Bodzia: A Late Viking-Age Elite Cemetery in Central Poland

List of Illustrations...ix
List of Tables...xxvii
List of Contributors ...xxix

Looking Towards Bodzia: An Introduction...1
Andrzej Buko

Part 1: The Area of the Middle and Lower Vistula River Valley between the 10th–11th Centuries: Archaeology and History
1 The Archaeological Context of the Bodzia Cemetery and the Trade Route along the Middle and the Lower Vistula during the Middle and Late Viking Period...9
Mateusz Bogucki
2 The Historical Context of the Discoveries at Bodzia...34
Roman Michałowski


Part 2: The Bodzia Cemetery: Site Location, Environmental Data, Graves and their Contents
3 Bodzia: Site Location and History of Research...47
Iwona Sobkowiak-Tabaka
4 The Effect of Depositional and Post-Depositional Processes on the Preservation of Skeletal Remains in the Bodzia Cemetery...54
Iwona Hildebrandt-Radke
5 The Inventory of the Burials and their Contents...63
Iwona Sobkowiak-Tabaka
Appendix: Wood and Plant Macro-remains Analysis...139
Joanna Koszałka
6 Analysis of the Skeletal Population from the Cemetery of Bodzia...143
Alicja Drozd-Lipińska and Tomasz Kozłowski

Part 3: Grave Goods and their Context
7 Overview of the Finds from the Bodzia Cemetery...163
Andrzej Buko
8 Merchants’ Implements (the Folding Balance)...166
Michał Kara
9 Weapons...177
Michał Kara
Appendix: Metallographic Analyses of Selected Finds from a Young Warrior’s Grave (E864/I)...197
Zdzisław Hensel
10 Status and Magic. Ornaments Used by the Bodzia Elites...202
Władysław Duczko
11 Glass Beads...222
Maria Dekówna and Tomasz Purowski
12 Iron Artifacts...262
Tomasz Sawicki
13 Costume Elements of Leather...272
Anna B. Kowalska
14 Ceramic and Wooden Containers...288
Kinga Zamelska-Monczak
15 Objects Made of Antler and Stone...304
Kinga Zamelska-Monczak
16 The Obol of the Dead...313
Stanisław Suchodolski

Part 4: Funeral Rites
17 Description of the Cemetery, Organization of the Burial Space, the Burial Rites in the Light of the Cultural and Historical Determinants...343
Michał Kara
18 Tentative Reconstruction of Coffins...412
Tomasz Sawicki
19 Symbolic Aspects of the Remains of Wood from the Cemetery...421
Joanna Koszałka

Part 5: Chronology of the Cemetery
20 Chronology of the Cemetery...427
Andrzej Buko and Michał Kara
Appendix 1: AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Samples from the Cemetery at Bodzia...438
Tomasz Goslar
Appendix 2: Radiometric Radiocarbon Dating of Samples from the Cemetery at Bodzia...442
Marek Krąpiec

Part 6: Locals or Aliens?
21 Isotopic Proveniencing of the Bodzia Burials...447
T. Douglas Price and Karin Margarita Frei
22 Genetic Analysis of Selected Graves from the Cemetery...465
Wiesław Bogdanowicz, Tomasz Grzybowski and Magdalena M. Buś

Part 7: European Contexts of the Bodzia Cemetery
23 The Cemetery at Bodzia in a Broader European Context...481
Michael Müller-Wille
24 The Cemetery at Bodzia in the Context of the Funerary Practices in the Polish Lands in the Late 10th–11th Century...513
Michał Kara

Part 8: The Bodzia Cemetery in Light of the Interdisciplinary Research
25 The Bodzia Cemetery in Light of the Interdisciplinary Research...525
Andrzej Buko

Bibliography...557
Index...602