Breastfeeding Management for the Clinician: Using the Evidence, Second Edition

Title......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 10
Part I The Context of Lacation and Breastfeeding......Page 12
Introduction......Page 14
Colostrum......Page 16
Clinical Implications: Allergy and Disease......Page 17
Nutritional Components......Page 25
Defense Agents......Page 52
Human Milk Fortification......Page 57
Milk Treatment and Storage......Page 59
Summary: The Design in Nature......Page 66
Appendix 1-1 Summary Interventions Based on the Biospecificity of Breastmilk......Page 80
Appendix 1-2 Human Milk Banks in North America......Page 83
Introduction......Page 86
Functional Anatomy of the Breast......Page 91
Breast Augmentation......Page 99
Breast Reduction......Page 102
Breast Anomalies......Page 105
Nipple Anomalies......Page 106
Hormones of Lactation......Page 107
Lactogenesis II......Page 117
Lactogenesis III......Page 124
The Newborn Stomach......Page 127
Summary: The Design in Nature......Page 132
Appendix 2-1 Summary Interventions Based on the Maternal Anatomy and Physiologyof Lactation......Page 142
Functional Infant Anatomy and Physiology Associated With Breastfeeding......Page 144
Putting It All Together......Page 178
Tools......Page 179
Summary: The Design in Nature......Page 196
Birth Interventions and Breastfeeding......Page 202
Maternity Care Practices and Breastfeeding......Page 207
Separation......Page 219
Crying......Page 221
Supplementation......Page 223
Summary: The Design in Nature......Page 252
Appendix 4-1 Summary Interventions Based on Peripartum Factors, Birthing Practices, and Early Caretaking Behaviors......Page 268
Part II Infant-Related Challenges to Breastfeeding......Page 272
Clinician Influence......Page 274
Positioning of the Mother......Page 276
Positioning of the Infant......Page 280
Latch......Page 285
Nipple Shields......Page 305
Reluctant Nurser......Page 308
Sleepy Infant......Page 309
Fussy Infant......Page 319
Problem of Hypoglycemia......Page 330
Summary: The Design in Nature......Page 345
Appendix 5-1 Summary Interventions on Shield Use......Page 356
Neonatal Jaundice......Page 358
Hypernatremic Dehydration......Page 374
Slow Weight Gain......Page 379
Breastfeeding Preterm Infants......Page 389
Breastfeeding Late Preterm Infants......Page 411
Summary: The Design in Nature......Page 418
Appendix 6-1 Summary Interventions on Slow Infant Weight Gain: Breastfeeding Techniques Useful in Slow Weight Gain Situations......Page 438
Twins and Higher Order Multiples......Page 442
Anomalies, Diseases, and Disorders That Can Affect Breastfeeding......Page 454
Syndromes and Congenital Anomalies......Page 475
Upper Airway Problems......Page 478
Gastrointestinal Disorders, Anomalies, and Conditions......Page 481
Metabolic Disorders......Page 494
Congenital Heart Disease......Page 500
Neurological Diseases, Deficits, Impairments, and Disorders......Page 504
Summary: The Design in Nature......Page 510
Part III Maternal-Related Challenges to Breastfeeding......Page 530
Nipple Types......Page 532
Sore Nipples......Page 537
Engorgement......Page 555
Plugged Ducts......Page 561
Mastitis......Page 562
Breast Abscess......Page 570
Additional Breast-Related Conditions......Page 572
Additional Reasons for Breast Pain......Page 575
Summary: The Design in Nature......Page 576
Appendix 8-1 Summary Questions for Breastfeeding Troubleshooting and Observation......Page 590
Physically Challenged Mothers......Page 592
Epilepsy......Page 595
Insufficient Milk Supply......Page 597
Hyperlactation......Page 604
Induced Lactation and Relactation......Page 607
Overweight and Obese Mothers......Page 608
Peripartum Mood, Depressive, and Anxiety Disorders......Page 612
Endocrine, Metabolic, and Autoimmune Conditions......Page 617
Maternal Employment......Page 643
Summary: The Design in Nature......Page 648
Index......Page 670