Beginning Ubuntu Server LTS Administration From Novice to Professional

Title Page......Page 2
Copyright Page......Page 3
Contents at a Glance......Page 5
Table of Contents......Page 6
About the Author......Page 14
About the Technical Reviewers......Page 15
 How This Book Is Structured......Page 16
 Contacting the Author......Page 17
 Preparing for the Installation......Page 18
 Starting the Ubuntu Server Installation Process......Page 19
  Configuring the Server’s Hard Drive......Page 25
  Completing the Installation......Page 43
 Summary......Page 44
 Working As root?......Page 45
  Using Bash to Best Effect......Page 46
  Managing Bash with Key Sequences......Page 49
  Working with Directories......Page 50
  Working with Files......Page 51
  Viewing the Content of Text Files......Page 53
  Finding Files That Contain Specific Text......Page 55
  Piping......Page 57
  Redirection......Page 58
 Finding Files......Page 60
 Working with an Editor......Page 61
  Saving and Quitting......Page 62
 Getting Help......Page 63
  Using man to Get Help......Page 64
  Getting Information on Installed Packages......Page 66
 Summary......Page 67
 Software Management......Page 68
  Software Repositories and Package Databases......Page 69
  Package Management Utilities......Page 70
  Understanding apt......Page 71
  Installing Software from Tarballs......Page 78
  Configuring a Graphical User Interface......Page 79
  Making File Backups with tar......Page 84
  Making Device Backups Using dd......Page 87
 Configuring Logging......Page 88
  Configuring syslog......Page 89
  Logging in Other Ways......Page 93
  Rotating Log Files......Page 94
 Summary......Page 96
  Using the mount Command......Page 97
  Unmounting Devices......Page 102
  Automating Mounts with /etc/fstab......Page 103
 Checking File System Integrity......Page 106
  Working with Symbolic Links......Page 107
  Comparing File Systems......Page 110
  Creating File Systems......Page 119
  Working with Logical Volumes......Page 122
 Doing Magic on Your File Systems with dd......Page 127
 Summary......Page 130
  Commands for User Management......Page 131
  Managing Passwords......Page 134
  Behind the Commands: Configuration Files......Page 136
 Creating Groups......Page 140
  Behind the Commands: /etc/group......Page 141
  Managing the User’s Shell Environment......Page 142
  Read,Write, and Execute: The Three Basic Linux Permissions......Page 143
  Permissions and the Concept of Ownership......Page 144
 Working with Advanced Linux Permissions......Page 146
  Setting Permissions......Page 148
  Working with Access Control Lists......Page 150
  Preparing the File System for ACLs......Page 151
  Applying File Attributes......Page 154
  Preparing the File System for Quota......Page 156
  Setting Quota for Users and Groups......Page 157
 Understanding Pluggable Authentication Modules......Page 158
  Creating a Default Security Policy......Page 160
  Discovering PAM Modules......Page 161
 Configuring Administrator Tasks with sudo......Page 164
 Summary......Page 166
  Different Kinds of Processes......Page 167
  Foreground and Background......Page 168
  Managing Processes......Page 170
  Other Tools to Monitor System Activity......Page 174
 Executing Processes Automatically......Page 177
  Configuring cron......Page 178
 Tuning the Boot Procedure......Page 180
  The GRUB Configuration File......Page 181
  Installing GRUB......Page 184
  Working with the GRUB Boot Menu......Page 185
  Upstart......Page 186
  Runlevels......Page 188
  Making Service Management Easier......Page 189
 Managing Hardware......Page 190
  Kernel Management......Page 191
  Installing Your Own Custom Kernel......Page 197
 Hardware Management with udev......Page 200
 Summary......Page 204
  To Script or Not to Script?......Page 205
  What Shell?......Page 206
  Basic Elements of a Shell Script......Page 207
  Making It Executable......Page 208
  Making a Script Interactive......Page 210
  Working with Arguments......Page 211
  Command Substitution......Page 214
  Substitution Operators......Page 215
  Pattern-Matching Operators......Page 217
 Performing Calculations in Scripts......Page 219
 Using Flow Control......Page 223
  Using if...then...else......Page 224
  Case......Page 227
  Using while......Page 228
  Using until......Page 229
  Using for......Page 230
 Using a Stream Editor......Page 231
 Working with Functions......Page 232
 A Complex Scripting Example......Page 233
 Summary......Page 235
 Configuring the Network Card......Page 236
  Using ifconfig......Page 238
  Using the ip Tool......Page 241
  Managing IPv6......Page 244
  Managing Routes......Page 247
  Configuring the DNS Resolver......Page 248
  Configuring Network Card Properties with the ethtool Command......Page 250
  Testing Connectivity......Page 253
  Testing Routability......Page 255
  Testing Availability of Services......Page 256
  Monitoring the Network Interface......Page 260
  Monitoring Network Traffic......Page 263
 Connecting Remotely with SSH......Page 265
  Working with Public/Private Key Pairs......Page 266
  Working with Secure Shell......Page 267
 Configuring SSH......Page 268
  A Short Introduction to Cryptography......Page 270
  Using Public/Private Key–Based Authentication in an SSH Environment......Page 271
  Setting Up SSH for Key-Based Authentication......Page 272
  Caching Keys with ssh-agent......Page 273
  X Forwarding......Page 274
  Generic TCP Port Forwarding......Page 275
 Summary......Page 276
  Methods of Name Resolution......Page 277
  Structure of the DNS Hierarchy......Page 279
  Configuring DNS......Page 283
  Configuring Reversed Lookup......Page 289
  Testing Your Name Server......Page 290
  Understanding the DHCP Protocol......Page 291
  The /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf Configuration File......Page 292
  Advanced DHCP Configuration Options......Page 295
 Configuring NTP......Page 298
 How NTP Works......Page 299
  Configuring a Stand-Alone NTP Time Server......Page 300
  Configuring an NTP Client......Page 301
  Checking NTP Synchronization Status......Page 302
  Customizing Your NTP Server......Page 303
 Starting Services with xinetd......Page 304
  Setting up xinetd by Hand......Page 305
  Tuning Access to Services with TCP Wrapper......Page 306
 Summary......Page 309
  Adding Printers......Page 310
  Sharing Printers......Page 313
  Managing Printers......Page 314
  Accessing CUPS Printers......Page 315
 Sharing Files with NFS......Page 316
  Understanding How the NFS Works......Page 317
  Configuring an NFS Server......Page 319
  Configuring an NFS Client......Page 321
 Sharing Files with Samba......Page 322
  Configuring the Samba Server......Page 323
  Integrating CUPS with Samba......Page 328
  Setting Up Samba As a Domain Controller......Page 330
  Client Access to the Samba Server......Page 332
 Summary......Page 334
 Setting Up Apache......Page 335
  Starting, Stopping, and Testing the Apache Web Server......Page 336
  Exploring the Configuration Files......Page 338
  The Structure of the Apache Configuration Files......Page 339
  Checking the Configuration......Page 340
  Configuring Virtual Hosts......Page 342
 Managing Access to the Web Server......Page 343
  Configuring Host-Based Access Restrictions......Page 344
  Configuring User-Based Access Restrictions......Page 345
 Enabling HTTPS......Page 346
  Creating a Self-Signed Certificate......Page 347
  Configuring Apache to Use the Self-Signed Certificate......Page 348
 Some Words on Apache Performance Tuning......Page 349
 Using PHP......Page 350
 Setting Up MySQL......Page 351
 Configuring a Squid Proxy Server......Page 352
  Configuring Squid Access Control Policies......Page 353
 Configuring User Authentication......Page 355
  Configuring the pure-ftpd Server......Page 357
 Summary......Page 359
CHAPTER 12 Setting Up the Netfilter Firewall with iptables and ufw......Page 360
 Netfilter Building Blocks......Page 361
 Using iptables to Create a Firewall......Page 362
 Firewall Management Made Easy:Uncomplicated Firewall......Page 369
 Summary......Page 370
  Virtualization Solutions......Page 372
  Approaches to Virtualization......Page 374
 Installing Virtual Machines with KVM......Page 375
  Setting Up KVM on Ubuntu Server......Page 376
  Installing Windows As a Guest Operating System on KVM......Page 377
  Managing Virtual Machines with Virtual Manager......Page 379
  Managing Virtual Machines with libvirt Tools......Page 383
 Installing Virtual Machines Using Xen......Page 385
  Setting Up Xen on Ubuntu Server......Page 386
  Installing Windows as a Guest Operating System on Xen......Page 388
  Installing Ubuntu Server As a Guest Operating System on Xen......Page 390
  Using Xen Management Commands......Page 391
 Ubuntu JeOS......Page 392
 Summary......Page 393
Index......Page 394