Biological Investigations: Form, Function, Diversity and Process

Front Matter......Page 1
Preface......Page 2
Correlation Table......Page 4
1. Science: A Way of Gathering Knowledge......Page 6
2. Techniques in Microscopy......Page 16
3. Cellular Structure Reflects Function......Page 24
4. Determining How Materials Enter Cells......Page 36
5. Quantitative Techniques and Statistics......Page 46
6. Determining the Properties of an Enzyme......Page 58
7. Measuring Cellular Respiration......Page 72
8. Determining Chromosome Number in Mitotic Cells......Page 81
9. Observing Meiosis and Determining Cross.Over Frequency......Page 92
10. Determining Genotypes of Fruit Flies......Page 103
11. Isolating DNA and Working with Plasmids......Page 116
12. Testing Assumptions in Microevolution and Inducing Mutations......Page 125
13. Using Bacteria as Experimental Organisms......Page 138
14. Diversity Among Protists......Page 146
15. Investigating Plant Phylogeny: Seedless Plants......Page 161
16. Investigating Plant Phylogeny: Seed Plants......Page 175
17. Observing Fungal Diversity and Symbiotic Relationships......Page 191
18. Investigating Early Events in Animal Development......Page 203
19. Animal Phylogeny: Investigating Evolution of Body Plan......Page 215
20. Protostomes I: Investigating Evolutionary Development of Complexity......Page 231
21. Protostomes II: Investigating a Body Plan Allowing Great Diversity......Page 243
22. Deuterostomes: Investigating the Origins of the Vertebrates......Page 256
23. Investigating Plant Tissues and Primary Root Structure......Page 269
24. Investigating Primary Structure, Secondary Growth, And Function of Stems......Page 282
25. Investigating Leaf Structure and Photosynthesis......Page 294
26. Angiosperm: Reproduction, Germination, and Development......Page 307
Investigating Animal Form and Function......Page 323
27. Investigating Digestive and Gas Exchange Systems......Page 325
28. Investigating Circulatory Systems......Page 341
29. Investigating the Excretory and Reproductive Systems......Page 354
30. Investigating the Properties of Muscle and Skeletal Systems......Page 365
31. Investigating Nervous and Sensory Systems......Page 382
32. Statistically Analyzing Simple Behaviors......Page 394
33. Estimating Population Size and Growth......Page 403
34. Performing Standard Assays of Water Quality......Page 414
Significant Figures and Rounding......Page 422
Making Graphs......Page 424
Simple Statistics......Page 426
Writing Lab Reports and Scientific Papers......Page 433
Safety in the Laboratory......Page 436
Understanding Scientific Terminology......Page 437
Credits......Page 438