Art of the 20th Century

A New View of the World – Technology and the Natural Sciences Change the Mechanistic World View......Page 6
Matisse and the Wild Beasts in Paris: The Fauves and the Autonomy of Colour......Page 8
Paula Modersohn-Becker and Tranquillity in Worpswede......Page 18
Futurism: The Dynamisation of the Image......Page 22
Expressionism and the Search for Contemporary Form......Page 28
Cubism, Materiality, and Collage......Page 63
The Russian Avant-Garde......Page 76
De Stijl: The Uniformity of the Painting Surface......Page 88
The Bauhaus......Page 90
Dada and Its Surroundings......Page 94
Explosive Visual Language......Page 98
Veristic Tendencies......Page 100
Pittura Metafisica......Page 102
Surrealism......Page 104
Magical Realism and the New Objectivity......Page 114
Degenerate Art......Page 122
First Steps......Page 126
The Fragmentation of Shape......Page 130
Material Constructions......Page 140
Bauhaus and De Stijl......Page 144
Readymade and Surreal Objects......Page 146
Homogenous as Nature......Page 154
An Introductory Note......Page 156
The U.S.A.......Page 158
Europe During the First Two Decades......Page 166
The'30s: Moscow, San Francisco, Nuremberg......Page 207
New Beginnings on the International Scene after World War II......Page 214
The Realists......Page 216
New York and Abstract Expressionism......Page 224
Europe and Abstract Expressionism......Page 238
Abstract Expressionist Sculpture......Page 250
The Sixties: Close to Real Life......Page 254
Nouveaux Réalistes......Page 256
Concrete Art......Page 262
Op-Art and Kinetics: The View from the Centre......Page 286
Pop Art......Page 292
Nouvelle Figuration and New Realism......Page 309
Photorealism......Page 316
Minimal Art......Page 320
Conceptual Art......Page 330
Campaigns, Happenings, Fluxus......Page 334
Arte Povera: Organic Energy......Page 336
Natural Processes......Page 340
Spurensicherung: Material Memory......Page 346
Land Art: Ethereal Energies......Page 354
From the '60s to the '80s......Page 356
The New Expressivity......Page 358
Painting as Painting – An Everlasting Language......Page 362
Video and New Media......Page 374
Photography: A Brief Look Back and Ahead......Page 382
Sculpture and Readymades......Page 390
Painting and Installations toward the End of the Millennium......Page 400
The First Two Decades after World War II......Page 406
Cultural Buildings from the Late '50s to the Mid-'70s......Page 422
Further Development of the Skyscraper: Four Examples......Page 430
Parisian Cultural Buildings in the François Mitterrand Period......Page 438
Postmodernism and Deconstruction......Page 444
A New Sensibility......Page 452
Berlin after Reunification......Page 458
Architecture in the New Millennium......Page 472
A Brief Look Back and Ahead......Page 473
The Gigantic Dimensions of Architecture in the Emirates......Page 476
The Future: Subtle Architecture......Page 488
Conclusion......Page 494
Bibliography......Page 497
Index......Page 500