assumption of the Risk Strict Liability Torts Abnormally Dangerous Activities Products Liability Negligence Warranty Strict Liability Causation and Damages Seller’s Defenses Thinking Strategically Managing Risk through Liability Waivers Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 42.1 Mattison v. Johnston, 730 P.2d 286 (Ariz. App. 1986) CASE SUMMARY 42.2 Maher v. Best Western Inn, 717 So. 2d 97 (Fla. App. 5th Dist. 1998) CASE SUMMARY 42.3 Wurtzel v. Starbucks Coffee Co., 257 F. Supp. 2d 520 (E.D.N.Y. 2003) CASE SUMMARY 42.4 Coker v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 642 So. 2d 774 (Fla. App. 1st Dist. 1994) CASE SUMMARY 42.5 Burton v. MDC PGA Plaza Corp., 78 So. 3d 732 (Fla. App. 4th Dist. 2012) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 43: Administrative Law Introduction Chapter Overview Administrative Law in a Business Context Sources of Administrative Law The U.S. Constitution Enabling Statutes The Administrative Procedure Act (APA) Common Law Primary Functions of Administrative Agencies Rulemaking Licensing Investigation and Enforcement Adjudications Administering Public Benefits Limits on Administrative Agencies Legislative Oversight Executive Control Judicial Review Public Accountability State Administrative Law Thinking Strategically Responding to an Administrative Investigation Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 43.1 American Medical Association v. United States Internal Revenue Service, 887 F.2d 760 (7th Cir. 1989) CASE SUMMARY 43.2 Federal Express Corporation v. Holowecki, 128 S. Ct. 1147 (2008) CASE SUMMARY 43.3 Ranchers Cattlemen Action Legal Fund United Stockgrowers of America v. U.S. Department of Agriculture, 499 F.3d 1108 (9th Cir. 2007) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 44: Consumer Protection Introduction Chapter Overview State Lemon Laws Deceptive Trade Practices False Advertising Telemarketing and the Do Not Call Registry CAN-SPAM Act Consumer Review Fairness Act of 2016 Food and Drug Safety Automobiles Odometers Consumer Debt Credit Transactions Debt Collection Thinking Strategically Negative Online Reviews Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 44.1 Phoenix of Broward, Inc. v. McDonald’s Corp., 489 F.3d 1156 (11th Cir. 2007) CASE SUMMARY 44.2 Barrer v. Chase Bank USA, 566 F.3d 883 (9th Cir. 2009) CASE SUMMARY 44.3 Myers v. LHR, Inc., 543 F. Supp. 2d 1215 (S.D. Cal. 2008) CASE SUMMARY 44.4 U.S. v. Facebook, Inc., Case No. 19-cv-2184 (D.D.C. 2019) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 45: Criminal Law and Procedure Introduction Chapter Overview Criminal Law versus Criminal Procedure Criminal Law and Civil Law Burden of Proof Criminal Liability Act Requirement Mental Requirement Defenses Types of Crimes Criminal Law and Business Entities Individual Liability for Business Crimes Responsible Corporate Officers: The Park Doctrine White-Collar Crime Fraud Ponzi Schemes Conspiracy Obstruction of Justice Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act Securities Crimes Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Computer Fraud and Abuse Act The Criminal Justice System Investigation Adjudication Criminal Procedure Searches and Arrest Expectation of Privacy Plain View Doctrine Search Incident to Arrest Search of Business Premises Self-Incrimination Production of Business Records Exclusionary Rule Good Faith Exception Thinking Strategically Developing Corporate Compliance Programs Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 45.1 Bear Stearns & Co. v. Wyler, 182 F. Supp. 2d 679 (N.D. Ill. 2002) CASE SUMMARY 45.2 Lamb v. Philip Morris, Inc., 915 F.2d 1024 (6th Cir. 1990) CASE SUMMARY 45.3 United States v. Osborn, No. 3:12-cr-00047-M (N.D. Tex. 2012) CASE SUMMARY 45.4 State v. Yenzer, 195 P.3d 271 (Kan. Ct. App. 2008) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 46: Insurance Law Introduction Chapter Overview The Insurance Business Types of Insurance Policies Insurance Contracts Insurance Pricing Insurance Regulation Thinking Strategically Insurer’s Duty to Settle a Claim in Good Faith Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 46.1 Balentine v. New Jersey Insurance Underwriting Association, 966 A.2d 1098 (N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. 2009) CASE SUMMARY 46.2 Eyeblaster, Inc. v. Federal Insurance Co., 613 F.3d 797 (8th Cir. 2010) CASE SUMMARY 46.3 Papudesu v. Medical Malpractice Joint Underwriting Association of Rhode Island, 18 A.3d 495 (R.I. 2011) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 47: Environmental Law Introduction Chapter Overview Impact of Environmental Law on Business Origins and Sources of Environmental Law Government Enforcement Citizen Suit Provisions and Watchdog Groups National Environmental Policy Act NEPA Coverage and Procedures Procedural Steps The Clean Air Act Stationary Sources of Air Pollution Market-Based Approaches Economic Incentive Theory Mobile Sources of Air Pollution Water Pollution Control The Clean Water Act Water Quality Regulation Oil Spills Drinking Water Regulation of Solid Waste and Hazardous Materials Disposal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Toxic Substances Control Act Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act Superfund Removal and Remedial Responses Liability of Principally Responsible Parties (PRPs) Consent Decrees Allocation of Liability Defenses to Liability Thinking Strategically Avoiding Environmental Liability in Land Acquisitions Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 47.1 Sierra Club v. El Paso Gold Mines, Inc., 421 F.3d 1133 (10th Cir. 2005) CASE SUMMARY 47.2 United States v. Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority, 235 F.3d 817 (3d Cir. 2000) CASE SUMMARY 47.3 William Paxton v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 176 Ohio App. 3d 364 (2008) CASE SUMMARY 47.4 Beverly E. Black and James A. Black v. George Weston & Stroehmann Bakeries, Inc., U.S. Dist. Ct. (W.D.N.Y. 2008) CASE SUMMARY 47.5 No Spray Coalition, Inc. v. City of New York, 2000 WL 1401458 (S.D.N.Y. 2000) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Unit Eight: Property Chapter 48: Personal Property, Real Property, and Land Use Law Unit Eight: Property Introduction Chapter Overview Definition and Categories of Property Tangible Property Bailments Leased Personal Property: UCC Article 2A Real Property Ownership Rights Forms of Ownership Interests in Real Property Sale of Real Property Adverse Possession Landlord-Tenant Law Tenant Rights and Remedies Landlord Rights and Remedies Assignment and Subletting Governmental Regulation of Land Use Zoning Ordinances Environmental Regulations Eminent Domain Procedure Public Use Thinking Strategically Leveraging a Commercial Lease Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 48.1 Singer Co. v. Stott & Davis Motor Express, Inc. and Stoda Corp., 79 A.2d 227 (N.Y. App. Div. 1981) CASE SUMMARY 48.2 Chaplin v. Sanders, 676 P.2d 431 (Wash. 1984) CASE SUMMARY 48.3 Dayenian v. American National Bank and Trust Co. of Chicago, 414 N.E.2d 1199 (Ill. App. Ct. 1980) CASE SUMMARY 48.4 Amoco Oil Co. v. Jones, 467 N.W.2d 357 (Minn. Ct. App. 1991) CASE SUMMARY 48.5 Automobile Supply Co. v. Scene-In-Action, 172 N.E. 35 (III. 1930) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 49: Wills, Trusts, and Estates Introduction Chapter Overview Key Terms in Wills, Trusts, and Estates Decedent Estate Last Will and Testament (Will) Codicil Executor Intestacy Freedom of Disposition Probate The Strategic Advantages of Trusts Trusts Probate Avoidance: Strategic Aspects of Trusts Death Taxes The Uniform Codes and the Restatements Thinking Strategically Prince’s Vault Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 49.1 Eyerman v. Mercantile Trust Co., 524 S.W.2d 210 (Mo. Ct. App. 1975) CASE SUMMARY 49.2 Estate of Garrett, 94 A.2d 357 (Pa. 1953) CASE SUMMARY 49.3 Riggs v. Palmer, 115 N.Y. 506, N.Y. Court of Appeals (1889) CASE SUMMARY 49.4 North Carolina Department of Revenue v. The Kimberley Rice Kaestner 1992 Family Trust, 588 U.S. ___ (2019) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Chapter 50: Intellectual Property Introduction Chapter Overview The Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Intellectual Property Protecting Trade Secrets Trade Secret Requirements Infringement through Misappropriation Criminal Sanctions Exclusive Rights for Unlimited Duration Patents Patent Prosecution Types of Patents Patent Eligibility Standards Requirements for Design Patents Business Method Patents Trade Secret versus Patent Infringement Notice, Enforcement, and Remedies Copyrights Required Elements of a Work Rights Granted Registration and Notice Copyright Infringement Defenses to Infringement Claims Trademarks Trade Dress Classifications of Trademarks Acquiring Rights Applications and the USPTO First Amendment Concerns Maintaining the Mark Policing the Mark Trademark Infringement Trademark Dilution Thinking Strategically Responding to a Cease and Desist Letter Key Terms Case Summaries CASE SUMMARY 50.1 Harvey Barnett v. Shidler, 338 F.3d 1125 (10th Cir. 2003) CASE SUMMARY 50.2 In re Reed Elsevier, Inc., 2007 WL 1086403 (Fed. Cir. 2007) CASE SUMMARY 50.3 KSR International v. Teleflex, 550 U.S. 398 (2007) Chapter Review Questions Quick Quiz Answers Chapter Review Questions: Answers and Explanations Capstone Case Studies 1 Capstone Case Study 1 Overview and Objectives THE BLACK BEAR MICRO ROASTERY A CALL FROM GOLIATH Capstone Case Studies 2 Capstone Case Study 2 Overview and Objectives THE ODWALLA JUICE COMPANY’S ORIGINS “SOIL TO SOUL” CRISIS ON THE COAST FALLOUT ODWALLA TODAY Capstone Case Studies 3 Capstone Case Study 3 Overview and Objectives MCDONALD’S PROMOTIONAL GAMES McDONALD’S STRATEGY SIMON LAWSUIT AND COUNTERSUIT SETTLEMENTS AND AFTERMATH Appendix A: The Constitution of the United States of America The Constitution of the United States of America Appendix B: Uniform Commercial Code (Articles 1, 2, 2a and 3) Uniform Commercial Code (Articles 1, 2, 2a, and 3) Appendix C: Excerpts from the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Excerpts from the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Glossary Glossary Case Index case index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W Y Z Subject Index subject index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z Additional Student Resources Additional Student Resources Accessibility Content: Text Alternatives for Images Figure 1.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 1) Venn Diagram Depict Text Alternative (Chapter 2) What's Your Life Worth Text Alternative (Chapter 2) Figure 2.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 2) Figure 3.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 3) Figure 3.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 3) Figure 3.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 3) Figure 4.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 4) Figure 4.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 4) Figure 4.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 4) Figure 5.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 5) Figure 5.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 5) Figure 6.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 6) Figure 9.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 9) Figure 12.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 12) Figure 12.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 12) Figure 12.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 12) Figure 12.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 12) Figure 13.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 13) Figure 13.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 13) Figure 14.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 14) Figure 15.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 15) Pie Chart Depicting Text Alternative (Chapter 16) Figure 17.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 17) Figure 17.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 17) Power Sellers Text Alternative (Chapter 18) Figure 18.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 18) Airborne Text Alternative (Chapter 18) Figure 19.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 19) Figure 19.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 19) Fabulous Leather Creations Text Alternative (Chapter 19) Front and Back Sides Text Alternative (Chapter 20) Holder in Due Course Requirements Text Alternative (Chapter 20) Figure 21.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 21) Takeaway Concepts Text Alternative (Chapter 21) Figure 22.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 22) Figure 22.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 22) Figure 23.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 23) Figure 23.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 23) Figure 24.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 24) Takeaway Concepts Text Alternative (Chapter 24) Takeaway Concepts Regarding Collection Regarding Collection Text Alternative (Chapter 24) Figure 27.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 27) Figure 28.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 28) Figure 28.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 28) Figure 29.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 29) Figure 29.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 29) Figure 29.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 29) Figure 30.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 30) Figure 30.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 30) Takeaway Concepts Text Alternative (Chapter 30) Figure 31.6 Text Alternative (Chapter 31) Figure 31.7 Text Alternative (Chapter 31) Figure 32.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 32) Figure 36.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 36) Figure 36.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 36) Figure 36.5 Text Alternative (Chapter 36) Figure 38.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 38) Figure 38.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 38) Figure 38.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 38) Figure 39.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 39) Figure 40.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 40) Figure 41.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 41) Negligence Analysis Text Alternative (Chapter 42) Figure 43.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 43) Figure 43.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 43) Figure 43.3 Text Alternative (Chapter 43) The label from the Fair Text Alternative (Chapter 43) Figure 44.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 44) Criminal Law Text Alternative (Chapter 45) Figure 45.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 45) Thinking Strategically Text Alternative (Chapter 46) Figure 47.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 47) Figure 47.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 47) Figure 49.2 Text Alternative (Chapter 49) Figure 50.1 Text Alternative (Chapter 50) Figure 50.4 Text Alternative (Chapter 50)