Becoming qualitative researchers : an introduction

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
About the Author
Acknowledgments
Brief Contents
Contents
CHAPTER 1 Meeting Qualitative Inquiry
	Beginnings
	Searching
	Ways of Knowing: Paradigms of Research
		Logical Positivism/Logical Empiricism and Postempiricism
		Interpretivism
		Critical Theory
		Postmodernism/Postcolonialism/Poststructuralism
		Mixed Methods
	Methodology, Inquiry Questions, and Methods: An Interaction
	Interpretive Traditions of Qualitative Inquiry
		Ethnography
		Autoethnography
		Action Research
		Possibilities of Qualitative Inquiry
	What Is to Come
	Recommended Readings
	Exercises
CHAPTER 2 Research Design and Other Prestudy Tasks: Doing What Is Good for You
	Introduction and Context
	The Research Topic
	Conceptual Framework
		Seeking Relevant Literature
		Using Theory
		Creating a Framework for Concepts
	Research Purposes
	Research Statement and Questions
	Selection of Research Methods
	Selection of Site and Participants
		Selection of Site
		Selection of Study Participants and Locations for Observations
	Planning for Trustworthiness and time
		Trustworthiness
		The Time Frame
	Meeting Participants: Access, Research Summaries, and the Pilot
		Gaining and Maintaining Access
		The Lay Summary
		The Pilot Study
	Recommended Readings
	Exercises
CHAPTER 3 Being There: Developing Understanding Through Participant Observation, Documents, and Visual Research
	The Participant-Observation Continuum
	Participant-Observation Goals
	The Participant-Observation Process
		Early Days of Fieldwork
		Observations
		Fieldnotes
	Fieldwork Allies: Documents, Artifacts, and Visual Data
		Documents and Artifacts
		Visual Data: Photography, Video, Maps, and Diagrams
	Marginal or Companion?
	Recommended Readings
	Exercises
CHAPTER 4 Making Words Fly: Developing Understanding Through Interviewing
	Developing Questions
		Question Content
		Shaping Interview Questions
		Revising and Piloting Interview Questions
	Conducting the Interview
		Where? When? How Long? How Often?
		The Interactive Nature of Interviewing
		Probing
	Recording, Transcribing, and Tracking
		Recording
		Transcribing
		Tracking
	Some Typical Problems in Interviewing
	Focus Group Interviews
	A Critique of the Conventional Interview
	Recommended Readings
	Exercises
CHAPTER 5 Field Relations: Researcher Roles, Rapport, and Reflexivity
	Researcher Roles and PredisposItions
		Anticipatory
		A Learner
		Analytic
		Reassuring
		Grateful
	Field Relationships
		Establishing and Maintaining Field Relationships
		Complicating and Enriching Dynamics in Field Relationships: Friendships and Power
	Reflexivity
		Subjectivity
		Identities and Positionings
		Trustworthiness
		Asking Reflexive Questions
	So What?
	Recommended Readings
	Exercises
CHAPTER 6 But Is It Ethical? Considering What Is “Right”
	Respect, Beneficence, and Justice
		The Principle of Respect: Informed and Voluntary Consent
		The Principle of Beneficence: Privacy
		The Principle of Justice: The Vulnerable, Reciprocity, and Representation
	Ethical Codes
	Researcher Roles and Ethical Dilemmas
		Exploiter
		Intervener/Reformer
		Advocate
		Friend
	No Easy Solutions
	Recommended Readings
	Exercises
CHAPTER 7 Finding Your Story: Data Analysis
	Varying Forms of Analysis
		Thematic Analysis
		Conversation Analysis
		Narrative Analysis
		Semiotics
	Thematic Analysis: The Early Days
		Memo Writing
		Maintaining Some Semblance of Control
		Rudimentary Categorizations
	Entering the Code Mines
		What Is a Code?
		Approaches to Coding
		Creating a Codebook
		Putting Codes to Work
	Displaying Data
	Qualitative Data Analysis Software
	Making Connections
	Trustworthiness and Limitations
		How Do You Know That Your Interpretation Is the Right One?
		Delimitations and Limitations
	Considerations
	Recommended Readings
	Exercises
CHAPTER 8 Crafting Your Story: Writing Up Qualitative Data
	The Conundrum of Representation
		The Tale and the Teller
		The Researcher’s Language
		Depictions and Interpretations
	Mind-sets for Approaching Research Writing
		Artist
		Translator/Interpreter
		Transformer
	Strategies for Writing
		Getting Started
		Keeping At It
		Drafts and Revisions
	The Text: Questions of Style
		Variety in Text Organization
		Specifics Of Style
		Beginning and Ending
	Recommended Readings
	Exercises
CHAPTER 9 Improvising a Song of the World: Arts Based Research
	Why Engage in Arts Based Research?
	Approaches to Arts Based Research
		Ethnodrama
		Poetics
		Autoethnography
		Fiction
		Visual
	Being Accountable and Taking Risks
		Being Accountable
		Taking Risks
	Recommended Readings
	Exercises
CHAPTER 10 The Continuing Search
	Becoming Qualitative Researchers
	Applications of Qualitative Research
		The Possibilities of Words and Other Forms of Presenting Research
		Applications of the Research Process
	Concluding Words
	Recommended Readings
	Exercises
Appendix A: Descriptions of Several Qualitative Methodologies
Appendix B: Maintaining a Fieldwork Notebook
Glossary
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References
Name Index
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Subject Index
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