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نویسندگان: A.C. Fernando
سری:
ISBN (شابک) : 9788131774342
ناشر: Pearson Education India
سال نشر: 2013
تعداد صفحات: 576
زبان: English
فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود)
حجم فایل: 59 مگابایت
در صورت تبدیل فایل کتاب Business Ethics: An Indian Perspective به فرمت های PDF، EPUB، AZW3، MOBI و یا DJVU می توانید به پشتیبان اطلاع دهید تا فایل مورد نظر را تبدیل نمایند.
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Cover Brief Contents Contents Preface to the second edition Preface About the Author Abbreviations Part One : Theories underlying the issues and problems of business ethics Chapter 1 : Business Ethics:An Overview Introduction Principles of Personal Ethics Principles of Professional Ethics What is Business Ethics? What is Not Business Ethics? Ethics is different from religion Ethics is not synonymous with law Ethical standards are different from cultural traits Ethics is different from feelings Ethics is not a science in the strictest sense of the term Ethics is not just a collection of values Code of Conduct and Ethics for Managers Evolution of Ethics Over the Years Importance and Need for Business Ethics Significance of Business Ethics Honesty, Integrity and Transparency are the Touchstones of Business Ethics Values and Ethics in Business Values, Ethics and Business Strategy Distinction between Values and Ethics Roots of Unethical Behaviour Why does Business have such a Negative Image? Why should Businesses Act Ethically? Ethical Decision-making How Corporations Observe Ethics in their Organizations? Changing Business Environment and Ethical Challenges Corporate Governance Ethics How Ethics can Make Corporate Governance More Meaningful Benefits from Managing Ethics in Workplace Attention to Business Ethics has Substantially Improved Society Ethical Practice has Contributed Towards High Productivity and Strong Team Work Changing Situations Require Ethical Education Ethical Practices Create Strong Public Image Strong Ethical Practices Act as an Insurance Characteristics of an Ethical Organization Recognizing Ethical Organizations On the Basis of Corporate Excellence In Relation to the Stakeholders In Relation to Corporate Governance Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study: Satyam Computer Services Limited Chapter 2: Concepts and Theories of Business Ethics Introduction Definitions of Ethics Personal Ethics and Business Ethics Morality and Law How are Moral Standards Formed? Religion and Morality Morality, Etiquette and Professional Codes Management and Ethics Normative Theories Ethical Theories in Relation to Business Egoism Psychological Egoism Utilitarianism: Ethics of Welfare Kantianism: Ethics of Duty Some more Normative Theories of Business Ethics The Stockholder Theory Stakeholder Theory The Social Contract Theory Teachings of the Church Rerum Novarum Gaudium Et Spes The Tradition of Catholic Social Thought Indian Ethical Traditions Gandhian Principles Righteousness as the Way in the Gita Business and Islam Shariah and Interest on capital Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study: Biocon—India’s Own Home-grown Biotech Company Chapter 3: Ethical Dilemmas, Sources and their Resolutions Introduction What is an Ethical Dilemma? How Ethical Dilemmas in Business Affect the Stakeholders? Corporate Dilemma Over Ethical Behaviour Sources of Ethical Problems Failure of Personal Character Conflict of Personal Values and Organizational Goals Organizational Goals Versus Social Values Personal Beliefs Versus Organizational Practices Production and Sale of Hazardous but Popular Products Other Ethical Challenges Why does Business have a Negative Image? Why Businesses Should Act Ethically? How Corporations Observe Ethics to Reduce Dilemmas? Code of Personal Ethics for Employees How to Create an Ethical Working Environment? How does a Company Establish Ethical Standards? Walton’s Six Models of Business Conduct How to Resolve an Ethical Problem? How to Resolve Ethical Dilemmas? Step 1: Analyse the Consequences Step 2: Analyse the Actions Step 3: Make a Decision Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study: HLL' s Folly: Mercury Spill in Kodaikanal Chapter 4: Ethical Decision-making in Business Introduction Ethical Models that Guide Decision Making Rights Theories Justice Theories Utilitarianism The Virtue Approach The Common Good Approach Which Approach to Use? Ethical Decision Making with Cross-holder Conflicts and Competition Applying Moral Philosophy to Ethical Decision Making Kohlberg's Model of Cognitive Moral Development The Stage of Punishment and Obedience The Stage of Individual Instrumental Purpose and Exchange The Stage of Mutual Interpersonal Expectations, Relationships and Conformity The Stage of Social System and Conscience Maintenance The Stage of Prior Rights, Social Contract or Utility The Stage of Universal Ethical Principles Influences on Ethical Decision Making Work Place Ethics Nature of Ethical Issues Personal Values and Ethical Decision Making Trustworthiness Respect Responsibility Fairness Caring Citizenship Corporate Values and Ethical Decision Making Role of Corporate Governance in Ensuring Ethics in the Workplace A Framework of Ethical Decision Making Take Choices Seriously Good Decisions are Both Ethical and Effective Discernment and Discipline The Process of Making Good Ethical Decisions Recognize and Identify the Kind of Ethical Issue you Need to Resolve Pause and Think Make Sure of your Goals Get your Facts Right Evaluate Choices From Different Ethical Perspectives Consider Consequences Make a Decision Act, Then Reflect on the Decision Later Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study: Global Trust Bank: the Bank that went Bust Chapter 5: Globalization and Business Ethics Introduction Growth of Global Corporations Factors Facilitating Globalization Doing Business in a Diverse World Role of Multinational Corporations Excessive Economic Clout Current Issues—Multinational Corporations International Business Issues Benefits of MNCs to the Host Nation Disadvantages of MNCs to the Host Country International Codes of Business Conduct The Limits of Voluntary Approach Caux Round Table: Principles for Business Challenges of Globalization in the Context of Growing Market Economies Public Awareness and Scrutiny Technological Challenges and Opportunities The Physical Environment The Social Environment Key Global Issues for Business Employment Dilemma Sustainable Practices and Values Trust, Honesty and Transparency Collaboration and Partnerships for Action Corporate Governance is a Prerequisite for Globalization Global Compact Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study: Sterlite: Using Money Clout to Maximum Advantage Chapter 6: Creating an Ethical Organization Introduction The Problem is not with corporations, but the People who run them Fat Pay did not Ensure Better Governance Fraudulent Accounting too Played its Destructive Role Independent Directors too did not help Reduce Malpractices Reasons for the Failure of Conventional Measures Suggestions to Improve Corporate Virtue Role of Corporate Governance The Role of Corporate Culture Role of Corporate Social Responsibility Other Influences in Creating an Ethical Organization Developing and Executing a Comprehensive Ethics Programme Codes of Conduct Ethics Committees Ethics Communication Systems Ethics Office/Officers Ethics Training Programmes Disciplinary System Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study: Wipro Limited: an Earnest Effort to Create an Ethical Organizations Part 2: How can Ethics be Applied in Day-to-Day Business? Chapter 7: Corporate Ethics: Good Governance What is Corporate Governance? Definitions of Corporate Governance Desiderata of Corporate Governance Rights of Shareholders Equitable Treatment of Shareholders Role of Stakeholders in Corporate Governance Disclosure and Transparency Responsibilities of the Board A Historical Perspective of Corporate Governance The Companies Amendment Act, 2000 Naresh Chandra Committee, 2002 Narayana Murthy Committee, 2003 DR J. J. Irani Committee Report on Company Law, 2005 Significance of Corporate Governance to Developing Countries Issues in Corporate Governance Distinguishing the Roles of Board and Management Composition of the Board and Related Issues Separation of the Roles of the CEO and Chairperson Should the Board have Committees? Appointments to the Board and Directors' Re-Election Directors' and Executives' Remuneration Disclosure and Audit Protection of Shareholder Rights and their Expectations Dialogue With Institutional Shareholders Making a Socially Responsible Corporate—investor's Role Major Thrust Areas of Corporate Governance Need for and Importance of Corporate Governance Governance and Corporate Performance Investors' Preference for Good Governance Significance of Corporate Governance to Developing Countries Strategies and Techniques Basic to Sound Corporate Governance Benefits to Society Benefits to Corporation Creation and Enhancement of a Corporation's Competitive Advantage Enabling a Corporation Perform Efficiently by Preventing Fraud and Malpractices Providing Protectionl to Shareholders' Interest Enhancing the Valuation of an Enterprise Ensuring Compliance of Laws and Regulations Contemporary Corporate Governance Situation Growing Awareness and Societal Responses Indian Model of Corporate Governance What Is 'Good' Corporate Governance? Obligation to Society Obligation to Investors Obligation to Employees Obligation to Customers Managerial Obligation Legislative Changes Introduction of Regulations Implementation of Recommendations of Birla Committee Report What is Clause 49? Provisions and Requirements of Clause 49 The Reserve Bank's and Other Regulations Self-regulation Pioneers in Good Governance Practices Industry Initiatives Corporate Initiatives Individual Initiatives Banks and Corporate Governance Transparency in the Private Sector Initiatives of the Department of Company Affairs Centre for Corporate Excellence Corporate Restructuring Best Practices Establishment of the Serious Fraud Office Establishment of the National Foundation of Corporate Governance Corporate Governance in India—a Performance Appraisal Performance Appraisal of Indian Corporations Future of Corporate Governance in India Impetus for the Growth of Corporate Governance in India Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study: Tata Steel—A Company that also makes Steel Chapter 8: Corporate Ethics: Investors' Rights, Privileges, Problems and Protection Introduction Ethical Governance Needed to Protect Stakeholders Theoretical Basis—Agency Costs Long-term Shareholder Value Rights of Shareholders Views of Various Committees on the Issue Working Group on the Companies Act Cii's Committee on Corporate Governance Kumar Mangalam Birla Committee Naresh Chandra Committee Narayana Murthy Committee Dr J. J. Irani Committee Report on Company Law, 2005 Poor Track Record of Shareholder Protection in India Guide for Investors/Shareholders Why is Investor Protection Needed? Definition of Investor Protection Relationship Between Investor Protection and Corporate Governance How do Insiders Steal Investors' Funds? Rights to Information and Other Rights Corporate Governance Through Legal Protection of Investors Impact of Investor Protection on Ownership and Control of Firms Impact of Investor Protection on the Development of Financial Markets Banks and Corporate Governance Investor Protection in India N. K. Mitra Committee on Investor Protection Problems of Investors In India Law Enforcement for Investor Protection Lacunae in Investor Protection SEBI's Poor Performance and Suggestions for Improvement Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study: On Insider Trading (HLL–BBLIL Merger) Chapter 9: Handmaid of Ethics: Corporate Social Responsibility Introduction Why Social Responsibility of Business? Accountability to Society Corporations' Debt to Society Definitions of CSR The Classical Economic Model The Socioeconomic Model Today's Corporate Social Responsibility CSR and the Stakeholder Implementation of CSR Theoretical Justification for CSR Trusteeship Model Social Entity Theory Pluralistic Model What are Corporations Expected to do? Private Sector Needs Goodwill of the Society Models for Implementation of CSR CSR as a Business Strategy for Sustainable Development Evaluation of CSR activity Why a Lukewarm Response to CSR in India? Advantages of CSR Scope of CSR Understanding Social Responsibility of Business Protecting and Promoting Stakeholders' Interests Promotion of Common Welfare Programmes Philanthropy Good Corporate Governance Render Social Service Abiding by Rules and Regulations Creation of Wealth Ensure Ecological Balance Focus on the Human Element Improve Productivity Sponsor Social and Charitable Causes Supplement State Efforts Steps to Attain CSR External Standards on CSR Prestigious Awards for CSR The Indian Perspective Reasons for Change in CSR Attitudes India on the Ethical/CSR Matrix Core-BCSD India Ethics and Social Responsibility of Business Business Ethics in India Today Why so much Corruption? The License Raj Black Money Social Responsibility and Indian Corporations—A Score Card Future of Indian CSR Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study: Dr Reddy's Laboratories: Commitment to All-round Corporate Excellence Chapter 10: Ethics of Consumer Protection Introduction Consumer—An Important Stakeholder Hidden Taxation on Society Stakeholder Alliance Consumer and Consumer Protection Parties to Consumer Protection History and Growth of Consumer Protection Ralph Nader's Contribution to Consumer Protection Consumer Protection, Why and How Consumer Duties and Responsibilities Consumer Protection: Indian Scenario Spate of Consumer-oriented Legislations How are Indian Consumers Exploited? Exorbitant Prices of Products and Services Deceptive Selling Practices False and Misleading Advertisements Defective Quality, Higher Prices Sale of Hazardous Products to Ignorant Consumers Suppression of Material Information False Product Differentiation Producers'/Sellers' Collusion Supply of Adulterated and Substandard Products Cheating Consumers by Giving Lesser Quantity for the Price Dishonoured Guarantees and Warranties Poor Redressal of Customers' Genuine Grievances Creating A Scare Out of Scarcity Making Consumer Buy Unwanted Goods Misleading Representation on Utility of Products Manipulating Conditions of Delivery Customers Pay for Numerous Intermediaries Fall in Prices—never Passed to Consumers Buying Unaffordable Goods Advertisement Cost Counterfeits Constitute Substantial Quantity of Goods in Store Shelves Hoarding And Black-Marketing Tie-in-Sales Gifts for Products/Services Consumer Protection in India Legal Protection to Consumers Consumer Protection Act, 1986 Eligibility to File a Claim Limitation and Appeals Appeals Consumer Protection (Amendment) Act, 2002 Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 What is Adulterated Food? Institutional Arrangements Under Copra Consumer Protection Councils Three-Tier Consumer Dispute Redressal System Quality Standards Standards of Weights and Measures Role and Initiatives of Voluntary Organizations Consumer Associations or Councils Consumer Cooperatives Coordination at the National Level Other Initiatives to Promote Consumer Protection National Awards Publicity Measures Customer Service Department of RBI Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Reading Case Study: Wockhardt Ltd—Divergence between Precepts and Practices Chapter 11: Environmental Ethics Introduction Environmental Concerns History of Environmentalism Environmental Philosophy Environmental Preservation: Role of Stakeholders Public Opinion Media Environmental Groups Corporations Goverment Future Outlook on Environment Partnerships International Issues Sustainable Development Costs and Benefits of Environmental Regulation Trade and the Environment Industrial Pollution India's Toxic Corridor Evidence of Pollutants Role of Corporations in Environmental Management Innovative Business Responses to Environmental Regulations Waste Management and Pollution Control Pollution Prevention Key Strategies for Industrial Pollution Prevention Improving Corporate Environmental Performance Need for a New Approach Environmental Audit Managing Environmental Issues Product Differentiation Managing Regulation Government Regulation Generating Cost Savings Redefining Markets Environmental Risk Management Environmental Management in India Charter for Voluntary Pollution Control Corporate India Gets Eco-friendly Private Sector Initiatives Public Sector Efforts India's Environment Policy Laws Governing Environment The National Environmental Policy, 2004 Environment and Economy—two Sides of the Same Coin Conservation of Life Supporting Systems Forest and Wildlife Conservation Forest Cover Biodiversity Conservation Concerns on Fresh Water Resources Deficiencies in the Draft Policy Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study-1: E-Waste: The Latest Contributor to Environmental Degradation Case Study-2: Tirupur—A Study on Its Environmental Degradation Chapter 12: Role of Various Agencies in Ensuring Ethics in Corporations Introduction Public Opinion Role of Auditors in Ensuring Business Ethics Role of Auditors Defining Audit Objectives of an Audit Defining Auditor Types of Auditors Duties of an Auditor Responsibilities of Auditors Audit Failures Leading to Corporate Scams The Enron Debacle Establishment of Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) Attempts to Prevent Fraudulent Auditing Practices Audit Committee Independence of Auditors Disclosures Penalties Role of Board of Directors in Ensuring Ethical Business Who is a Director? Independent Directors Family-Owned Businesses and Business Ethics Media and Business Ethics Corporate Advertising Harms of Using Advertisement as a Media Tool Corporate Ethics and the Press Selective Coverage and Media Credibility Ethics in Advertising Adverse Effects of Advertising Advertising Standards Role of Government Agencies in Ensuring Ethical Practices Role of the Judiciary Role of SEBI in Ensuring Ethical Corporate Governance Establishment of SEBI Basic Objectives of SEBI Powers of SEBI Some of the Initiatives of SEBI Clause 49 Ensures Corporate Governance Role of SEBI in Promoting an Orderly Securities Market Has Clause 49 Achieved its Objectives? Non-Compliance by Public Sector Enterprises Need to Improve Quality of Investigations Need for Severe Penalties for Serious Offences Need to Look into Other Issues Role of Whistle-Blowing Grounds for Whistle-Blowing Whistle-Blowing is not only Moral but also Obligatory When is Whistle-Blowing Permitted? Whistle-Blowing Why should a Business be Moral? Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study: Ketan Parekh Scam 200 Whistle-Blower Chapter 13: Ethics and Indian Business Impact of Globalization Role of Securities Market in Economic Growth Phenomenal Growth of Indian Capital Market Nature of the Indian Capital Market Development of the Indian Capital Market Legislative Measures Establishment of Development Banks and Expansion of the Public Sector Growth of Underwriting Business Public Confidence Increasing Awareness of Investment Opportunities Capital Market Reforms Deficiencies in the Indian Capital Market Major Indian Scams Can Unethical Behaviour be Avoided? Reasons for Unethical Practices Among Indian Corporations Business Ethics in India Today Corporations in India Cannot Afford to be Ethical Some Unethical Issues in India Bribery Corruption Black Money Coercion Insider Trading Tax Evasion Conflicts of Interest Pollution Why should Indian Business be Ethical? Studies on Ethical Attitudes of Managers Some Questionable Business Practices Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study: Demat Scam 2003–2005 Part 3: Functional Areas in Business Management Chapter 14: Marketing Ethics* Introduction Role of Marketing Positive Role of Marketing Negative Role of Marketing Voluntary Adherence to High Marketing Ethics Ethics Due to Market Compulsions Shift From Emphasis on Products to Process Defining Marketing Ethics Marketing Ethics as a Right or Wrong Action Ethics and Law Effect of Time Tacit and Explicit Codes of Ethics The Context of Indian Economy Normative Marketing Ethics Areas in Marketing Ethics Product Development Pricing Placing (Distribution) Promotions (Advertising) Other Promotional Activities (i.e., Excluding Advertising) Beyond the Four Ps Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Reading Case Study: The Cola Conundrum Chapter 15: Ethical issues in Human Resource Management* Introduction Definition Genesis and Growth of Human Resource Management Scope of Human Resource Management Different Aspects of Human Resource Management Different Functional Areas of HRM Emerging Challenges of HRM Changing Profile of HR Professionals HR-related Ethical Issues Discrimination Issues Suppression of Democratization in the Workplace Privacy Issues Safety and Health Performance Appraisals Role of HRM in Creating an Ethical Organization Institutional Culture Creating an Ethical Organization Human Resource Development in India Functions Human Development Index Summary Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Case Study-1: The Phaneesh Murthy Sexual Harassment Case Case Study-2: HMSI—Better Wages Cannot Suppress Workers' Demand for Their Rights Case Study-3: The HR Intervention at Rourkela Steel Plant: Involving People in Quality-driven Improvement Culture Chapter 16: IT Industry: An Overview and Ethical Perspective* Introduction Structure of IT–ITES Industry IT Services IT-Enabled Services Unique Characteristics of IT–ITES Industry Technology and the Medium of Operation IT Industry's Workforce IT Industry's Output Process: Information and Tools Ethical Perspective of IT–ITES Industry Information Security Intellectual Property Rights Work Culture and Environment Key Words Notes Further Readings Case Study-1: Mphasis Case: If Individuals do not Comply, Safeguards Achieve Little Case Study-2: Credit Card Data Fraud Case Study-3: Cyber Crimes—The Glitches Amidst the Glow* Chapter 17: Ethical Issues in Financial Management Introduction Financial Accounting Management Accounting Financial Management Role of Finance Manager Ethical Issues in Finance Ethical Issues in Financial Markets Ethical Issues in Financial Services Industry Frauds in Banks Types of Bank Frauds How to Avoid Phishing Scams/Attacks Measures Against Bank Frauds Prevention of Money Laundering ACT 2002 The Banking Ombudsman Scheme 2006 Constraints to Ethical Practices in Indian Nationalized Banks Tenure of CEOs Remuneration of CEOs Accountability and Autonomy How do other Countries who have Public Sector Units Manage Such Issues? Frauds in the Insurance Sector Possibilities of Fraud at Policy Proposal Stage Possibilities of Fraud During the Policy Contract Term Stage Fraud Possibilities at Claim Stage Frauds in Non-Life Insurance Sector Effect of Insurance Fraud Combating Insurance Fraud Ethical Issues Arising out of Activities oF Professional Players Mini Case 1: Xeroxing Corruption Mini Case 2: Foul Play by Soundcraft Industries' Promoter Mini Case 3: Tricking Investors for Personal Gain Mini Case 4: Dereliction of Duty by a CFO Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Further Readings Chapter 18: Whistle-Blowing Introduction Whistle-Blowing in PSEs Who is a Whistle-Blower? Types of Whistle-Blowing Internal to Internal Internal to External Extrinsic to External Whistle-Blowing is not Accepted by All Emerging Trends in Accepting Whistle-Blowing Why only a Few Act as Whistle-Blowers? Why is Whistle-Blowing a Significant Tool to Ensure Corporate Governance? Whistle-Blowing Promotes a Firm’s Competitive Advantage Whistle-Blowing is not only Moral but also an Obligation Whistle-Blowing Protection Law Guidelines for Whistle-Blowing 1. Magnitude of Consequences 2. Probability of Effect 3. Temporal Immediacy 4. Proximity Some Cases of Whistle-Blowing in India Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Case Study: Satyendra Dubey: A Patriotic but Unfortunate Whistle-Blower Chapter 19: Corruption in India What is Corruption? Indian Scenario How can the Government Prevent Corruption? The 2G Spectrum Scam Widespread Corruption in Corporate India: An MDRA Study Computerisation can help Combat Corruption Ill Effects of Corruption on Indian Economy Indirect Effects of Corruption on the Economy Corruption Perceptions Index Anti-Corruption Movement in India Key Words Discussion Questions Notes Appendix Glossary Bibliography Index