Blockchain Technology in Corporate Governance: Transforming Business and Industries

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgment
Chapter 1 Role of Blockchain Technology in the Modern Era
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 What is Blockchain Technology?
	1.3 Blockchain Technology in Healthcare 4.0
		1.3.1 Area of Blockchain Technology-Based Healthcare 4.0
		1.3.2 Smart Blockchain Healthcare 4.0
	1.4 Energy Sector
	1.5 Applications of Blockchain in the Energy Sector
		1.5.1 Decentralized Storage and Control in Power Grid
		1.5.2 Electricity Trading Law
		1.5.3 Electric Vehicles
		1.5.4 Decrease the Global Carbon Emission
	1.6 Blockchain-Based Financial Sector
		1.6.1 Legal Policies of the Financial Sector
		1.6.2 Credit Risk
		1.6.3 KYC and Product Personalization
		1.6.4 Insurance Monetary Management
		1.6.5 Collaborative Techniques in Financial Services Chain
	1.7 Bitcoins and Blockchain Sustainability Issues
	1.8 Conclusion
	References
Part 1: Blockchain: Opportunities for Healthcare 4.0
	Chapter 2 BTCG4: Blockchain Technology in Electronic Healthcare Systems
		2.1 Introduction
			2.1.1 Healthcare Industry
			2.1.2 Requirement of Electronic Healthcare Industry
				2.1.2.1 System Security
				2.1.2.2 Interoperability
				2.1.2.3 Sharing of Information
				2.1.2.4 Mobility
				2.1.2.5 Mobile Health
				2.1.2.6 Wireless
				2.1.2.7 Internet of Things
		2.2 Overview of Blockchain
			2.2.1 Distinct Characteristics of the Use of Blockchain in the Electronic Healthcare Industry
				2.2.1.1 Decentralization of Storage
				2.2.1.2 Authentication
				2.2.1.3 Immutability
				2.2.1.4 Improvement in Security
				2.2.1.5 Efficiency
				2.2.1.6 Distributed Ledger
		2.3 Blockchain Applications
			2.3.1.1 Smart Contracts
			2.3.1.2 Spotting and Preventing Fraudulent Activity
			2.3.1.3 Authentication of the User’s Identity
		2.4 Challenges Associated with Blockchain Technology
			2.4.1 Unavailability of Uniformity
			2.4.2 Decentralization of Storage and Leakage of Privacy
			2.4.3 Handling of Critical Information
			2.4.4 Scalability and Internet of Things Overhead
			2.4.5 Vulnerabilities Specific to Blockchain Technology
			2.4.6 General Vulnerabilities in Software
		2.5 Opportunities of Blockchain in the Healthcare Industry
			2.5.1 The Gem Health Network Facilitates the Exchange of Healthcare Data
			2.5.2 MDREC
			2.5.3 System of Pervasive Social Network
			2.5.4 Virtual Resources
			2.5.5 Data Recording for Body-Worn Sensing Devices Based on Context
			2.5.6 MeDShare
			2.5.7 Blockchain-Based Clinical and Precise Platform Trials
			2.5.8 Access to Health-Related Information
		2.6 Concluding Remarks
		References
	Chapter 3 Blockchain Technology and Healthcare: Towards Combating COVID-19
		3.1 Introduction
			3.1.1 Blockchain Technology in Healthcare
			3.1.2 Features of Blockchain Technology
			3.1.3 Applications of Blockchain in Healthcare
			3.1.4 Data Management
			3.1.5 Electronic Health Record
			3.1.6 Claims and Billing Management
			3.1.7 Pandemic Data Tracking
			3.1.8 Tracking PPE
			3.1.9 Vaccine Monitoring
			3.1.10 Future Vaccination
			3.1.11 Digital Contact Tracing
			3.1.12 Prescription Management
		3.2 Combating COVID-19
			3.2.1 Handling Fake Infodemic Using MiPasa Platform
			3.2.2 VIRI Platform Preventing Spread
			3.2.3 WIShelter for Data Privacy
		3.3 Reviving Capabilities
			3.3.1 Blockchain in Healthcare – Global Scenario
			3.3.2 Blockchain in Healthcare – Indian Scenario
			3.4 Challenges in Adopting Blockchain in Healthcare
		3.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 4 Blockchain-Based Energy-Efficient Heterogeneous Sensor Networks in Healthcare System
		4.1 Introduction
		4.2 Related Work
			4.2.1 Literature Gap
			4.2.2 Fuzzy Improved Model (Improved Model Fuzzy)
		4.3 Proposed Energy Protocol with Blockchain
		4.4 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 5 Development of a Safe Health Framework Using a Temporary Blockchain Technique
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 Related Work
			5.2.1 Blockchain-Based Healthcare Organization
			5.2.2 Medrek
			5.2.3 Stratum
			5.2.4 Factor
			5.2.5 Pocketbook
			5.2.6 Tyrion
			5.2.7 Roomed
		5.3 Secure Framework (Sefira) for Healthcare System
			5.3.1 Progressive Temporal Blockchain
			5.3.2 Temporal Shadow
				5.3.2.1 Context-Based Merkle Tree (CBMT)
				5.3.2.2 Temporal Hash Signature (THS)
				5.3.2.3 Context-Based Access Control (CBAC) in Smart Contract
				5.3.2.4 Layered Architecture of SeFra
		5.4 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 6 Data Consistency, Transparency, and Privacy in Healthcare Systems Using Blockchain Technology
		6.1 Introduction
		6.2 The Cutting Edge in Genomics
			6.2.1 Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)
			6.2.2 EDGE Bioinformatics
			6.2.3 Pharmacogenetics and Personalized Medicine
			6.2.4 Prenatal Diagnosis
			6.2.5 Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases
			6.2.6 Gene Therapy and Genome Editing
			6.2.7 Genomics with Blockchain Technology
		6.3 Medical Records
			6.3.1 Blockchain Architecture – Components and Types
			6.3.2 Blockchain Benefits in Healthcare Records Maintenance
			6.3.3 Brief Overview on the Blockchain-Enabled Patient Healthcare Record Management Process
				6.3.3.1 Data Generation
				6.3.3.2 Data Cleaning and Enrichment
				6.3.3.3 Data Capturing
				6.3.3.4 Data Consumption
				6.3.3.5 Data Mining
		6.4 Supply Chain Management
			6.4.1 Pharmaceutical Applications
			6.4.2 Medical Devices and Medical Supplies
			6.4.3 Internet of Healthy Things
			6.4.4 Public Health
		References
Part 2: Blockchain in the Energy Sector
	Chapter 7 Application of Blockchain Technology in Sustainable Energy Systems
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 Blockchain
		7.3 Blockchain Applications in Energy Sector
			7.3.1 Blockchain Applications in Smart Grid
			7.3.2 Blockchain Applications in Energy Trading
			7.3.3 Blockchain Applications in Micro-Grid
			7.3.4 Blockchain in Electric Vehicles
			7.3.5 Blockchain Applications in Cyber Physical Security
		7.4 Blockchain as New Substructure
		7.5 Limitations of Blockchain
		7.6 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 8 Revamping Energy Sector with a Trusted Network: Blockchain Technology
		8.1 Introduction
		8.2 Energy Digital Transformation
			8.2.1 Digitalization, Decarbonization, and Decentralization of the Energy Sector
			8.2.2 Blockchain: A Disruptive Technology of the Energy Value Chain
			8.2.3 Blockchain Advancing DERs
		8.3 Energy Trading Mechanisms
			8.3.1 Blockchain P2P Energy Trading: A New Financing Mechanism
			8.3.2 Blockchain-Based Virtual Power Plant (VPP) Model
			8.3.3 Blockchain Technology for Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging and Discharging
		8.4 Blockchain Unlocking New Demand Side Management Models
			8.4.1 Blockchain in the Energy Efficiency Market
			8.4.2 New Blockchain-Enabled Demand Response (DR) Models
			8.4.3 Blockchain-Based Energy Performance Contracting
		8.5 Energy Blockchain’s Social and Environmental Impacts
			8.5.1 Blockchain Market for Carbon Credits and RECs
			8.5.2 Fighting Energy Poverty
		8.6 Conclusion
		References
Part 3: The Impact of Blockchain on the Financial Industry
	Chapter 9 Process Innovation and Unification of KYC Document Management System with Blockchain in Banking
		9.1 Introduction
		9.2 Blockchain
		9.3 Blockchain Technology Applications Sectors
		9.4 Know Your Customer (KYC)
			9.4.1 KYC Advantages
			9.4.2 KYC Document List
			9.4.3 Re-KYC
			9.4.4 Types of KYC Verification
			9.4.5 KYC Through Manual Verification Process
			9.4.6 Typical KYC Verification Process – Issues and Challenges
		9.5 Electronic Know Your Customer (e-KYC)
			9.5.1 e-KYC Documents Management System Using Blockchain
		9.6 Blockchain KYC Verification Process Advantages
		9.7 Taxonomy of Blockchain Systems
		9.8 Literature Survey
		9.9 Potential Use-Cases of Blockchain Technology in Banks
		9.10 Blockchain KYC-AML Solution
		9.11 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 10 Applying Blockchain Technology to Address NPA Issues During the COVID-19 Pandemic
		10.1 Introduction
		10.2 ACT 1: Foundation of Non-Performing Assets Management and Blockchain Technology
		10.3 Induction to Non-Performing Assets
		10.4 Charter for NPA Management
		10.5 Reasons for Growth of NPAs
		10.6 Induction to Blockchain Technology
		10.7 Possible Applications of Blockchain Technology
		10.8 ACT II Confrontation Stage
		10.9 Investigation of Loan Quality-Related Issues in the Indian Banking System
		10.10 Stage 3 – Treatment Stage for Bad Loans Through Blockchain in Indian Banks
		10.11 The Challenges of the Blockchain Technology in Financial Sector
		10.12 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 11 Blockchain and Smart Contracts for Insurance Industry
		11.1 Introduction
			11.1.1 Blockchain in Insurance
			11.1.2 Blockchain in Insurance Applications
		11.2 Smart Contracts by Insurance Providers Using Blockchain Technologies
			11.2.1 Blockchain: A Built-In Data
			11.2.2 Advanced Insurance Automation
			11.2.3 Cyber Security in Insurance through Blockchain
		11.3 Review of Literature
		11.4 Opportunities Provided by Blockchain Technology
		11.5 How Blockchain Technologies Work in Insurance Companies
		11.6 Challenges Posed by Blockchain
			11.6.1 Technologies Leveraging Technologies
			11.6.2 Strategic Alliances
			11.6.3 New Product Development
		11.7 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 12 How Blockchain Can Transform the Financial Services Industry
		12.1 Introduction
		12.2 Literature Review
			12.2.1 Basic Definition
			12.2.2 Blockchain and the Financial Sector
			12.2.3 Previous Research – International Perspective
			12.2.4 Previous Research – Indian Context
		12.3 Application Example of Financial Sector Based on Blockchain
			12.3.1 International Market
				12.3.1.1 Consortium
				12.3.1.2 Payment and Remittance
				12.3.1.3 Securities and Stock Exchanges
				12.3.1.4 Smart Contracts
			12.3.2 Indian Market
				12.3.2.1 Consortium
				12.3.2.2 Payment and Remittance
				12.3.2.3 Securities Exchanges
				12.3.2.4 Smart Contracts
		12.4 Challenges in India
		12.5 Mitigation Steps
		12.6 Opportunities as per Indian Perspective
		12.7 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 13 The Impact of Blockchain Technology and COVID-19 on the Global Banking Industry
		13.1 Introduction of Blockchain Technology (BCT)
			13.1.1 Key Characteristics of Blockchain
			13.1.2 Blockchain Architecture
			13.1.3 Applications of Blockchain Technology
		13.2 Blockchain Technology and the Banking Sector
			13.2.1 Impact of COVID-19 on Banking Industry
			13.2.2 Impact of Blockchain Technology on Banking Sector
			13.2.3 Comparison Between Blockchain-Based Banking Systems and the Traditional Banking
			13.2.4 Challenges Faced by Banking Sector and Blockchain as a Solution
		13.3 Analyzing Blockchain Technology and Porter’s Five Force Model
		13.4 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 14 Blockchain-Based Framework – A Scientific Tool for Developing a Robust Banking System
		14.1 Introduction
		14.2 Objective of the Chapter
		14.3 Meaning
			14.3.1 The Process
			14.3.2 Blockchain Components
			14.3.3 Types of Blockchain Networks
			14.3.4 Major Facilitators
			14.3.5 Blockchain Technology in the Banking Sector
			14.3.6 Technology Consortiums by The Banks in India
			14.3.7 Steps Taken by Two Leading Commercial Banks of India: SBI And ICICI
		14.4 The Framework
		14.5 Indian Government’s Perspective
		14.6 Conclusion
		References
Part 4: Blockchain Applications and Sustainability Issues
	Chapter 15 Advanced Cryptographic Technologies in Blockchain
		15.1 Blockchain Technology
		15.2 Tiers of Blockchain Technology
			15.2.1 Blockchain 1.0
			15.2.2 Blockchain 2.0
			15.2.3 Blockchain 3.0
			15.2.4 Blockchain X.0
		15.3 Characteristics of Blockchain
			15.3.1 Decentralization
			15.3.2 Immutability
			15.3.3 Persistency
			15.3.4 Anonymity
			15.3.5 Auditability
			15.3.6 Enhanced Security
		15.4 Concept of Blockchain Technology
		15.5 Taxonomy of Blockchain
			15.5.1 Public Blockchain
			15.5.2 Private Blockchain
			15.5.3 Consortium Blockchain
		15.6 Different Layers of Blockchain
			15.6.1 The Data Layer
				15.6.1.1 Blocks
				15.6.1.2 Digital Signature
			15.6.2 The Consensus Layer
				15.6.2.1 What is Consensus?
				15.6.2.2 Consensus in Blockchain
			15.6.3 The Network Layer
			15.6.4 The Application Layer
		15.7 How Does Blockchain Work: The Process
		15.8 Challenges in Blockchain
			15.8.1 Performance and Scalability
			15.8.2 Privacy
			15.8.3 Selfish Mining
		15.9 Blockchain Security
		15.10 Amalgamation of Blockchain with Cloud Computing for Robust Security
		15.11 Emerging Applications of Blockchain
			15.11.1 Healthcare
			15.11.2 Stock Market
			15.11.3 Supply Chain
		References
	Chapter 16 Network Security Issues in Blockchain Architectures
		16.1 Introduction to Blockchain Technology: Applications and Challenges
		16.2 Comparative Study of Security and Privacy in Popular Blockchain Technologies
			16.2.1 Security in Blockchain
		16.3 Security Issues in Blockchain Technology
		16.4 Privacy in Blockchain
			16.4.1 Privacy Issues in Blockchain Technology
		16.5 Open Issues and Challenges of Security and Privacy in Blockchain Technology
		16.6 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 17 A Comprehensive Report on Blockchain Technology, Its Applications, and Open Research Challenges
		17.1 Introduction
		17.2 Related Work
		17.3 Objectives
		17.4 Methodology
		17.5 IoT Architecture
			17.5.1 IoT Attacks
		17.6 Blockchain Architecture
		17.7 State-of-the-Art of Blockchain in IoT
		17.8 Blockchain Open Challenges and Future Trend
		17.9 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 18 New Blockchain Taxonomies and Trust Models Impacting Business Performance
		18.1 Introduction
		18.2 Foundation of Blockchain
			18.2.1 Blockchain: The History
			18.2.2 Components of Blockchain
			18.2.3 How Does the Blockchain Work?
			18.2.4 Types of Blockchain
			18.2.5 Features of Blockchain
			18.2.6 Advantages of Using Blockchain
			18.2.7 Disadvantages and Challenges of Blockchain
		18.3 Blockchain in Business: Some Real-World Examples
			18.3.1 Blockchain Applications in Healthcare Sector
			18.3.2 Blockchain Technology in Transport, Supply Chain Activities and Logistics
			18.3.3 Blockchain Technology in Industrial Sector
			18.3.4 Blockchain Technology in Financial Sector
		18.4 Conclusion
		References
Index
EULA