Apples : botany, production, and uses

Colour Plates......Page 1
Contents......Page 37
Contributors......Page 39
Preface......Page 41
Acknowledgements......Page 43
1 Taxonomic Classification and Brief History......Page 45
2 World Production, Trade, Consumption and Economic Outlook for Apples......Page 59
3 Genetic Improvement of Apple: Breeding, Markers, Mapping and Biotechnology......Page 75
4 Characteristics of Important Commercial Apple Cultivars......Page 105
5 Apple Rootstocks......Page 135
6 Propagation and Nursery Tree Quality......Page 169
7 Flowering, Pollination and Fruit Set and Development......Page 197
8 Water Relations of Apples......Page 211
9 Light Relations......Page 239
10 Temperature......Page 261
11 Selecting the Orchard Site, Site Preparation and Orchard Planning and Establishment......Page 281
12 Nutritional Requirements of Apple......Page 311
13 Orchard-floor Management Systems......Page 347
14 Pruning and Training Physiology......Page 363
15 Apple-orchard Planting Systems......Page 389
16 Flower and Fruit Thinning and Vegetative : Fruiting Balance......Page 453
17 Endogenous Hormones and Bioregulator Use on Apples......Page 481
18 Diseases of Apple......Page 503
19 Ecology and Management of Apple Arthropod Pests......Page 533
20 Apple-orchard Freeze Protection......Page 565
21 Integrated Fruit Production for Apples – Principles and Guidelines......Page 583
22 Organic Apple Production – with Emphasis on European Experiences......Page 595
23 Principles and Practices of Postharvest Handling and Stress......Page 629
24 Production and Handling Techniques for Processing Apples......Page 659
Index......Page 679