Blockchain: Empowering Secure Data Sharing

Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
1 Introduction
	1.1 Background
	1.2 Typical Data Sharing Scenarios
	1.3 Taxonomy of Existing Solutions
		1.3.1 Multi-party Collaborative Learning Without Blockchain
		1.3.2 Multi-party Collaborative Learning with Blockchain
	1.4 Data Sharing Requirements and Challenges
		1.4.1 Integrity of Data Sharing
		1.4.2 Security of Data Sharing
		1.4.3 Usability of Data Sharing
	1.5 Organization
	References
2 Blockchain and Data Sharing
	2.1 Blockchain Overview
		2.1.1 Data Layer
		2.1.2 Network Layer
		2.1.3 Consensus Layer
		2.1.4 Incentive Layer
		2.1.5 Application Layer
	2.2 Strengths of Blockchain
	2.3 Security and Privacy Threats to Blockchain
	2.4 Summary
	References
3 Layered Data Sharing Architecture with Blockchain
	3.1 Architecture Overview
	3.2 Design of Entity Layer
	3.3 Design of Data Repository Layer
	3.4 Design of Service Layer
	3.5 Design of Application Layer
	3.6 Summary
	References
4 Secure Homogeneous Data Sharing Using Blockchain
	4.1 Background Description
	4.2 Development of Privacy-Preservation ML Training
	4.3 Preliminaries
		4.3.1 Notation
		4.3.2 Homomorphic Cryptosystem
		4.3.3 Support Vector Machine
	4.4 System Model
	4.5 Threat Model
	4.6 The Construction of SecureSVM
		4.6.1 Encrypted Data Sharing via Blockchain
		4.6.2 Building Blocks
		4.6.3 Training Algorithm of SecureSVM
	4.7 Security Analysis
		4.7.1 Security Proof for Secure Comparison
		4.7.2 Security Proof for SVM Training Algorithm
	4.8 Performance Evaluation
		4.8.1 Experiment Setting
		4.8.2 Accuracy Evaluation
		4.8.3 Efficiency
	4.9 Summary
	References
5 Secure Heterogeneous Data Sharing Using Blockchain
	5.1 Privacy Preservation of Heterogeneous Data
	5.2 Secure Machine Learning over Heterogeneous Data
	5.3 Preliminaries
	5.4 System Model
		5.4.1 Threat Model
		5.4.2 Design Goals
	5.5 Secure SVM Training Scheme over Heterogeneous Datasets
		5.5.1 System Initialization
		5.5.2 Local Training Process
		5.5.3 Privacy-Preserving Gradient Update Judge
		5.5.4 Data Sharing on BSP
	5.6 Security Analysis
	5.7 Experiments
		5.7.1 Experimental Settings
		5.7.2 Accuracy
		5.7.3 Efficiency
		5.7.4 Scalability Evaluation
	5.8 Summary
	References
6 Secure Data Retrieval Using Blockchain
	6.1 Overview
	6.2 System Model
		6.2.1 Threat Model
		6.2.2 Design Goals
		6.2.3 System Architecture
	6.3 Design of Trading Format
		6.3.1 Image Feature Encryption
		6.3.2 Image Feature Transaction Structure
	6.4 Feature Extraction
		6.4.1 Image Feature Retrieval Index Library
		6.4.2 Similar Image Feature Retrieval
	6.5 Secure Data Retrieval
		6.5.1 Image Retrieval Process Design
		6.5.2 Image Retrieval Service Update
	6.6 Implementation and Evaluation
		6.6.1 Experimental Setup
		6.6.2 Time Complexity
		6.6.3 Storage Complexity
		6.6.4 Retrieval Accuracy
	6.7 Summary
	References
7 Data Sharing Incentives with Blockchain
	7.1 Overview
	7.2 Introduction to Shapley Value Theory
	7.3 Data Sharing Cooperation Model
		7.3.1 Business Model
		7.3.2 Cooperation Model
	7.4 Incentive Mechanism and Revenue Distribution
		7.4.1 Revenue Distribution Among Data Owners
		7.4.2 Revenue Distribution in Cooperation Model
		7.4.3 Mining Revenue
	7.5 Performance Evaluation
		7.5.1 Incentive Effect
		7.5.2 Incentives Rationality
		7.5.3 Data Effect on Participants
	7.6 Summary
	References
A How to Develop Smart Contract
	A.1 History
	A.2 Development Platform and Language
		A.2.1 Ethereum
		A.2.2 Enterprise Operation System
		A.2.3 HyperLedger Fabric
		A.2.4 Quorum
	A.3 Ethereum Private Blockchain Setup
		A.3.1 Ethereum Wallet
		A.3.2 Go Ethereum
		A.3.3 Setup Private Blockchain
	A.4 Ethereum Smart Contract Development
		A.4.1 Development Tool
		A.4.2 Hello World