Atmospheric Radiation: Progress and Prospects Proceedings of the Beijing International Radiation Symposium Beijing, China, August 26–30, 1986

Front Matter....Pages N1-viii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Address to Beijing International Radiation Symposium....Pages 3-4
Address to Beijing International Radiation Symposium....Pages 5-7
Address to Beijing International Radiation Symposium....Pages 8-9
Address to Beijing International Radiation Symposium....Pages 10-11
Front Matter....Pages 13-13
Prospects for Atmospheric Radiation....Pages 15-21
Characteristics of Radiation Processes Over China and Research Prospects....Pages 22-24
Clouds and Radiation in the World Climate Research Program....Pages 25-30
Remote Sensing for the Studies of Global Change....Pages 31-40
The International Satellite Land-Surface Climatology Project: A Brief Summary....Pages 41-43
Front Matter....Pages 45-45
The Solar Radiation at the Surface Over East Asia from Satellite Data....Pages 47-51
The Characteristics of Temporal and Spatial Variations in the Surface Radiation Balance Over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau....Pages 52-62
The Radiation Budget and Cloud Cover of the East-Asian Continent as Observed by the Nimbus-7 Satellite....Pages 63-70
The Characteristics of Seasonal Transitions in the Surface Radiation Balance Over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in 1979....Pages 71-75
Temporal Variability of the Radiation Budget Over the Tibetan Plateau Determined from the Erbe Satellites....Pages 76-81
The Effect of the Variation of Snow-Covered Surface Characteristics on the Radiation Budget Over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in Winter....Pages 82-86
The Characteristics of Spectral Solar Radiation and the Spectral Albedo of a Snow-Covered Surface Over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in Winter....Pages 87-91
Calculated Distribution of the Radiative Heating Rate Over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in a Numerical Simulation....Pages 92-98
The Features of the Atmospheric Heat Source Over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the Effect of Clouds on Radiation Oscillations in Summer 1979....Pages 99-106
Model Calculation of Radiative Properties in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Atmosphere....Pages 107-115
The Climatological Characteristics of the Components of the Surface Radiation Balance Over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from August 1982 to July 1983....Pages 116-125
Front Matter....Pages 45-45
A Numerical Experimental Study on the Transfer of Solar Radiation Over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Area....Pages 126-133
Some Characteristic Values of Surface Solar Radiation During Summer Over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau....Pages 134-138
The Application of Avhrr Data to Estimating the Earth-Atmosphere Radiation Budget of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau....Pages 139-144
A Climatological Calculation Method for Effective Radiation With its Spatial and Temporal Distribution Over China....Pages 145-148
Front Matter....Pages 149-149
The Radiation Budget in the Troposphere Over China....Pages 151-158
Synoptic Scale Statistics of the Emitted and Reflected Radiation as Observed by Satellites and Computed by General Circulation Models....Pages 159-165
The Climatology of the Itcz Based on Outgoing Longwave Radiation....Pages 166-171
Surface Radiation Budget from Satellites....Pages 172-180
The Relationship Between Spectral and Total Clear Sky Planetary Albedo....Pages 181-188
Calculation and Spatial and Temporal Distributions of the Components of the Radiation Balance for China....Pages 189-195
Climatological Calculation of the Possible Direct Solar Radiation Along With its Distribution Over China....Pages 196-200
Relationships Between Seasonal Cycles, Low-Frequency Oscillations, and Transient Disturbances as Revealed from Outgoing Longwave Radiation Data....Pages 201-206
The Main Cause of the Persistent Drought in Sahel and the Increasing Trend of El Niño Events During Recent Years....Pages 207-212
Climate and Solar Radiation Characteristics Over Desert Regions in Northern China During a Dry and a Wet Year....Pages 213-221
Solar Radiation at Shanghai and its Relation to the Urban Climate....Pages 222-230
Anomalies in Outgoing Longwave Radiation and their Possible Relationship to Precipitation in China During 1974–1984....Pages 231-240
Effects of Radiation Models on the Calculation of Infrared Cooling Rates....Pages 241-245
Ground-Based Spectrophotometry of Solar Radiation....Pages 246-249
Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Radiative Processes on the Development of Tropical Cyclones....Pages 250-258
First Approximation of Tropical Planetary Scale Motion and a Numerical Experiment Coupling Both Condensation and Cloud-Radiation Heating With the Walker Circulation....Pages 259-261
Front Matter....Pages 149-149
Satellite Observations of the Earth’s Radiation Budget Variability....Pages 262-267
Front Matter....Pages 269-269
The High Resolution Interferometer Sounder (HIS)....Pages 271-281
Microwave Radiometers—A Study on Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere at Peking University....Pages 282-290
Investigation of the Asian Dust Storm and Atmospheric Aerosols from Satellite Observations....Pages 291-299
Satellite Observation of Atmosphere and Surface Interaction Parameters....Pages 300-303
Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Water Vapor by Ground-Based Microwave Radiometry....Pages 304-309
Remote Sounding of Infrared Surface Fluxes and Cooling Rates from Space....Pages 310-317
Remote Sensing of Precipitable Water Vapor and Cloud Liquid Water Content Over the Ocean by Ground-Based Dual-Wavelength Radiometer....Pages 318-325
Aerospace Meteorology—Past, Present and Future....Pages 326-340
Regularization Methods for Estimating the Effects of KFE on Satellite Temperature Retrievals....Pages 341-347
Infrared Limb Sounding of the Middle Atmosphere....Pages 348-353
Remote Sensing of the Temperature Profile in the Boundary Layer....Pages 354-359
Remote Sensing of Hydrological Variables from the DMSP Microwave Mission Sensors....Pages 360-367
A Physical Model for Retrieving Total Ozone Over China from NOAA Satellites and its Preliminary Results....Pages 368-375
A Method for the Initialization of Mesoscale Models Using Remotely Sensed Wind Observations and Radiometric Data....Pages 376-379
Statistical Estimation Method for Retrieving Sea Surface Temperatures....Pages 380-383
Near-Horizontal Radiative Transfer Characteristics and Applications to Remote Sensing....Pages 384-389
Mesoscale Structure of the Arizona Monsoon Using Remotely Sensed Data....Pages 390-397
Differential Inversion and the Limits of Objective Temperature Inferencing....Pages 398-404
Front Matter....Pages 405-405
The Interaction of Radiative and Cloud Feedback Processes With Hydrology....Pages 407-412
Front Matter....Pages 405-405
An Approximate Estimate of the Variation in the Northern Hemisphere Average Cloudiness and Planetary Albedo for the Past Hundred Years....Pages 413-417
The Effects of Clouds on Climate as Deduced from Simple Models....Pages 418-425
The Influence of Clouds on Solar and Longwave Radiation in China....Pages 426-432
Effects of Interactive Cloud Cover and Liquid Water Content Programs on Climatic Temperature Perturbations....Pages 433-440
A Study on the Sensitivity of Air Temperature to Cloudiness....Pages 441-445
Geometric Dependence of Cloud Radiation Interactions from ISCCP Data....Pages 446-451
Extraction of Cloud Parameters from Bispectral Measurements....Pages 452-458
Observed Variations of Total Cloudiness and Cloud Types: Implications for the Atmospheric Radiation Budget....Pages 459-467
Radiative Properties of Layered Cloud Systems as Deduced from Satellite Observations....Pages 468-472
Remote Sensing of Cloud Cover Parameters....Pages 473-488
Determination of the Similarity Parameter of Clouds from Airborne Measurements of Scattered Radiation Within Clouds....Pages 489-497
Response of Cloud Tops to Radiative Forcing....Pages 498-503
Remote Sensing of Cloud Physical Parameters....Pages 504-507
Remote Sensing Studies of Oceanic Cloud-Radiation Feedbacks....Pages 508-514
The Radiative Characteristics of Cirrus and Marine Stratus from High Altitude Aircraft Observations....Pages 515-520
Ice-International Cirrus Experiment (In Europe)....Pages 521-524
Front Matter....Pages 525-525
Radiative Properties of Aerosols as Deduced from Satellite, Ground-Based and in Situ Observations....Pages 527-535
The Characteristics of Aerosol Distributions in Eastern China....Pages 536-542
The Effect of the Particle Refractive Index on the Accuracy of Aerosol Measurement With Optical Particle Counters....Pages 543-549
Simultaneous Determination of the Aerosol Size Distribution, Refractive Index, and Surface Albedo from Radiance Data....Pages 550-556
Front Matter....Pages 525-525
Orthogonal Function Approach to the Inversion of Backscattered Data....Pages 557-564
Simulation of the Intensity and Polarization of Skylight After a Volcanic Eruption....Pages 565-570
Effects of Temporal Variations in Optical Depth on the Determination of the Optical Depth and Solar Constant from Solar Photometry....Pages 571-577
Numerical Analysis of Deducing the Aerosol Refractive Index by Inversion of Stokes Parameters....Pages 578-583
Estimation of the Aerosol Absorption Index from Spectral Measurements of the Solar Radiation Flux....Pages 584-588
Atmospheric Turbidity Monitoring by use of a Scanning Radiometer....Pages 589-595
Optical Properties of the Turbid Atmosphere in the Yellow Sand Event Over Japan....Pages 596-601
Evaluation of Aerosol Turbidity in China Using Solar Radiation Data....Pages 602-607
Atmospheric Aerosol Optical Depths and Size Distributions at Hefei and Huangshan Mountain....Pages 608-618
Airborne Measurements of the Optical Stratification of Aerosols in Turbid Atmospheres....Pages 619-622
The Effect of Atmospheric Aerosols on Absorption of Solar Radiation....Pages 623-628
Spectral Measurements of Direct Solar Radiation and the Sky Brightness Distribution at Syowa Station, Antarctica....Pages 629-637
Remote Determination of the Aerosol Size Distribution from Ground-Based Measurements of the Solar Aureole Radiance....Pages 638-644
Potentials and Capabilities of a Spaceborne Backscatter Lidar for Meteorology....Pages 645-652
Front Matter....Pages 653-653
Bias in a Solar Constant Determination by the Langley Method Due to Aerosols....Pages 655-662
Advances in Developing Radiometric Instruments in China....Pages 663-668
Front Matter....Pages 669-669
Determination of Trace Gas Concentration in the Atmosphere by Using an Infrared Laser....Pages 671-675
Calculation of the Middle Ultraviolet Radiation Field in a Stratiform Cloud....Pages 676-678
Potential Effects of Anthropogenic Trace Gas Emissions on the Atmospheric Ozone, Temperature, Structure and Surface Climate....Pages 679-688
Trends of Radiatively Important Trace Gases and their Relationship to Tropospheric Photochemistry....Pages 689-696
Back Matter....Pages 697-699