Biological Control: Benefits and Risks (Biotechnology Research (No. 4))

Cover......Page 1
Frontmatter......Page 2
Contents......Page 8
List of Contributors......Page 11
Series Preface......Page 16
Preface: Overview of Benefits and Risks of Biological Control Introductions......Page 18
Part I - Biological Invasions......Page 24
1 - Suppressiveness of Soils to Invading Micro-organisms......Page 26
2 - Biotechnology: Environmental Impacts of Introducing Crops and Biocontrol Agents in North American Agriculture......Page 36
3 - Frequency and Consequences of Insect Invasions......Page 53
4 - Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Fruit Orchards......Page 67
Part II - Classical Biocontrol......Page 74
5 - Benefits and Risks of Classical Biological Control......Page 76
6 - Potential Impacts on Threatened and Endangered Insects Species in the United States from Introductions of Parasitic Hymenoptera for the Control of Insect Pests......Page 87
7 - Lessons from Post-release Investigations in Classical Biological Control: The Case of Microctonus aethiopoides Loan (Hym., Braconidae) Introduced into Australia and New Zealand for the Biological Control of Sitona discoideus Gyllenhal (Col., Curculionidae)......Page 96
8 - Host Specificity Screening of Insect Biological Weed Control Agents as Part of an Environmental Risk Assessment......Page 105
Part III - Augmentative Biocontrol......Page 112
9 - The Use of Exotic Organisms as Biopesticides: Some Issues......Page 114
10 - Use of Trichogramma in Maize -- Estimating Environmental Risks......Page 122
11 - Entomopathogenic Nematodes in Biological Control: Feasibility, Perspectives and Possible Risks......Page 140
12 - Pseudomonads as Biocontrol Agents of Diseases Caused by Soil-borne Pathogens......Page 158
13 - Biological Control of Soil-borne Pathogens of Wheat: Benefits, Risks and Current Challenges......Page 170
14 - Genetically Engineered Fluorescent Pseudomonads for Improved Biocontrol of Plant Pathogens......Page 182
15 - Biological Control of Foliar Fungal Diseases......Page 188
16 - The Use of Fungi, Particularly Trichoderma spp. and Gliocladium spp., to Control Root Rot and Damping-off Diseases......Page 198
17 - Bacillus thuringiensis in Pest Control......Page 211
18 - Opportunities with Baculoviruses......Page 222
Part IV - Use of Genetically Modified Organisms......Page 228
19 - Assessing the Potential Benefits and Risks of Introducing Natural and Genetically Manipulated Bacteria for the Control of Soil-borne Root Diseases......Page 230
20 - Serodiagnostic Methods for Risk Assessment of Pseudomonas cepacia as a Biocontrol Agent......Page 238
21 - Benefits and Risks of Using Genetically Engineered Baculoviruses as Insecticides......Page 244
22 - Mathematical Modelling of Gene Exchange in Soil......Page 252
23 - Pest Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis: Ecological Crop Assessment for Bt Gene Incorporation and Strategies of Management......Page 257
24 - An International Perspective for the Release of Genetically Engineered Organisms for Biological Control......Page 274
Part V - Economics and Registration......Page 282
25 - Development of the Biocontrol Fungus Gliocladium virens: Risk Assessment and Approval for Horticultural Use......Page 284
26 - Economics of Classical Biological Control: A Research Perspective......Page 291
27 - Economics of Biocontrol Agents: An Industrial View......Page 298
28 - Registration Requirements of Biological Control Agents in Germany and in the European Union......Page 304
Index......Page 312