Born free and equal? : a philosophical inquiry into the nature of discrimination

Content: Introduction 
 1. The questions 
 2. The approach 
 3. Overview of the book 
 Part I: The concept of discrimination 
 Chapter 1: What is discrimination? 
 1. Introduction 
 2. Discrimination in the generic sense 
 3. Irrelevance discrimination 
 4. The moralized concept of discrimination 
 5. Group discrimination 
 6. Social salience 
 7. Because 
 8. Treatment 
 9. Summary 
 Appendix 1: Methodology 
 Appendix 2: Discrimination skeptics: Oppression and dominance 
 Chapter 2: Indirect discrimination 
 1. The distinction between direct and indirect discrimination 
 2. Altman's definition 
 3. The no-intention condition 
 4. The disadvantage condition 
 5. The disproportionateness condition 
 6. Sufficient for indirect discrimination? 
 7. Direct vs. indirect discrimination 
 8. Conclusion 
 Appendix 1: Some other definitions of indirect discrimination 
 Appendix 2: Institutional and structural discrimination 
 Chapter 3: Statistical discrimination 
 1. Introduction 
 2. Statistical discrimination vs. non-statistical discrimination 
 3. Direct vs. indirect, statistical discrimination 
 4. What statistical discrimination is not 
 5. Conclusion 
 Appendix: Genetic discrimination and social salience 
 Part II: The wrongness of discrimination 
 Chapter 4: Mental state based accounts 
 1. Introduction 
 2. Some common accounts 
 3. Mental states and permissibility 
 4. Different mental state accounts 
 5. Alexander on disrespect and discrimination: The falsehood account 
 6. Alexander on disrespect and discrimination: The comparative falsehood account 
 7. Alexander on disrespect and discrimination: The irrational, comparative falsehood account 
 8. Conclusion 
 Chapter 5: Objective meaning accounts 
 1. Introduction 
 2. Hellman's account: Demeaning others 
 3. Some challenges to Hellman's account 
 4. Scanlon on racial discrimination and the meaning of actions 
 5. An important ambiguity 
 6. Some worries about Scanlon's account 
 7. The moral distinctiveness of discrimination based on judgments of inferiority 
 8. Conclusion 
 Chapter 6: Harm-based accounts 
 1. Introduction 
 2. The essentials of the harm-based account 
 3. The baseline issue 
 4. The metric of harm 
 5. Some challenges to the harm-based account 
 6. A desert-prioritarian account 
 7. Some objections 
 8. A test case: Moral wrongness of indirect discrimination 
 9. Conclusion 
 Appendix: Moreau on deliberative freedom and discrimination 
 Part III: Neutralizing discrimination 
 Chapter 7: Discrimination and the aim of proportional representation 
 1. Introduction 
 2. The Simple View and ambition-sensitivity 
 3. The Counterfactual, Holistic View 
 4. Which counterfactual scenario? 
 5. Is absence of discrimination necessary for suitable representation? 
 6. Second-best representational aims 
 7. Conclusion 
 Chapter 8: Discrimination in punishment 
 1. Introduction 
 2. Loci of legal discrimination 
 3. Criteria vs. indicators of discrimination 
 4. The pure discrimination case 
 5. The no-complaint argument 
 6. Conclusion 
 Chapter 9: Reaction qualifications 
 1. Introduction 
 2. Discounting qualifications based on illegitimate preferences 
 3. Refining meritocracy 
 4.  Illegitimate preferences not disadvantaging targeted groups 
 5. Respect and reaction qualifications 
 6. Conclusion 
 Chapter 10: Discrimination in the private sphere 
 1. Introduction 
 2.  A legal duty to engage in wrongful private discrimination 
 3. A legal right to engage in wrongful private discrimination 
 4. A legal duty not to engage in wrongful private discrimination 
 5. A legal duty or permission to engage in private discrimination that is not wrongful 
 6. A legal duty not to engage in private discrimination that is not wrongful 
 7. Conclusion 
 Chapter 11: Racial profiling 
 1. Introduction 
 2. A right to be treated as an individual 
 3. Unequal treatment 
 4. Unfairness 
 5. The making of statistical facts and the justifiability of statistical discrimination 
 6. Putting the argument to the interpersonal test 
 7. Non-comprehensively justified? 
 8. Challenges 
 9. Conclusion 
 Bibliography 
 Index