Artificial Intelligence and Global Security: Future Trends, Threats and Considerations

Cover
Artificial Intelligence and Global Security
Artificial Intelligence and Global Security: Future Trends, Threats and Considerations
Copyright
Dedication
Table of Contents
About the Editor
About the Contributors
List of Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
1. Artificial Intelligence and the Future Global Security Environment
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Innovation and Advances in AI
	Civilian and Military Applications: Shaping Expectations
	AI and Preparing for Future Warfare
	Cyberattacks and AI
	Autonomy and Artificial Intelligence
	Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Advantages
	International Perspectives on AI
	AI: Future Forecast of Global Security
	Impact of AI Technologies on Leader Decision-making
	Conclusions
	Disclaimer
	References
2. Artificially Intelligent Techniques for the Diffusion and Adoption of Innovation for Crisis Situations
	Abstract
	The Case for Artificial Intelligence
	Relevance in Innovation Ecosystems
	Distinguishing Types of Artificial Intelligence for Diffusion and Adoption
	D&A of Classically Narrow AI
	AI Techniques for Diffusion and Adoption in Crisis Response
	Conclusion
	Disclaimer
	References
3. “Something Old, Something New” – Reflections on AI and the Just War Tradition
	Abstract
	A Certain Trajectory but an Uncertain Future
	If Not Just War, Then What?
	Clarification or Confusion?
	Concluding Thoughts
	Disclaimer
	References
4. Space War and AI
	Abstract
	Introduction
	What Is AI?
		Recent, Influential Definitions of AI and Its Goals
		Artificial Versus Natural Intelligence?
		AI: Questions of Moral Status
		Narrow AI Versus AGI
		Robots as Embodied AI and LAWS
	What Is Traditional JWT?
		Jus ad bellum, jus in bello: The Independence Thesis?
		What Matters for the Independence Versus Mutual Dependence (Interdependence) Thesis?
			Relevance of LAWS to Issue
		“Ought Implies Can” Issues and Moral Luck
		Can LAWS Have Moral Responsibility?
		Scenarios, Including Ultimate Scenario
			Asteroid Mining and Exploration – Is It Clearly Civilian?
			Could Tourist Spaceflight Be Dual-use?
		The Ultimate Scenario – Existential Risk
	Conclusions
		New Principles
		Final Conclusion
	References
5. Building an Artificial Conscience: Prospects for Morally Autonomous Artificial Intelligence
	Abstract
	Introduction: Ethics of Artificial Intelligence Versus Artificial Intelligence Ethics?
	What Is an Artificial Conscience?
	Why Build an Artificial Conscience?
	How Would We Build an Artificial Conscience?
	Concerns and Rejoinders
	Preparing for the Moral Future of Autonomy Today
	References
6. Artificial Intelligence and Ethical Dilemmas Involving Privacy
	Abstract
	The Virtual Environment
		Scene: Ext. Anytown, USA: Morning-Sunrise
	Definitions
		Data Privacy Versus Data Security: Don\'t Get It Twisted
	Benefits and Drawbacks of AI
		Data Ecosystem
		Digital Authoritarianism and the Rise of the Surveillance Economy
		Options to Consider?
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	Disclaimer
	References
7. Artificial Intelligence and Moral Reasoning: Shifting Moral Responsibility in War?
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Identifying AI
	War as Existential, Not Just Instrumental
	Continuum Argument
	Moral Reasoning
	Moral Agency
	What Role Does AI Play in War?
	Conclusion
	Disclaimer
	Notes
	References
8. Ethical Constraints and Contexts of Artificial Intelligent Systems in National Security, Intelligence, and Defense/Milit ...
	Abstract
	Introduction
	Delineating Major Types of AI
	Moral Guidance for Autonomous AI
	Locating Moral Responsibility
	Programming AI Morality
	Ethics in Context and Community
	Toward Synthesis: An AI “Cooperating System” for Ethics
	Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
9. An AI Enabled NATO Strategic Vision for Twenty-First-Century Complex Challenges
	Abstract
	NATO Adaptation: An Evolution of Change and Collaboration
	NATO Transformation and AI
	A Strategic Vision for NATO\'s Organizational Transformation
	References
10. AI Ethics: Four Key Considerations for a Globally Secure Future
	Abstract
	Coming to Terms with AI
	Narrow, Narrow, Narrow
	AI Technology: Are We There Yet?
	Can LAWS Be Moral?
	The Dual-use Paradox
	Ethics and AI
	Conclusion: Four Key Considerations for a Globally Secure Future
	Disclaimer
	References
11. Epilogue: The Future of Artificial Intelligence and Global Security
Index