British Business in the Formative Years of European Integration, 1945-1973

Half-title......Page 2
Series-title......Page 3
Title......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Dedication......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
TABLES......Page 10
FIGURE......Page 11
Series Editors' Preface......Page 12
Acknowledgements......Page 14
Abbreviations......Page 16
1 Introduction......Page 18
HISTORIOGRAPHY......Page 19
BRITAIN AND EUROPE......Page 24
BUSINESS AND GOVERNMENT IN BRITAIN......Page 27
STRUCTURE OF THE BOOK......Page 30
PART I: ECONOMIC REALITIES......Page 32
2 Trade and Protection......Page 34
BRITAIN'S TRADING POSITION......Page 35
BRITAIN'S EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS......Page 44
PROTECTION OF BRITISH BUSINESS......Page 47
UNDERLYING COMPLEXITIES......Page 52
3 Overseas Investment, Corporate Strategy, and European Integration......Page 60
MULTINATIONALS AND EUROPEAN INTEGRATION......Page 62
BRITISH DIRECT INVESTMENT IN EUROPE......Page 64
OBSTACLES TO INVESTING IN EUROPE......Page 76
BECOMING EUROPEAN AND THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT......Page 81
A EUROPEAN CORPORATE STRATEGY......Page 84
CONCLUSION......Page 86
PART II: THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERCEPTIONS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION......Page 88
4 From 1945 to June 1955: The Marshall Plan and the European Coal and Steel Community......Page 90
THE EARLY POSTWAR YEARS......Page 92
A CUSTOMS UNION......Page 96
SECTORAL INTEGRATION......Page 99
CONCLUSION......Page 109
5 The Establishment of the Common Market and the Free Trade Area Proposals, 1955–1958......Page 111
THE VIEWS OF INDUSTRY......Page 113
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE VIEWS OF INDUSTRY......Page 123
THE BASIS FOR BUSINESS VIEWS......Page 130
CONCLUSION......Page 135
6 Creating EFTA, Applying to the EC and de Gaulle's Veto, 1958–1963......Page 137
THE CREATION OF EFTA......Page 139
BETWEEN EFTA AND THE EC......Page 146
THE PERIOD OF NEGOTIATIONS, 1961–1963......Page 154
CONCLUSION......Page 158
7 After de Gaulle's First Veto, the Second Application and the Second Veto, 1963–1968......Page 160
RESPONSE TO THE VETO......Page 162
RENEWED INTEREST IN EC MEMBERSHIP, 1965–1967......Page 165
BRITAIN AND EUROPE......Page 166
FOLLOWING UP ON BRITAIN AND EUROPE......Page 171
CONCLUSION......Page 182
8 The End Game: From the Hague Summit to British Accession, 1969–1973......Page 184
THE SECOND APPRAISAL......Page 185
EXPLAINING DEVELOPMENTS IN BUSINESS OPINION......Page 190
HEADING TOWARDS NEGOTIATIONS AND THE NEGOTIATIONS THEMSELVES......Page 193
PREPARING FOR UK ENTRY......Page 202
CONCLUSION......Page 205
PART III: EUROPEAN INTEGRATION AS MORE THAN TARIFFS......Page 208
9 Competition Policy......Page 210
RESTRICTIVE PRACTICES AND COMPETITION LAW IN POSTWAR EUROPE......Page 211
MARSHALL AID......Page 218
EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY......Page 219
THE TREATY OF ROME, THE FREE TRADE AREA, AND EFTA......Page 220
REGULATION 17......Page 225
THE POLICY IN PRACTICE......Page 231
CONCLUSION......Page 233
10 Indirect Taxation......Page 235
TAXATION IN THE EARLY POSTWAR YEARS......Page 236
THE CREATION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY AND THE FREE TRADE AREA PROPOSALS......Page 240
THE FIRST APPLICATION, 1961–1963......Page 242
THE RICHARDSON COMMITTEE......Page 245
THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1960s......Page 249
THE HAGUE SUMMIT TO 1973......Page 254
CONCLUSION......Page 256
11 Company Law and the European Company......Page 258
“EUROCHAMPIONS”......Page 259
THE RESPONSE OF BRITISH BUSINESS......Page 263
A CASE STUDY: THE DUNLOP-PIRELLI MERGER......Page 271
CONCLUSION......Page 274
Conclusion......Page 276
MAIN FINDINGS......Page 277
WIDER LESSONS......Page 281
Index......Page 286