Asme Viii Pressure Vessels Design And Practice

1.1 Introduction......Page 1

Contents......Page 0
1.2 Development of pressure vessel construction codes......Page 9
Additional Readings......Page 13
2.1 General overview......Page 15
2.2 Structural and material considerations......Page 19
2.3 Factor of safety......Page 23
2.5 Design by analysis......Page 24
References......Page 25
3.2 Theories of failure......Page 26
3.3 Theories of failure used in ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code......Page 29
3.4 Allowable stress limits in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code......Page 30
3.5 Service limits......Page 33
3.6 Design for cyclic loading......Page 35
3.7 Protection against fracture......Page 36
Problems......Page 37
4.1 Introduction......Page 38
4.3.1 Primary stress......Page 39
4.3.2 Secondary stress......Page 40
4.4 Stress limits......Page 41
4.6 Practical aspects of stress categorization......Page 44
4.7 Shape factor considerations......Page 47
Problems......Page 55
5.1 Introduction......Page 56
5.2 Thin-shell equations......Page 57
5.3 Thick-shell equations......Page 60
5.4 Approximate equations......Page 62
5.5 Buckling of cylindrical shells......Page 63
5.6 Discontinuity stresses in pressure vessels......Page 67
References......Page 69
Problems......Page 70
6.1 Introduction......Page 71
6.2 Hemispherical heads under internal pressure......Page 72
6.4.2 ‘‘Exact’’ theory......Page 77
6.6 ASME equation for torispherical heads......Page 78
6.7.1 Solution for ASME head using Eq. (6.15)......Page 79
6.8 ASME design equations for conical heads......Page 80
6.9 ASME design equations for toriconical heads......Page 81
6.10.2 Case 2......Page 82
6.12.1 Considering simply supported edges......Page 84
References......Page 85
7.1 Introduction......Page 86
7.2 Stress concentration about a circular hole......Page 87
7.3 Cylindrical shell with a circular hole under internal pressure......Page 88
7.4 Spherical shell with a circular hole under internal pressure......Page 89
7.5 Reinforcement of openings......Page 90
7.5.1 Reinforcement example problem......Page 92
7.6 Nozzles in pressure vessels......Page 93
References......Page 95
8.1 Introduction......Page 96
8.2 Exemption from fatigue analysis......Page 98
8.3 S–N curves......Page 99
8.4 Local strain approach to fatigue......Page 100
8.6 Cumulative damage......Page 102
8.7 Cycle counting......Page 104
8.8 Fatigue evaluation procedure......Page 105
8.9 Example of fatigue evaluation......Page 107
Problems......Page 108
9.1 Introduction......Page 110
9.2 Gasket joint behavior......Page 111
9.4.1 Problem 1......Page 113
9.4.2 Problem 2......Page 114
Problems......Page 117
10.1 Introduction......Page 118
10.2 Lug support......Page 119
10.3 Support skirts......Page 121
10.4 Saddle supports......Page 122
References......Page 125
11.1 Introduction......Page 126
11.2 Elastic analysis incorporating modified Poisson’s ratio......Page 129
11.3 Elastic analysis to address plastic strain intensification......Page 131
11.4 Conclusion......Page 134
References......Page 135
12.1 Introduction......Page 137
12.2.1 Example problem......Page 138
12.3.1 Vessel and nozzle thickness calculations......Page 139
12.3.2 Reinforcement calculations......Page 140
12.4 Fatigue evaluation using elastic analysis......Page 141
12.5 Fatigue evaluation using the simplified inelastic analysis method......Page 143
12.6 Structural evaluation of a reactor vessel support......Page 146
References......Page 151
A.1 Introduction......Page 152
A.2 Concept of stress......Page 153
A.3 Equations of equilibrium in a cylindrical system......Page 154
A.4 Principal stresses......Page 155
A.5 Strain......Page 156
A.7 Elastic plane problems......Page 158
A.7.1 Plane strain......Page 159
A.7.3 Stress function formulation......Page 160
A.8 Plasticity......Page 162
B.1 S–N curves......Page 165
B.3 Basic fracture mechanics......Page 167
B.4.1 Solution......Page 170
C.1 Shape factor......Page 171
C.2 Collapse phenomena and limit theorems......Page 172