BNF for Children 2009 (British National Formulary for Children)

Medicines information services......Page 2
Contents
......Page 5
Preface......Page 6
Acknowledgements......Page 7
Paediatric Formulary Committee 2008–2009......Page 8
Nurse Prescribers’ Advisory Group 2008–2009......Page 9
How BNF for Children is constructed......Page 10
How to use BNF for children......Page 13
Changes for this edition......Page 16
Name changes......Page 19
General guidance......Page 20
Prescription writing......Page 24
Supply of medicines......Page 26
Emergency supply of medicines......Page 28
Drug treatment in children......Page 30
Prescribing in hepatic impairment......Page 31
Prescribing in renal impairment......Page 32
Prescribing in pregnancy......Page 34
Prescribing in breast-feeding......Page 35
Prescribing Controlled Drugs......Page 36
Adverse reactions to drugs......Page 40
Prescribing in palliative care......Page 43
Prescribing in dental practice......Page 50
Drugs and sport......Page 51
Emergency treatment of poisoning......Page 52
1 Gastro-intestinal system......Page 68
1.1 Dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease......Page 69
1.2 Antispasmodics and other drugs altering gut motility......Page 73
1.3 Antisecretory drugs and mucosal protectants......Page 77
1.4 Acute diarrhoea......Page 83
1.5 Chronic bowel disorders......Page 85
1.6 Laxatives......Page 96
1.7 Local preparations for anal and rectal disorders......Page 106
1.8 Stoma and enteral feeding tubes......Page 109
1.9 Drugs affecting intestinal secretions......Page 110
2 Cardiovascular system......Page 115
2.1 Positive inotropic drugs......Page 116
2.2 Diuretics......Page 119
2.3 Anti-arrhythmic drugs......Page 126
2.4 Beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs......Page 132
2.5 Hypertension......Page 138
2.6 Nitrates, calcium-channel blockers, and other antianginal drugs......Page 154
2.7 Sympathomimetics......Page 161
2.8 Anticoagulants and protamine......Page 166
2.9 Antiplatelet drugs......Page 173
2.10 Myocardial infarction and firinolysis......Page 175
2.11 Antifibinolytic drugs and haemostatics......Page 177
2.12 Lipid-regulating drugs......Page 178
2.14 Drugs affecting the ductus arteriosus......Page 183
3 Respiratory system......Page 186
3.1 Bronchodilators......Page 187
3.2 Corticosteroids......Page 203
3.3 Cromoglicate and related therapy and leukotriene receptor antagonists......Page 208
3.4 Antihistamines, immunotherapy, and allergic emergencies......Page 210
3.5 Respiratory stimulants and pulmonary surfactants......Page 221
3.6 Oxygen......Page 223
3.7 Mucolytics......Page 225
3.9 Cough preparations......Page 227
3.10 Systemic nasal decongestants......Page 229
4.1 Hypnotics and anxiolytics......Page 230
4.2 Drugs used in psychoses and related disorders......Page 234
4.3 Antidepressant drugs......Page 247
4.4 CNS stimulants and other drugs for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder......Page 253
4.6 Drugs used in nausea and vertigo......Page 256
4.7 Analgesics......Page 264
4.8 Antiepileptics......Page 283
4.9 Drugs used in dystonias and related disorders......Page 307
4.10 Drugs used in substance dependence......Page 310
4.11 Drugs for dementia......Page 313
5 Infections......Page 314
5.1 Antibacterial drugs......Page 315
5.2 Antifungal drugs......Page 380
5.3 Antiviral drugs......Page 391
5.4 Antiprotozoal drugs......Page 413
5.5 Anthelmintics......Page 432
6 Endocrine system......Page 436
6.1 Drugs used in diabetes......Page 437
6.2 Thyroid and antithyroid drugs......Page 457
6.3 Corticosteroids......Page 461
6.4 Sex hormones......Page 472
6.5 Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones......Page 478
6.6 Drugs affecting bone metabolism......Page 486
6.7 Other endocrine drugs......Page 489
7.2 Treatment of vaginal and vulval conditions......Page 491
7.3 Contraceptives......Page 494
7.4 Drugs for genito-urinary disorders......Page 510
8.1 Cytotoxic drugs......Page 515
8.2 Drugs affecting the immune response......Page 536
8.3 Sex hormones and hormone antagonists in malignant disease......Page 546
9.1 Anaemias and some other blood disorders......Page 547
9.2 Fluids and electrolytes......Page 565
9.3 Intravenous nutrition......Page 577
9.4 Oral nutrition......Page 580
9.5 Minerals......Page 584
9.6 Vitamins......Page 593
9.7 Bitters and tonics......Page 604
9.8 Metabolic disorders......Page 605
10.1 Drugs used in rheumatic diseases......Page 618
10.2 Drugs used in neuromuscular disorders......Page 633
10.3 Drugs for the relief of soft-tissue inflammation......Page 637
11.1 Administration of drugs to the eye......Page 639
11.3 Anti-infective eye preparations......Page 640
11.4 Corticosteroids and other anti-inflamatory preparations......Page 644
11.5 Mydriatics and cycloplegics......Page 648
11.6 Treatment of glaucoma......Page 649
11.7 Local anaesthetics......Page 654
11.8 Miscellaneous ophthalmic preparations......Page 655
11.9 Contact lenses......Page 659
12.1 Drugs acting on the ear......Page 661
12.2 Drugs acting on the nose......Page 666
12.3 Drugs acting on the oropharynx......Page 673
13 Skin......Page 682
13.1 Management of skin conditions......Page 683
13.2 Emollient and barrier preparations......Page 684
13.3 Topical antipruritics......Page 690
13.4 Topical corticosteroids......Page 691
13.5 Preparations for eczema and psoriasis......Page 700
13.6 Acne and rosacea......Page 711
13.7 Preparations for warts and calluses......Page 719
13.8 Sunscreens and camouflaers......Page 722
13.9 Shampoos and other preparations for scalp conditions......Page 724
13.10 Anti-infective skin preparations......Page 726
13.11 Skin cleansers and antiseptics......Page 738
13.12 Antiperspirants......Page 742
13.13 Topical circulatory preparations......Page 743
14.1 Active immunity......Page 744
14.3 Storage and use......Page 748
14.4 Vaccines and antisera......Page 749
14.5 Immunoglobulins......Page 773
14.6 International travel......Page 777
15.1 General anaesthesia......Page 780
15.2 Local anaesthesia......Page 805
Appendix 1 Interactions......Page 812
Appendix 2 Borderline substances......Page 897
Appendix 2.1 Enteral feeds (non-disease specific)......Page 898
Appendix 2.2 Nutritional supplements (non-disease specific)......Page 909
Appendix 2.3 Specialised formulas......Page 915
Appendix 2.4 Feed supplements......Page 923
Appendix 2.5 Feed additives......Page 928
Appendix 2.6 Foods for special diets......Page 929
Appendix 2.7 Nutritional supplements for metabolic diseases......Page 931
Appendix 3 Cautionary and advisory labels for dispensed medicines......Page 937
Appendix 4 Intravenous infusions for neonatal intensive care......Page 940
Dental Practitioners’ Formulary......Page 943
Nurse Prescribers’ Formulary......Page 944
Non-medical prescribing......Page 947
Index of manufacturers......Page 948
Special-order Manufacturers......Page 962
Index......Page 964
Yellow card......Page 994
Newborn Life Support......Page 996
Paediatric Basic Life Support......Page 997
Paediatric Advanced Life Support......Page 998
Body Surface Area in Children......Page 999
Medical emergencies in the community......Page 1001
Recommended wording of cautionary and advisory labels......Page 1004
Prescribing for children......Page 1002
E numbers......Page 1005