Apache Phrasebook

Table of Contents  | Index   

     Copyright 
     About the Authors 
     Acknowledgments 
     We Want to Hear from You! 
     Reader Services 
     Introduction 
     Chapter 1.  Apache Basics 
        Discovering Apache 
        Determining Whether Apache Is Already Installed 
        Installing Apache 1.3 on Linux and Unix 
        Installing Apache 2.0 on Linux and Unix 
        Installing Apache on Windows 
        Configuration File Basics 
        Using Multiple Configuration Files 
        Starting, Stopping, and Restarting Apache 
        Changing the Address and Port Apache Uses 
        Changing the User Apache Runs As 
        Specifying a Server Name 
        Providing an Icon for my Web Page 
        Discovering the Modules Available on the Server 
        Enabling and Disabling Individual Modules 
        Adding Modules after Compiling Apache Without Recompiling 
        Publishing Content 
     Chapter 2.  Troubleshooting 
        Help! My Apache Server Does Not Work! 
        The Error Log 
        Logging to the System Log Daemon 
        Controlling the Amount of Information Logged 
        Testing the Apache Configuration for Problems 
        Testing Apache from the Command Line 
        Checking That Apache Is Running 
        Alternate Ways of Stopping Apache 
        Using Apache to Debug Apache 
        Startup Errors 
        Access Denied Errors 
        Internal Server Errors 
        Additional Error Log Files 
        Redirections Do Not Work 
        Troubleshooting Checklist 
     Chapter 3.  Logs and Monitoring 
        Introduction to Logging in Apache 
        Default Apache Log Files 
        Creating Log Formats 
        Creating a Custom Log File 
        Redirecting Logs to an External Program 
        Logging Requests Conditionally 
        Monitoring Who Is Linking to Your Website 
        Monitoring Apache with mod_status 
        Monitoring Apache with SNMP 
        Analyzing Your Logs with Open-source Tools 
        Monitoring Your Logs in Real Time 
        Logging Requests to a Database 
        Rotating and Archiving Logs 
        Controlling IP Address Resolution 
        Processing Logged IP Addresses 
        Restarting Apache Automatically If It Fails 
        Merging and Splitting Log Files 
        Keeping Separate Logs for Each Virtual Host 
        Common Log Entries 
     Chapter 4.  URL Mapping and Dynamic Content 
        URL Mapping 
        Mapping URLs to Files with Alias 
        Mapping URL Patterns to Files with AliasMatch 
        Redirecting a Page to Another Location 
        Redirecting to the Latest Version of a File 
        Redirecting Failed or Unauthorized Requests 
        Defining Content Handlers 
        Understanding MIME Types 
        Configuring MIME Types 
        Basics of Running CGI Scripts 
        Marking Resources As Executable CGIs 
        Associating Scripts with HTTP Methods and MIME Types 
        Troubleshooting the Execution of CGI Scripts 
        Improving CGI Script Performance 
        Understanding Server Side Includes 
        Configuring Server Side Includes 
        Setting Environment Variables 
        Setting Environment Variables Dynamically 
        Special Environment Variables 
        Understanding Content Negotiation 
        Configuring Content Negotiation 
        Assigning Default Charsets and Language Priorities 
        Advanced URL Mapping with mod_rewrite 
        Understanding the "Trailing Slash" Problem 
        Fixing Spelling Mistakes 
        Fixing Capitalization Problems 
        Validating Your Pages with Tidy 
     Chapter 5.  Virtual Hosting 
        What Is Virtual Hosting? 
        What Is IP-based Virtual Hosting? 
        Configuring IP-based Virtual Hosting 
        What Is Name-based Virtual Hosting? 
        Configuring Name-based Virtual Hosting 
        What Happens If a Request Does Not Match Any Virtual Host? 
        Configuring a Default Name-based Virtual Host 
        Configuring a Default IP-based Virtual Host 
        Mixing Name-based and IP-based Virtual Hosts 
        Debugging Virtual Host Setups 
        Using SSL with Name-based Virtual Hosts 
        Alternate Virtual Hosting 
        Alternate Virtual Hosting Modules 
        Per-directory Configuration Files 
        Controlling the Scope of Per-directory Configuration Files 
        Disabling Per-directory Configuration Files 
     Chapter 6.  Security and Access Control 
        Understanding the Need for Access Control 
        Differences Between Apache Versions 
        Understanding Basic and Digest Authentication 
        Introducing Apache Access Control 
        Introducing Apache Authorization and Authentication Configuration 
        Creating a User Database 
        Using Require to Authorize Users and Groups 
        Handling a Large Number of Users 
        Allowing Access Only to Specific IP Addresses 
        Denying Access to Specific IP Addresses 
        Combining Access Control Methods 
        Customizing Your Access Denied Page 
        Putting Users in Control 
        Denying Access to System and Sensitive Files 
        Restricting Program Execution 
        Preventing Abuse 
        Disabling Directory Listings 
        Changing the Server: Header 
        Preventing Hotlinking to Your Images 
        Restricting Specific HTTP Methods 
        Restricting Access Based on the Browser Type 
        Using Location and Directory Sections 
        Additional Authentication Modules 
        Apache 2.2 
        Keeping Up to Date with Apache Security 
        Security Checklist 
     Chapter 7.  SSL/TLS 
        What Is SSL? 
        How Does SSL Work? 
        Compiling OpenSSL 
        Encryption Keys 
        Creating a Key Pair 
        Creating a Password-protected Key Pair 
        Remove the Password from a Key 
        Certificates 
        Creating a Certificate Signing Request 
        Showing the Contents of a Certificate Signing Request 
        Creating a Self-signed Certificate 
        Compiling SSL Support in Apache 1.3 
        Compiling SSL Support in Apache 2.x 
        Minimal Apache Configuration 
        Starting Apache with SSL Support 
        SSLPassPhraseDialog 
        Improving SSL Performance 
        Forcing All Content to Be Served Using SSL 
        SSL and Name-based SSL Virtual Hosts 
        Using Apache Auth Modules with SSL 
        Warning Messages When Accessing an SSL-enabled Website 
        Creating Client Certificates 
        Authentication Using Client Certificates 
        Alternatives to mod_ssl 
        Testing SSL-enabled Websites from the Command Line 
        Working Around Buggy SSL Implementations 
        Complex Access Control with mod_ssl 
        Related Chapters 
     Chapter 8.  Content Publishing with DAV 
        Content Publishing and Apache 
        Introducing WebDAV 
        Advantages of Using mod_dav 
        WebDAV and the HTTP Protocol 
        Installing mod_dav on Apache 2.0 
        Installing mod_dav on Apache 1.3 
        Basic WebDAV Configuration 
        Securing Your WebDAV Configuration 
        Accessing DAV Resources from Microsoft Office 
        Accessing DAV from Microsoft Windows 
        Accessing DAV Resources from Firefox 
        Accessing DAV from the Command Line 
        Dealing with Buggy Clients 
        mod_speling and DAV 
        Dynamic Content and DAV 
        Enabling Per-user Pages 
        Alternate User Directories 
        Fixing Problems with DAVLockDB 
     Chapter 9.  Performance and Scalability 
        Tuning Apache 
        Understanding Performance and Scalability 
        Tuning Your Hardware 
        Increasing OS Limits 
        Increasing OS Limits on Processes 
        Increasing OS File Descriptors 
        Controlling External Processes 
        Improving File System Performance 
        Handling Symbolic Links 
        Tuning Network and Status Settings 
        Preventing Abuse 
        Limiting Connections and Bandwidth 
        Dealing with Robots 
        Reverse Proxies and Load Balancers 
        Caching and Compression 
        Module-specific Optimizations 
        Alternatives to Apache 
     Chapter 10.  Apache Proxy and Caching Support 
        Understanding the Need for Caching and Proxies 
        Understanding Forward and Reverse Proxies 
        Differences Between Apache 1.3, 2.0, and 2.2 
        Enabling mod_proxy Support 
        Enabling Forward Proxy Support 
        Using a Reverse Proxy to Unify Your URL Space 
        Hiding the Backend Servers 
        Preventing URLs from Being Reverse Proxied 
        Improving Performance 
        Offloading SSL Processing 
        Passing Proxy Information in Headers 
        Manipulating Headers 
        Implementing a Caching Proxy 
        Caching in Apache 2 
        Load Balancing 
        Connecting to Tomcat 
        Alternate Proxies 
        Transparent HTTP Proxies 
     Chapter 11.  Multi Processing and Protocol Modules 
        The Evolution of Apache's Architecture 
        Selecting a Multi Processing Module 
        Understanding Process-Based MPMs 
        Configuring the Prefork MPM 
        Understanding Threaded and Hybrid MPMs 
        Configuring the Worker MPM 
        Using Alternate MPMs 
        Understanding Apache 2 Filters 
        Using Apache As an FTP Server 
        Using Apache As a POP3 Server 
        Compressing Content on the Fly 
     Index