Avian Foraging Theory Methodlogy and Applications (Studies in avian biology)

List of authors......Page 8
Introduction......Page 12
Behavioral and Theoretical Considerations......Page 0
Quantifying food resources in avian studies: present problems and future needs.......Page 14
Ecological and evolutionary impact of bird predation on forest insects: an overview......Page 17
Predation by birds and ants on two forest insect pests in the Pacific Northwest......Page 25
Measuring the availability of food resources......Page 31
Arthropod sampling methods in ornithology......Page 40
Food availability for an insectivore and how to measure it......Page 49
Quantifying bird predation of arthropods in forests......Page 55
Factors influencing Brown Creeper (Certhia americana) abundance patterns in the southern Washington Cascade Range......Page 64
Food resources of understory birds in central Panama: quantification and effects on avian populations......Page 69
Spatial variation of invertebrate abundance within the canopies of two Australian eucalypt forests......Page 76
Quantifying abundance of fruits for birds in tropical habitats......Page 84
Approaches to avian diet analysis......Page 91
Diets of understory fruit-eating birds in Costa Rica: seasonality and resource abundance......Page 102
Dietary similarity among insectivorous birds: influence of taxonomic versus ecological categorization of prey......Page 115
Foraging and nectar use in nectarivorous bird communities......Page 121
Biological considerations for study design......Page 134
Analytical considerations for study design......Page 137
Food exploitation by birds: some current problems and future goals......Page 145
A classification scheme for foraging behavior of birds in terrestrial habitats......Page 155
Proportional use of substrates by foraging birds: model considerations on first sightings and subsequent observations......Page 172
Sequential versus initial observations in studies of avian foraging......Page 177
Analysis of the foraging ecology of eucalypt forest birds: sequential versus single-point observations......Page 185
Use of radiotracking to study foraging in small terrestrial birds......Page 192
Influence of sample size on interpretations of foraging patterns by Chest-nut-backed Chickadees......Page 198
Precision, confidence, and sample size in the quantification of avian foraging behavior......Page 204
Interobserver differences in recording foraging behavior of Fuscous Honeyeaters......Page 210
Within-season and yearly variations in avian foraging locations......Page 213
The importance and consequences of temporal variation in avian foraging behavior......Page 221
Seasonal differences in foraging habitat of cavity-nesting birds in the southern Washington Cascades......Page 229
Yearly variation in resource-use behavior by ponderosa pine forest birds......Page 237
Variation in the foraging behaviors of two flycatchers: associations with stage of the breeding cycle......Page 248
Seasonal changes in foraging behavior of three passerines in Australian eucalyptus woodland......Page 256
Geographic variation in foraging ecology of North American insectivorous birds......Page 265
Geographic variation in foraging ecologies of breeding and nonbreeding birds in oak woodlands......Page 275
Sex, age, intraspecific dominance status, and the use of food by birds wintering in temperate-deciduous and cold-coniferous woodlands: a review......Page 281
Effects of unknown sex in analyses of foraging behavior......Page 291
Differences in the foraging behavior of individual Gray-breasted Jay flock members......Page 295
Use of Markov chains in analyses of foraging behavior......Page 299
A comparison of three multivariate statistical techniques for the analysis of avian foraging data......Page 306
An exploratory use of correspondence analysis to study relationships between avian foraging behavior and habitat......Page 320
Analyzing foraging use versus availability using regression techniques......Page 329
Analyzing foraging and habitat use through selection functions......Page 336
Specialist or generalist: avian response to spatial and temporal changes in resources......Page 344
When are birds dietarily specialized? Distinguishing ecological from evolutionary approaches......Page 348
Behavioral plasticity of foraging maneuvers of migratory warblers: multiple selection periods for niches?......Page 364
Dead-leaf foraging specialization in tropical forest birds: measuring resource availability and use......Page 371
Bird predation on periodical cicadas in Ozark forests: ecological release for other canopy arthropods?......Page 380
Influence of periodical cicadas on foraging behavior of insectivorous birds in an Ozark forest......Page 386
The influence of food shortage on interspecific niche overlap and foraging behavior of three species of Australian warblers (Acanthizidae)......Page 392
Studies of foraging behavior: central to understanding the ecological consequences of variation in food abundance......Page 400
Digestion in birds: chemical and physiological determinants and ecological implications......Page 402
Birds and mammals on an insect diet: A primer on diet composition analysis in relation to ecological energetics......Page 427
Energetics of activity and free living in birds......Page 434
A functional approach to foraging: morphology, behavior, and the capacity to exploit......Page 438
Ecological plasticity, neophobia, and resource use in birds......Page 442
Food availability, migratory behavior, and population dynamics of terrestrial birds during the nonreproductive season......Page 449
Foraging theory: up, down, and sideways......Page 455
Extensions of optimal foraging theory for insectivorous birds: implications for community structure......Page 466
Meeting the assumptions of foraging models: an example using tests of avian patch choice......Page 473
Literature cited......Page 482