Anthropologies of Global Maternal and Reproductive Health. From Policy Spaces to Sites of Practice

Anthropologies of Global Maternal and Reproductive Health
	From Policy Spaces to Sites of Practice
	Copyright
	Foreword
	Acknowledgments
	Contents
	Editors and Contributors
	About the Editors
	Contributors
Chapter 1: Introduction
	Introduction
	The Anthropology of Global Maternal and Reproductive Health Policy
	Implementation Disconnects and Policy Rhetoric
	Policy Ambivalence
	Contesting Authoritative Knowledge and Practice
	The Rise of Evidence and Its Uses
	Conclusion
		An Agenda for Future Research on Global Maternal and Reproductive Health Policy
	References
Part I: Implementation Disconnects and Policy Rhetoric
	Chapter 2: Baby (Not So) Friendly: Implementation of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative in Serbia
		Introduction
		Methods
		The Global Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative
		The History of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative in Serbia
			The 1990s
			The Early 2000s
			2012 to the Present
		The Not-So-Baby-Friendly Maternity Hospital
		Discussion and Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 3: The Promise and Neglect of Follow-up Care in Obstetric Fistula Treatment in Uganda
		Introduction
		Obstetric Fistula in Uganda
		Methods
		Obstetric Fistula Emerges as an International Priority
		Fistula Policy in Uganda
		In Search of Follow-up Protocols
		Women’s Experiences with Fistula Follow-up Care
			Unclear Diagnosis
			Barriers to Follow-up
		Surgeon’s Perspectives on Follow-up
		Tracking Residual Incontinence
		Failure of Policy or Priority? Making Sense of the Neglect of Follow-up
		References
	Chapter 4: The Domestication of Misoprostol for Abortion in Burkina Faso: Interactions Between Caregivers, Drug Vendors and Women
		Introduction
		The Social, Legal and Policy Context of Misoprostol in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
		Field Site and Methods
			Data Analysis and Ethical Issues
		How Health Providers and Drug Vendors Circumvent the Regulation of Misoprostol
		Intermediaries’ Motivations
		Pharmaceutical Diversion of Misoprostol by Women
		When the Diversion of Misoprostol Reproduces Social Inequities
		Discussion and Conclusion: Safe Access to Safe Abortion
		References
	Chapter 5: The “Sustainability Doctrine” in Donor-Driven Maternal Health Programs in Tanzania
		Introduction: Unpacking the Sustainability Doctrine
		Methods
		Conceptualizations of “Sustainability” Among Policymakers in the Tanzanian NGO Community
		Paradoxical Outcomes from MDG-era Efforts to Build Sustainability: NGO-Driven Brain Drain in the Tanzanian Health Sector
		The Sustainability Doctrine in Practice: Basic Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care Trainings and Workshops
		Persisting Sustainability Doctrine Practices in Tanzania’s Respectful Maternity Care Efforts
		Conclusion
		References
Part II: Policy Ambivalence
	Chapter 6: The Place of Traditional Birth Attendants in Global Maternal Health: Policy Retreat, Ambivalence and Return
		A Midwife by Any Other Name
		Introduction
		The Traditional Birth Attendant: A Global Health Invention
		Critical Perspectives on the TBA Policy Shift
			A Question of Evidence
			Flaws in the Original TBA Intervention
			The Global Political and Economic Context of the Safe Motherhood Initiative
			A New Humanitarian Logic with no Room for the Figure of the Traditional Birth Attendant
		Conclusion: The Return of the Traditional Birth Attendant?
		References
	Chapter 7: Conflicted Reproductive Governance: The Co-existence of Rights-Based Approaches and Coercion in India’s Family Planning Policies
		Introduction
			A Note on Methods
			The Anthropology of the State and Reproductive Governance
			India’s Family Planning and Underlying Policy Rationale
			Tracking Rights-Based Ideas in Family Planning
			The Policy Rationale for a Return to Sterilisation
		Embodying Conflicted Governance: ASHA Health-Worker Perceptions and Practices
		Concluding Discussion: Contrariness as Effective Policy
		References
Part III: Contesting Authoritative Knowledge and Practice
	Chapter 8: Regulating Midwives: Foreclosing Alternatives in the Policymaking Process in West Java, Indonesia
		Introduction
		Methodology
			Site Selection
			Methods
		The Promotion of “Skilled Birth Attendants” in Global Health Policy
			Maternal Health Policy in the Context of Decentralization in Indonesia
			The Development of the District Regulation on Partnership Between Bidan, Paraji, and Kader: Policy Entrepreneurship, the Use of Evidence, and the Role of Numbers
			Building the Evidence Base: Partnership Pilots and Paraji Perspectives
				Alternative Views on Partnership: Perspectives of Mothers, Paraji and Bidan
				What Makes for a Successful Partnership Between Bidan and Paraji?
			Formulating the Text of the Regulation
			The District Parliamentary Meeting
				Theme 1: Mothers and Infants Should Not Be Dying
				Theme 2: Paraji Are of the Past, Not the Future
				Theme 3: Competition Between Bidan and Paraji Will Not Work
		Discussion
		References
	Chapter 9: Making Space for Qualitative Evidence in Global Maternal and Child Health Policymaking
		Introduction
		A Note on Methods
		A Primer on Qualitative Evidence Synthesis
		Origin Stories: QES in OptimizeMNH
		New Hierarchies Undone by Old Methods
		NerdWorld: Pragmatism, Innovation, and Ideology
		Show Your Work!: Transparency, Accountability, and Interpretation
		Conclusion
		References
Part IV: The Rise of Evidence and Its Uses
	Chapter 10: The International Childbirth Initiative: An Applied Anthropologist’s Account of Developing Global Guidelines
		Introduction: A Focus on Process
		Birth Activism
		The Larger Context: A Need for a Quality-of-Care-Based Initiative
		Creating the International MotherBaby Childbirth Initiative (IMBCI): 10 Steps to Optimal MotherBaby Maternity Services
		IMBCO’s Pilot Project: Disappointment and Setback
		MotherBaby Networks (MBnets)
		The FIGO Initiative
		Creating the International Childbirth Initiative: 12 Steps to Safe and Respectful MotherBaby-Family Maternity Care
		Resolving Disagreements in the Creation of the ICI
		Endorsement and Implementation
		Conclusion
			Our Ultimate Vision: Setting the Gold Standard for Optimal Maternity Care
		References
	Chapter 11: Selling Beautiful Births: The Use of Evidence by Brazil’s Humanised Birth Movement
		Introduction
		Methods
		The Intervention Epidemic in Brazil
		The Movement for Humanised Care in Childbirth
		Strategies for Humanising Policy and Practice
			Obstetric Violence
			Using Evidence in Humanised Policy Design
		Contesting Evidence, Overcoming Cesaristas
		Marketing Beautiful Births
		Discussion
		References
Index