Brazilian Multinationals: Competences for Internationalization

Cover......Page 1
Frontmatter......Page 2
Contents......Page 8
List of figures......Page 13
List of tables......Page 15
List of boxes......Page 18
Acknowledgments......Page 20
Introduction......Page 22
Part I - Developing the analytical framework and contextualizing the phenomenon......Page 32
1.1 Those who go to sea prepare on land......Page 34
1.2 Globalization: the interconnected world......Page 36
1.3 Internationalization: the multinational as an agent of globalization......Page 45
1.4 The globalization and internationalization of emerging country enterprises......Page 52
2.1 Lenses, sieves, and molds in internationalization studies......Page 62
2.2 Organizational competences as a strategic resource of firms......Page 63
2.3 How local environments influence competence-based competition......Page 74
2.4 The analytical framework of the book......Page 81
3.1 Internationalizing under enticing conditions......Page 83
3.2 The earliest multinationals: from the nineteenth century up to the second world war......Page 84
3.3 The pioneering theories: economic reasons to internationalize......Page 88
3.4 Internationalization as a learning process: the Nordic school......Page 97
3.5 Were competences already there?......Page 101
4.1 New fleets sail into international waters......Page 103
4.2 The rise of Japanese multinationals......Page 105
4.3 The emergence of Korean multinationals......Page 119
4.4 The internationalization attempts of firms from third world countries......Page 124
4.5 Lessons learnt from successful internationalization in the 1980s......Page 128
5.1 Pioneering fleets reequip and change route in increasingly contested waters......Page 130
5.2 Productive globalization and organizational restructuring......Page 131
5.3 New international management models: the multinational as a network of competences......Page 141
5.4 Multinationals from emerging countries appear on the horizon......Page 151
Part II - Multinationals from Brazil and other emerging countries......Page 156
6.2 Brazil: from the colonial period to the second world war......Page 158
6.3 Hosting the early-movers aiming toward industrial development (1950--70)......Page 167
6.4 A poorly exploited opportunity: Brazil during the 1970s--80s world crisis......Page 174
6.5 Crisis, failures, and reaction......Page 183
7.1 Brazil adheres to global productive restructuring......Page 185
7.2 The transition from a closed to an open economy......Page 186
7.3 Establishing the roots of international competitiveness......Page 198
7.4 The evolution of Brazilian multinationals......Page 204
7.5 Strategies and competences for internationalization: the Brazilian experience......Page 225
7.6 Brazilian multinationals as networks of competences......Page 235
7.7 Toward a Brazilian model of international management?......Page 241
8.1 Picking up cases of outstanding performers......Page 247
8.2 Petrobras: the state-owned multinational......Page 249
8.3 Vale: privatized and competing for global leadership......Page 257
8.4 Embraer: innovating in the aircraft industry......Page 264
8.5 JBS-Friboi: from butcher\'s shop to world\'s largest producer in fifty years......Page 272
8.6 The Votorantim Group: a multinational based on natural resources......Page 276
8.7 Gerdau: a pioneer and one of the most internationalized Brazilian multinationals......Page 280
8.8 Braskem: producing petrochemicals in Latin America......Page 284
8.9 AmBev: at the world\'s largest brewery driver\'s seat......Page 288
8.10 Tigre: an example of regional internationalization......Page 292
8.11 WEG: expanding horizontally and moving up the value chain......Page 294
8.12 Marcopolo: a local optimizer operating in every emerging country......Page 295
8.13 Romi: the only Brazilian capital goods producer remaining......Page 298
8.14 Odebrecht Engineering: among the world\'s top twenty......Page 302
8.15 Stefanini: a case of internationalization of a software producer......Page 307
8.16 Bematech: a case of internationalization of a hardware producer......Page 310
8.17 IBOPE: developing specialized services for the Latin Americans......Page 312
8.18 CI&T and Griaule: born globals in creative industries......Page 315
8.19 Closing remarks......Page 319
9.1 The multinationals from Latin America......Page 322
9.2 What Latin America is: diversity nurtured from common roots......Page 323
9.3 The economic development of Latin America......Page 324
9.4 Productive restructuring and opening up to international markets......Page 327
9.5 Multilatinas: patterns and features......Page 330
9.6 Sources of international competitiveness: are there common patterns?......Page 338
9.7 Argentinean multinationals......Page 339
9.8 Chilean multinationals......Page 346
9.9 Mexican multinationals......Page 351
9.10 Can Latin America compete?......Page 358
10.1 The new global players......Page 361
10.2 Snapshots of recent economic development in Asia......Page 362
10.3 The internationalization of Chinese firms......Page 371
10.4 The internationalization of Indian firms......Page 387
10.5 The internationalization of Russian firms......Page 402
10.6 The internationalization of South African firms......Page 407
10.7 Diversity within the BRICS......Page 411
11 - The long journey of emerging country multinationals......Page 415
11.1 Our journey in this book......Page 416
11.2 The limits of the wave metaphor: dynamic interaction instead of sequential initiatives......Page 419
11.3 Incumbents and emerging country multinationals compete in different lanes......Page 420
11.4 Emerging country multinationals: integrating different approaches......Page 424
11.5 The challenge of the development of international management models......Page 426
11.6 Poseidon, the crisis, and the sustainability of internationalization......Page 427
References......Page 431
Index......Page 449