Blockchain Tethered AI: Trackable, Traceable Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Cover
Copyright
Table of Contents
Preface
	Why Does AI Need to Be Tethered?
	What You Will Learn
	Why We Wrote This Book
	A Note to Future Generations
	Summary
	Conventions Used in This Book
	Using Code Examples
	O’Reilly Online Learning
	How to Contact Us
	Acknowledgements
Chapter 1. Why Build a Blockchain Truth Machine for AI?
	Dissecting AI’s Trust Deficit
	Machine Learning Concerns
		Opaque Box Algorithms
		Genetic Algorithms
		Data Quality, Outliers, and Edge Cases
		Supervised Versus Unsupervised ML
		Reinforcement Learning and Deep Learning
		Program Synthesis
		Superintelligent Agents
		Technological Singularity
	Attacks and Failures
		Model/Data Drift
		Adversarial Data Attacks
		Risk and Liability
	Blockchain as an AI Tether
		Enterprise Blockchain
		Distributed, Linked Blocks
		Trust and Transparency
		Defining Your Use Case
		Audit Trail
		Local Memory Bank
		Shared Memory Bank
		Four Controls
		Case Study: Oracle AIoT and Blockchain
	What’s Next?
Chapter 2. Blockchain Controls for AI
	Four Blockchain Controls
	Blockchain Control 1: Pre-establishing Identity and Workflow Criteria for People and Systems
		Establishing Identity
		Predetermining Workflow Among Participants
	Blockchain Control 2: Distributing Tamper-Evident Verification
		Using Crypto Anchors to Verify Data Sets, Models, and Pipelines
		Using Blockchain to Detect Common AI Hacks
		Understanding Federated Learning and Blockchain
		Understanding Model Marketplaces
	Blockchain Control 3: Governing, Instructing, and Inhibiting Intelligent Agents
		Establishing a Governance Group
		Implementing On-Chain Governance
		Developing Compliant Intelligent Agents
	Blockchain Control 4: Showing Authenticity Through User-Viewable Provenance
		Deciding Whether to Trust AI
	Summary
Chapter 3. User Interfaces
	Design Thinking
		Web Interfaces
		Blockchain Tethered AI User Interfaces
		BTA User Mockups
		Functionality
		Traceability and Transparency
		Smartphone and Tablet Apps
		Email and Text Notifications
		Spreadsheets
	Third-Party Systems
		Working with APIs
		Integrated Hardware
		Third-Party Services and Tools
	System Security
		AI Security
		Database Security
		Blockchain Security
		Additional Security
	Summary
Chapter 4. Planning Your BTA
	BTA Architecture
	Sample Model
		AI Factsheet: Traffic Signs Detection Model
		How the Model Works
	Tethering the Model
	Subscribing
	Controlling Access
		Organization Units
		Staffings
		Users
	Analyzing the Use Case
		Participants
		Assets
		Transactions
		Smart Contracts
		Audit Trail
	Summary
Chapter 5. Running Your Model
	Exercise: Oracle Cloud Setup
		Creating a Cloud Provider Account
		Creating a Compartment
		Creating a Bucket
		Creating a Pre-authenticated Request
		Creating Oracle Groups
		Creating IDCS Groups
		Mapping Oracle Groups
		Creating a Policy
		Generating a Secret Key
	Exercise: Building and Training a Model
		Exploring the Model Repository
		Installing Python and PyTorch
		Starting the Notebook
		Configuring Boto3
		Running Your Notebook
		Checking the Bucket
	Optimizing Hyperparameters
		Learning Rate for Training a Neural Network
		Number of Training Epochs Used
		Size of the Training Batches
		Size of the Hidden Layers
	Understanding Metrics
		Accuracy
		Loss
		Precision
		Recall
		F1 Score
	Summary
Chapter 6. Instantiating Your Blockchain
	Exercise: Setting Up Hyperledger Fabric
		Installing Node.js, npm, and NestJS
		Understanding Hyperledger Fabric 2.0 Required Nodes
		Installing, Configuring, and Launching the Blockchain
	Creating and Joining Channels
		Creating Channels
		Joining Channels
		Configuring Anchor Peers
	Using Chaincodes
		Understanding Response Struct
		Using GetTxDateTime
		Project (project)
		Model Version (model-version)
		Model Review (model-review)
		Model Artifact (model-artifact)
		Model Experiment (model-experiment)
	Setting Up the Blockchain Connector
	Creating Multiple Blockchain Connectors
	Setting Up the Oracle Connector
		Configuring Your env File with Your OCI Variables
		Starting the Oracle Connector
	More About Integrating Blockchain and the Application Layer
		Blockchain Connector
		query
		OC User Service
		OC Group
	Summary
Chapter 7. Preparing Your BTA
	Exercise: Installing and Launching Your BTA
		Installing the BTA Backend
		Understanding Your BTA Backend’s env File
		Understanding Your environment.ts File
		Launching the BTA Frontend
	Exercise: Creating Users and Permissions
		Using MailCatcher
		Configuring the Super Admin
		Creating a New Subscription Account in Your BTA
		Configuring Organization Admin’s Node
		Configuring Organization Admin’s Channel
		Verifying the Subscription
		Activating Your Organization Admin
		Configuring Access for Your AI Team
	Summary
Chapter 8. Using Your BTA
	Exercise: Recording Critical AI Touchpoints to Blockchain
		Adding a New Project
		Adding a New Version
		Understanding How Training and Testing Data Use Blockchain
		Understanding How Models and Algorithms Use Blockchain
		Understanding How Inputs and Outputs Use Blockchain
		Understanding How Performance Metrics Use Blockchain
		Understanding How New Model Versions Use Blockchain
		Understanding How the Uploads Work
		Reviewing and Approving the Model
		Adding AI’s Purpose and Intended Domain
	Exercise: Auditing Your BTA
		Tracking Your Model’s Training and Test Data Sets
		Tracing Your Inputs and Outputs
		Verifying Performance Metrics
		Tracing Identity of People and AI Systems
		Tracking and Tracing Model Development
		Identifying Tampering
		Reversing Your Blockchain Tethered Model
		Checking the Training Data Sets
		Checking the Algorithms
		Retraining the Model
	Summary
Index
About the Authors
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